Partical Celtic Cognates

These words are cognate (related) in two or more of the six modern Celtic languages. Click on the English translations to find out more about them on the Celtiadur blog

Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates

Celtic cognates

Words marked † are archaic/obsolete.

Gaeilge (Irish)	Gàidhlig (Gaelic)	Gaelg (Manx)	Cymraeg (Welsh)	Kernewek (Cornish)	Brezhoneg (Breton)	English
abhaill	abhall	—	afallen	avalen	avalwez	apple tree
abair	abair	abbyr	—	—	—	to say, to speak
ábhar	adhbar	oyr		—	—	material, matter, reason
—	—	—	a(c)	ha(g)	ha(g)	and, while
achadh	achadh	—	—	—	—	field, garden, enclosure, hedge, plain
adha	—	—	addas	—	adas†	fitting, worthy, proper
adhal	adhal	aall		—	—	fork, trident
—	adhbrann	abane	—	—	—	ankle
admhaigh	—	—	addef	—	anavout	to acknowledge, admit
ag	aig	ec	wng	—	—	at, near
agair	agair	aggyrt	—	—	—	to plead, claim
agh	agh	—	eil(i)on	—	—	stag, deer, hart
aghaidh	aghaidh	oai	—	—	—	face, front
aí, a(o)i	ai	—	hwyaden	hos	houad	duck, swan
ol†	ail	—	ôl	ol	heul	since, mark, footprint, track
aineach, eineach	eanach	—	wyneb	enep	eneb	face, honour, reputation
ainmhí	ainmhidh	—	anifail	eneval	aneval	animal, beast
ainnir	ainnir	—	anner	annor	annoar	heifer, girl, maiden
airchinneach	airchinneach	—	arbennig	arbennik	arbennik	special, steward
áireamh	àireamh	earroo	eirif	—	eirimotor†	number, count(ing), sum
áirí	àirigh	eairee	—	—	—	hill pasture, sheiling, milking place
aisil	—	—	—	esel	ezel	part, piece, joint, limb
áitreabh	aitreabh	—	adref	dhe-dre	—	habitation, building, homewards
Alba	Alba	Nalbin	Yr Alban	Alban	—	Scotland
Albain Nua	Alba Nuadh	(Yn) Albin Noa, Nalbin Noa	Alban Newydd	Alban Nowydh	—	Nova Scotia
allúrach	allmharach	—	allmyr	—	—	foreign(er), exotic, strange(r)
allta	allaidh	oaldey	—	—	—	wild, savage, predatory
—	—	—	allwedd	alhwedh	alc'hwez	key
altán	ealtainn	—	ellyn	alsen, alten	aotenn	razor, sharp knife
am	àm	am	—	—	—	time
amh	amh	aw	of	—	—	raw, uncooked
amhas	amhas	—	amaeth	ammeth	ambaith†	servant, ploughman, savage
aoibheal	èibheall	—	ufel	—	ful(enn)	glowing coal, ember, (bon)fire, spark(s)
aoibhneas	aoibhneas	eunys	—	—	—	pleasant, agreeable, delightful
aoine	aoine	eney	—	—	yun	fast(ing), abstinence, Friday
—	—	—	ar draws	a-dreus	a-dreuz	across, traverse
araile	—	—	arall	aral	arall	(an)other
aran	aran	arran	—	—	—	bread
arbeir†	—	—	arfer	—	—	use, usage, practice
arc(án)	orc(an)	ark	—	—	—	piglet, sow
arg†	—	—	eira	ergh	erc'h	snow
art	art†	—	—	—	—	stone
art†	àra	—	arth	arth	arzh	bear
áru†	—	arrey	aren	—	—	kidney
—	—	—	asgwrn	askorn	askorn	bone
astal†	astal†	—	astell	astel	astell	board, plank, shelf
áth	àth	aah	—	—	—	ford
athair	athair	ayr	-atr†	—	—	father
—	—	—	awel	awel	avel	wind, breeze
—	—	—	awyren	ayren	—	aeroplane, aircraft, balloon
badhsacal	baidhs(e)agal	—	beic, beisicl	—	bisiklet	bicycle
—	bagaid	—	bagad	bagas	bagad	bunch, cluster, band
bailc	bailc	—	balch	balgh	balc'h	proud, arrogant, strong
baile	baile	balley	beili	—	—	home, town, bailey
báisteach	baisteach	Bashtagh	—	—	—	rain, Baptist
balla	balla	boalley	gwal, wal	gwal	—	wall
bán	bàn	bane	bân†	—	—	white, fair
bainis	banais	bannish	—	—	—	wedding
—	—	—	balog	—	beleg	priest, leader
baoth	baoth	—	—	—	—	foolish, vain, giddy
—	—	—	bas	bas	baz	shallow
bás	bàs	basse	—	—	—	death
básaigh	bàsaich	geddyn basse	—	—	—	to die, dead
basc†	basc†	—	baich	begh	bec'h	load, burden
bascead	basgaid	basca(i)d, baskad	basgeg	basket	—	basket, pannier
beach	beach	—	—	—	—	bee, drone
béal	beul	beeal	—	—	—	lip, mouth
bearach	biorach	—	bustach (?)	—	—	bullock, heifer
béarla, Béarla	Beurla	Baarle	—	—	—	speech, English
béas	beus	beaoil	moes	—	boaz	habit, virtue, moral(ity)
—	—	—	bedd	bedh	bez	grave, ditch
béile	beil	—	—	—	—	meal, diet
beithíoch	beathach	baagh	—	—	—	animal, beast
biail	biail†	—	bwyell	bool	bouc'hal	axe, hatchet
bile	bile	billey	pill	—	pil	tree, mast, bush, trunk
biss†	—	—	bys	bys	biz	finger
—	—	—	biwro	buro	burev	bureau, office
blár	blàr	—	blawr	—	—	grey, pale-blue, white
—	—	—	blawd	bleus	bleud	flour
bleidmhíol†	bleidh-mhial	—	blaidd	bleydh	bleiz	wolf, sea monster
—	—	—	blew	blew	blev	hair, bristles
—	bòc	—	boch	bogh	boc'h	cheek, bloat
—	—	—	boda, bwncath	bargos	baou	buzzard
bog	bog	bog	—	—	boug	soft, tender
boilsceann	buillsgean	—	bogail, bogel	begel	begel	navel, centre, core
bolaigh	boladh	—	—	—	—	to taste, to smell
bonn	bonn	boyn	—	—	—	sole, base, foot
—	bòtann, bòtais, bùtais	bootys	bot(is), bwtias	botas	botez	boot, shoe
borr	bòrr	—	—	—	—	puffed up, swollen, proud
bóthar	bòthar	bayr	beudr	bownder	—	road, alley, lane
brac	brac	—	braich	bregh	brec'h	arm, hand
bradán	bradan	braddan	—	—	—	salmon
braon	braon	brey (?)	—	—	—	drop, drizzle
bran	bran	—	brân	bran	bran	crow, raven
bras	bras	—	bras	bras	bras	great, big, swift
brat	brat	brat	brat	—	brozh	cloak, mantle, skirt
bréag	breug	breag	—	—	—	lie, falsehood
—	—	—	brenin	bryntin, brentin	brientin	king, aristocrat
brí	bre†	—	bre	bre	bre	hill, mount, hillock, height
briathar	briathar	breear	brwydr	—	—	word, verb, battle
briocht	—	—	lled(f)rith	—	brith†	charm, spell, enchantment
briosc	brisg	brishlagh, brishtagh	—	—	bresk	brittle, fragile
bríste	briogais	breeçhyn	brits(h)	—	bragez, bragoù	trousers, breeches
—	—	—	brith	brith	brizh	speckled, variegated
—	—	—	brithyll	brithel	brezel	trout, mackerel
brá	bràigh	—	—	—	—	captive, hostage
bráid	bràid	—	breuant	briansen	breant	neck, throat, collar, trachea
bróg	bròg	braag	brog	—	—	shoe, boot
brollach	brollach	brollagh	—	—	—	breast, bosom
brón	bròn	bran	brwyn	—	—	sad
bruth	bruth	brooan	brwd	—	broud	hot, heat, rash
—	—	—	brwyn(en)	bronn(en)	broen(enn)	rush(es)
—	—	—	brydio	bryjyon	broudañ	to boil, to burn
—	—	—	buan	buan	buan	fast, lively, quick
buí	buidhe	bwee	—	—	—	yellow
buinne	—	—	ben	—	—	cart, wagon, wattle
bunadh	bunadh	bunneydagh	bonedd	—	—	origin, nobility, lineage
bus	bus	bus(s), barroose	bws	—	bus	bus
—	—	—	byson	bysow	bizou	ring, jewel
—	—	cabbyl yiarn	ceffyl haearn	—	—	bicycle, motorcycle
cadrán	—	—	cadarn	cadarn†	—	hard, strong
—	—	—	caer	ker	kaer	fort, town
caí†	—	—	cae	ke	kae	field, hedge
caib	caibe	kiebbey	caib	—	—	pickaxe, spade, dibble
—	caill†	—	caill	kell	kell	testicle
cailleach	cailleach	caillagh	—	—	—	old woman, hag, witch
cailleach oíche	cailleach-oidhche	caillagh oie	—	—	—	owl
cáin	càin	—	—	—	—	fine, tax, duty
caint	cainnt	caaynt	—	—	—	speech, to speak, talk
caithir	—	—	cedor	kedhoren	kezour	pubic hair, down
caladh	cala	calloo, callee	—	—	—	harbour, landing place
caladh	—	—	caled	kales	kalet	hard, stingy
—	—	—	callor, callawr	kalter	kaoter	cauldron, kettle, boiler
—	—	—	calon	kolon	kalon	heart, soul
cana	cana	—	cenau	—	—	cub, puppy, kitten
caoin	caoin	keain	cain	—	ken	tender, gentle, mild
caoch	caoch	kyagh	coeg	koog	—	one-eyed, blind
caol	caol	keyl	cul	kul	—	narrow
caomh	caomh	—	cu	kuv	kuñv	dear, gentle, sweet
caora	caora	keyrrey	caer†	—	—	sheep, ewe, roebuck
cas	cas	cast	—	—	—	curly, twisted, complicated,difficulty
casadh	casadh	cassey	—	—	—	to curl, twist, turn
casair	casair	—	cesair	keser	kazarc'h	hail
casca	casg	—	casg(en)	—	—	cask
—	—	—	caseg	kasek	kazeg	mare
casúr	casar	casoor	—	—	—	hammer
cathair	cathair	caayr	—	—	—	fortress, monastery, city
cealg	cealg	kialg	celc, celg	gil	—	treachery, guile, deceit
ceannaigh	ceannaich	chionnaghey	—	—	—	to buy, to purchase
cearc	cearc	kiark	—	—	—	hen, chicken
cearn	ceàrn	—	cern	korn	kern	corner, angle
ceart	ceart	kiart	certh	—	—	right, just, true
—	—	—	cefn	keyn	kein	back
—	—	—	cegin	kegin	kegin	kitchen
—	—	—	cegin	kegin	kegin, kegin-derv	jay, woodpecker
ceil	ceil	keill	cêl	kel	—	to hide, to conceal
ceirt	ceirt	—	perth	perth	—	rag, hedge, thicket
ceirt	ceirt	—	—	—	—	apple, Ogham letter ᚊ (q) [kw]
ceo	ceò	kay, kyeoh	—	—	—	fog, mist
—	—	—	cerdded	kerdhes	kerzhet	to walk
cét†	—	—	gan	gans	gant	with, by, together
—	—	—	chwech	hweg	c'hwek	sweet, delicate
—	—	—	chwerthin	hwerthin	c'hoarzhin	to laugh, to smile, to rejoice
—	—	—	chwilio	hwilas	holc’hiñ	to search, to seek
—	—	—	cinio	kinnyow	koanier	dinner, supper, to dinev
cinnteach	cinnteach	kinjagh	—	—	—	definite, certain, constant
cíor	cìr	kere	—	—	—	comb, crest, ridge
cíos	cìs	keesh	—	—	—	rent, tax, fine
ciotach	ciotach	kyttagh	chwith	—	—	left (handed)
cis, ciséan	cis, cisean, ciosan	kishan	—	—	—	basket, creel
cistin	cistin	kishteen	—	—	—	kitchen
cláirseach	clàrsach	claasagh	—	—	—	harp
clamhán	clamhan	clowan	—	—	—	buzzard
clár	clàr	claare	clawr	—	kleur	board, table, cover
clas	clas†	—	clas	—	—	choir melody cloister
cleacht	cleachd	claightey	—	—	—	custom, use, habit
cló	clò	clou	clo	—	klaou	bolt, lock, nail
cloichshneachta	clach-shneachd	claghyn sniaghtee	—	—	—	hail, hailstones
cloth	clòth†	—	clod	clos†	klod	fame, praise, renown
cluain	cluain	—	clun	—	—	meadow, pasture, moor
cluas	cluas	cleaysh	clust	—	—	ear
cnaí†	—	—	cnu(f)	knew	krew, kreoñ	fleece
cnámh	cnàimh	craue	cnaw	—	—	bone, skull
cneas	cneas	—	cnawd	kneus	kneud (?)	skin, flesh
céide	cèide	—	pant	pans	pant	hill(ock), hollow, slope
—	—	—	coch	coch, cough	—	red
codail	caidil	caddil	—	—	—	to sleep
—	—	—	coed, coeden	koos	koad	forest, wood, tree
cogadh	cogadh	caggey	—	—	—	war, fighting
cogar	cogar	—	cyngor	—	—	whisper, advice, counsel
coim	com	—	—	—	—	waist, chest, torso
cointinn	coinntinn	—	cynnen	—	—	contention, strife, dispute
coir	coire	—	caredd	cara†	karez	mistake, sin
cóir	còir	cair	cywair	—	—	just, rightful
cóiste	còidse, coidse, còiste, coiste	couch	coetsh, coets, coits	kocha	—	coach, carriage
coitean	coitcheann	cadjin	—	—	—	common, general, normal
—	comhachag	—	cuan	kowann, cowan	kaouenn	owl
colainn	colann	callin	celain	—	kelan	body, torso, corpse
collach	cullachcollach	collagh muc	ceilliog	—	kalloc'h	boar, hog, stallion
—	—	—	coludd	kolodhyon	kaouded	intestine, guts, heart
colum†	—	—	cwlwm	kolm, kolmen	skoulmoù, skoulm	knot
com	—	—	cwm	komm	komm	(deep) valley, coombe
comhar	coimheart	—	cymar	kespar	—	partner(ship), companion, spouse
comhdháil	còmhdhàil	coardail	cynhadledd	—	—	meeting, accord, conference
comhrún	co-rùn	—	cyfrin	kevrin	kevrin	secret, mystery
—	—	—	comio	kows, kewsel	komz, kaozeal	to speak, to say, to talk
cónaígh	còmhnaidh	cummal	—	—	—	to live, to grip
cora	caradh	—	cored	—	kored	weir, dam
corcra	corcar	—	porffor	purpur	pourpré	purple
cos	cas, cos	cass	coes	koos	—	leg, foot
cosc	casg	—	cosb	—	—	restraint, blocking, punishment
cosán	casan	cassan	—	—	—	path
cosúil	cosail	cosoylagh	cyhafal	kehaval	—	resembling, similar, alike
—	—	—	coth	koth	kozh	old (man), ancient
—	—	—	cramen	—	kramenn	scab, sore, crust
craobh	craobh	crouw	—	—	—	branch, tree, bush
—	creachag, creachann	craghan	cragen, crogen	krogen	krogenn	shell(s), scallop
crean	crean	—	prynu	prena	prenañ	to buy, to purchase, to obtain
creat	creat	creatlagh, crauelagh	creth	—	—	frame(work), crate, form
—	—	—	crëyr	—	*querhair	heron
—	—	—	cri	kriv	kriz	raw, crude
crodh	crodh	—	—	—	—	cattle, wealth, dowry
cróga	crògha	—	—	—	—	cruel, brave, bold
cró	crò	—	crau	krow	—	blood, gore
—	—	—	cragen, crogen	krogen	krogenn	shell(s)
cruach	cruaidh	creoighey	—	—	—	steel
cruinniú	cruinneachadh	cruinnaght	crynhofa	—	—	gathering, assembly
cruit	cruit	cruitçh	crwth	krowd	—	harp, crwth, fiddle
crúsca	crùisg	cruick	crwc	—	—	jug, jar, bucket, tub
cruth	cruth	croo	pryd	—	—	shape, form
—	—	—	crych	krygha	krec'h	ripple, wrinkle, curly
—	—	—	cryf	krev	kreñv	strong, forceful, solid
cúacca†	—	—	gwag	gwag	gwak	empty, soft, delicate
cuan	cuan	keayn	—	—	—	sea, ocean, harbour, bay
—	—	—	cuan	kowan	kaouenn	owl
cuarán	cuaran	carrane	cu(a)ran, cwaran	—	—	boot, sandal
cuas	cuas	—	cau	kew	kev	hollow, cavity, cave
—	—	—	cudd	kudh	kuzh	secret, hidden
cuibhreach	cuibhreadh	—	carrai	kevren	kevre	binding, fetter, fastening
cumar	comar	—	cymer	kemper	kember	ravine, confluence
—	—	—	cusan	kussyn	—	kiss
—	—	—	cwch	kok	kouc'h	boat, beehive
—	—	—	cwmwl	kommol	koumoul	fog, mist, cloud
—	—	—	cwsg	kosk	kousked	sleep, slumber
—	—	—	cwyn	kon	koan	dinner, supper
—	—	—	cyffylog	kevelek	kefeleg	woodcock
—	—	—	cyllell	kollell	kontell	knife
—	—	—	cynnull	kuntel	kuntuilh	collection, gathering, picking
—	—	—	cysgu	koska	kousket	to sleep
—	—	—	cywaith	koweth(es)	—	companion, comrade, friend
dáil	dàil	—	dadl	dadhel	dael	meeting, assembly, argument
damhna	damhna	—	defnydd	devnydh	danvez	matter, material, substance
dán	dàn	daan	dawn	—	donezon	poem, gift, faculty
dalta	dalta	doltey	—	—	—	foster child, pupil, disciple
—	—	—	danas	—	demm	(fallow) deer
daor	daor	deyr	—	—	—	servile, unfree, expensive
dara	dala	derrey	—	—	—	second
dath	dath	daah	—	—	—	colour, dye
dea-	deagh	—	da	da	da	good, well, pleasant
dealg	dealg	jialg	dala	delc†	—	needle, pin, sting
déan	dèan	jean	geni	—	—	to do, to make
dearg	dearg	jiarg	—	—	—	red
deiseal	deiseal	jeshal	—	—	—	clockwise, sunwise
deisceabal	deisgiobal	—	disgybl	dyskybel	diskibl	disciple, pupil
—	—	—	deurod(ur)	diwros	—	bicycle
dinnéar	dinnear	jinnair	—	—	—	dinner
díog	dìg	jeeg	—	—	—	ditch, dike, trench
—	—	—	diogel	diogel	diogel	safe, secure, sure
díon	dìon	jeen	—	—	—	protection, waterproof, roof
díreach	dìreach	jeeragh	—	—	—	straight, direct
—	—	—	disgyn	diyskynna, skynnya	diskenn	to descend
dlí	dlighe	—	dyled	—	dlead	law, debt, duty
dochtúir	dotair	doghtoor	doethur, doethor	doktour	—	doctor, physician, teacher
—	—	—	dod, dyfod	dos	donet	to come
doineann	doineann	dorrin	—	—	—	stormy weather, storm, tempest
doirb	doirb	durrag	—	—	—	worm, larva, beetle
dóthain	daothain	saie	—	—	—	enough, sufficiency
domhan	domhan	dowan	dwfn, dyfn	—	—	world, earth, universe
dona	dona	donney	—	—	—	bad, unfortunate
donn	donn	dhone	dwn	—	—	brown, dun
dorcha	dorcha	dorraghey	—	—	—	dark(ness), obscure
—	—	—	—	dowrlam	lamm-dour	waterfall
—	—	—	draenog	—	draeneg	hedgehog
dreach	dreach	dreagh	drych	—	derch†	look, aspect, expression, face
droichead	drochaid	droghad	—	—	—	bridge
droim	druim	dreeym	—	—	—	back, ridge
druil	dril(e)	drilley	drill	—	—	drill
drúth	drùth	—	drud	drudh	—	fool, dear, cherished
duais	duais	—	—	—	—	gift, prize, reward
duileasc	duileasg	dullish	delysg	—	tellesk	dulse (Palmaria palmata)
dul	dol	goll	—	—	—	to go
—	—	—	dwyn	don	dougen	to lead, bear, carry
—	—	—	—	dybri	debriñ	to eat
éacht	euchd	—	aeth	—	—	slaugher, exploit, pain
eachtra	eachtradh	—	eithr	—	—	episode, adventure, outside
éadan	aodann	eddin	—	—	—	font, face, facade
éadrom	aotrom	eddrym	—	—	—	light, frivolous
éadromaigh	aotromaich	eddrymaghey	—	—	—	to lighten
éag	eug	—	angau	ankow	ankow	dead, death, deceased
eagla	eagal	aggle	—	—	—	fear, horror
eallach	eallaidh	ollagh	—	—	—	cattle, cow
earc	earc	—	erch	—	—	mottled, speckled
eas	eas	assag	—	—	—	stoat, weasel
—	—	—	eang	efan	—	wide, broad
eas	eas	eas	—	—	—	waterfall
éasca	èasga	eayst	—	—	—	moon
eascann	easgann	astan	—	—	—	eel
—	—	—	ehedydd, hedydd	evidit†, ahwesydh	ehuedez†, alc'hweder	(sky)lark
—	—	—	eidion	ojyon	ejon	bullock, heifer
éigh	èigh	eie	—	—	—	to cry (out), shout, call
éiligh	eile†	—	wylo	ola	gouelañ	to cry, to weep, claim, prayer
eire	eire	errey	arau	—	—	load, burden
eitleán	itealan	etlan	—	—	—	aeroplane, aircraft
eitre	eitre	eerey	rhych	—	reg	furrow, trench
eo	eòeog	—	eog	eghek	eog	salmon
eorna	eòrna	oarn	—	—	yell	barley, spelt
—	—	—	esgid	eskis	—	shoeboot
—	—	—	esgyn	ascendya, yskynna	—	to ascend
esna	asna	asney	ais	asownn	—	rib
—	—	—	estron	estren	estren	foreign, strange
—	—	—	ewig	ewik	—	deer, hart, stag
fabhcún	faolchon	—	ffawcwn, ffawlcwn	falghun	falc'hun	falcon, hawk
fad	fad	foddid	—	—	—	length, distance, duration
fada	fada	foddey	—	—	—	long, far, tall
fadhb	fadhb	uddan	oddf	—	—	knot, lump, problem
fáigh	fàidh	fadeyr	gwawd	—	—	seer, prophet, poem
fáinleog, áinleog	fainnleag, ainnleag	—	gwennol	gwennol	gwennel	swallow, martin
fáinne	fàinne	fainey	—	—	—	ring, circle, coil
—	fàl	faayl, foll	pâl	pal	pal	scythe, spade, shovel
fadhbh	fadhbh	—	gwddf, gwddw(g)	—	gouzoug	plunder, throat, neck
fairged†	—	—	gwneud	gul	ober	to do, to make
fann	fann	—	gwan	gwann	gwan	weak, feeble
faol	faol	filliu	—	—	—	wolf, wild dog
farraige	fairge	faarkey	—	—	—	sea, ocean
fás	fàs	faase	—	—	—	empty
fé†	—	—	gwialen	gwelen	gwial, gwalenn	rod(s), cane, pole
feadhain	feadhain	fwirran	gwedd	—	—	band, team, yoke, harness
féan	feun	fainagh	—	—	—	wagon, cart, chariot
feannóg	feannag	fannag	—	—	—	crow, rook
feic	faic	faik	—	—	—	to see, to be
feoil	feòil	feill	—	—	—	flesh, meat
—	—	—	ffynnon	fenten	feunteun	spring, fountain, well
fia	fiadh	feeaih	—	—	—	deer
fiach	fitheach	feeagh	gwyach	—	—	raven, grebe, crake
fial	fial	feoilt	gŵyl	—	—	modest, seemly
fiar	fiar	—	gŵyr	gwarr	gwar	crooked, bent, curve
file	filidh	feelee	—	—	—	seer, poet
fine	fine	—	—	—	gouenn	family, tribe, race
fios	fios	fys	gwŷs	—	—	knowledge, information
fliuchadh	fliuchadh	fliaghey	—	—	—	rain, wetting
flúr	plùr	flooyr	—	—	—	flour, flower
fobhar	—	—	gofer	gover	gou(v)er	stream
focal	facal	fockle	gwaethl	—	—	word, debate
fochraig	—	—	gwobr	gober	gopr	prize, reward, fee
foïd†	—	—	aros	gortos	ober	to wait, stay
fodaim†	—	—	goddef(af)	godhav	gouzañv	to suffer, to endure to tolerate
fóinteach	—	—	gweinidog	gonisek	gounideg	servant, minister, farmer
folamh	falamh	follym	—	—	—	empty
folc(tha)	—	—	golchi	golhi	gwalc'hiñ	to wash
forc	forca	—	fforc	forgh	forc'h	fork
forás	foras	—	ffordd	fordh	—	street, alley, highway, journey, growth
foraois	forraist	—	fforest	—	—	forest, timber, park
fos	fos	—	ffos	fos	foz	wall, butress, ditch
fosadh	fosadh	—	gwastad	gwastas	gou(e)stad	stay, respite, flat, slow
foss†	—	—	gwas	gwas	gwaz	servant, boy, husband
fostaigh	fastaigh	—	paratoi	provia	prientiñ	to catch, to hire, to prepare
frac†	—	—	gwrach	gwragh	gwrac'h	old woman, hag, witch
—	—	—	ffraeth	freth	fraezh	fluent, eloquent
—	—	—	ffrwyth	frothen	frouezh	fruit
fuaigh	fuaigh	fuailley	—	—	—	to sew, to stitch, to mend
fuar	fuar	feayr	oer	oor	—	cold
fuath	fuath	feoh	—	—	—	fearful, horror, terror
fuirigh	fuirich	fariagh	—	—	—	to stay, to abide
fuiseog	uiseag	ushag	—	—	—	(sky)lark, bird
fuither†	—	—	gwydr	gweder	gwer	glass
fulaing	fulaing	fuillagh	—	—	—	to suffer, to tolerate, to endure
gabhlán, gabhlán gaoithe	gòbhlan, gobhlan-gaoithe	gollan, gollan geayee	—	—	—	swallow, swift, martin
gadhar	gadhar	—	—	—	—	beagle, hunting dog
gairr†	—	—	gar	garr	gar	leg, shank, thigh
galba	galba	—	gylfin	gelvin	golv	beak, nose
—	—	—	gallu	gallos	gallout	to be able to
gamhain	gamhainn	gauin	—	—	—	calf
gan	gun	gyn	—	—	ken	without, otherwise
gaol	gaol	goall	—	—	—	relationship, kinship, affection, love
gaoth	geodha	giau	—	—	—	inlet, estuary, cove
gaoth	gaoth	geay	—	—	—	wind
—	—	—	garan	garan	garan	crane, heron
garg	garg	garg	—	—	—	rough, acrid, bitter
gealach	gealach	giallagh	—	—	—	moon
gearrán	gearran	g(i)arran	—	—	—	gelding, pack-horse, nag
geimheal	geamhal, geimheal	geuley	gefyn	—	—	fetter, shackle, chain
geir	geir	geirr	gwêr	—	—	fat, tallow, grease
giall	giall	—	gwefl	gwelv†	gweol†	jaw, lip
gion	gion	—	gên	gen	gen	mouth, jaw, cheek, chin
giorria	geàrr, gearrach, gearra(i)dh	—	—	—	—	hare
giúrann	giùran	—	gwyran	—	goirann†	barnacle (goose)
—	—	—	glaw	glaw	glav	rain
glean	—	—	glynu	glena	gludañ	to stick, to glue, to adhere
glór	glòr	glare	—	—	—	voice, speech
glé	glè†	—	gloyw	gluw	gloev	clear, bright, pure
gnáth	gnàth	—	gnawd	gnas	gnot†	custom, habit, quality
gníomnh	gnìomh	—	gnif	gonis	niñv	action, deed, toil
gnúis	gnùis	grooish	gnis	greuv	—	face, brow, jaw
gob	gob	gob	—	—	—	beak, bill, point
—	—	—	gogledd	gogledh	gougleiz, gouglez	left, north
goirt	goirt	gort	—	—	—	salted, sore, bitter
—	—	—	golau	golow	gouloù	light, bright, fair
gort	gort	—	garth	orth	garz	field, garden, enclosure, hedge, plain
grá	gràdh	graih	—	—	—	love, affection, fondness, charity
gráigh	gràdhaich	graihaghey	—	—	—	to love
gráinneog	gràineag	graynoge	—	—	—	hedgehog
grean, grian	grean	—	graean	—	—	grit, gravel
grian	grian	grian	—	—	—	sun
grineall	grinneal	grineen	—	—	—	sea bed, gravel, grit
griothal	grothal	—	gro	grow	grouan	gravel, shingle
grua	gruaidh	gruaie	grudd	grudh	—	cheek, brow, jaw
gruaig	gruag	gruag	—	—	—	hair
gualainn	guaille, gualann	geaylin	—	—	—	shoulder
gúna	gùn	gooyn	gŵn	gun†	—	gown, dress, frock
guth	guth	goo	—	—	—	voice, word, reputation
—	—	—	gwaed	goos	gwad	blood
—	—	—	gwaeth	gweth	gwazh	worse
—	—	—	gwenynen	gwenenen	gwenanenn	(honey) bee
—	—	—	gwiber, colwiber	—	wiber, naerwiber	snake, adder, viper
—	—	—	gwyrdd	gwyrdh, gwer	gwer	green
—	—	—	had	has	had	seed
—	—	—	hafar	havar	hañvesk (?)	summer fallow
—	—	—	hanner	hanter	hanter	half
hata	ad	edd	het	hatt, het	—	hat
héileacaptar	heileacoptair	—	helicopter	—	helikopt(a)er	helicopter
—	—	—	hiraeth	hireth	hiraezh	longing, homesick(ness), melancholy
—	—	—	hoedl	hoedel†	hoal	life(time)
sibal(l)†	—	—	hual	fual†	hual	fetter, shackle
—	—	—	huan	—	huon	sun, eye
—	—	—	hud	hud	hud	magic
—	—	—	hwrdd	hordh	(h)ourz	ram
i ndiaidh	an dèidh	jei	—	—	—	after
—	—	—	iain	yeyn	yen	cold, freezing, icy
iasc	iasg	eeast	wysg	—	—	fish
icht†	—	—	iaith	yeth	yezh	language, people
imleacán	ilmeag	imleig	—	—	—	navel, belly button
inbhear	inbhir	inver	—	—	—	river mouth, estuary, confluence
inchinn	eanchainn	—	ymennydd	ympynnyon	empenn	mind, brain
iníon	nighean	inneen, 'neen	—	—	—	daughter, girl
intinn	inntinn	inçhyn	—	—	—	brain
ionad	ionad	ynnyd	—	—	—	place, site, location, centre
íoróin	ìoran(t)as	—	eironi	—	ironiezh	irony
ith	ith	ee	ysu	esat†	—	to eat
—	—	—	iwrch	yorgh	yourc'h	roe-deer
lá	latha	laa	—	—	—	day
—	lagh	leigh	—	—	—	law, respect
láib	làban	—	—	loub	—	mire, mud, slime
láidir	làidir	lajer	—	—	—	strong, powerful
—	—	—	llaith	leyth	leizh	damp, humid, moist
lax†	—	—	llaes	lows	laosk	loose, slack, lax
lacha	lach	laagh	—	—	—	duck
láir	làir	laair	—	—	—	mare
lámhainn	làmhainn	lauean	—	—	—	glove
—	—	—	—	lavrek	lavreg	trousers
le	le	lesh	—	—	—	with, by
leamh	leamh	—	—	—	loir†	weak, soft
leáigh	leagh	lheie	—	—	—	to melt, to thaw, to disolve
lean	lean	lhian(t)	llynu	—	—	to follow, to pursue, to infect
leanbh	leanabh	lhiannoo	—	—	—	child, baby, infant
leas	leas	lhiass	lles	les	—	advantage, benefit, welfare
leastar	leastar	—	llestr	lester	lestr	vessel, ship, cup, vase
leann	—	—	llen	len	lenn	cloak, mantle, curtain
léann	léigheann	—	llên	lien	lenn	to read, reading, literature, learning
lear	lear	—	llŷr	—	—	sea, ocean, channel
leiceann	lethcheann	lieckan	—	—	—	cheek
léigh	leugh	lhaih	lleaf, lleu	—	—	to read, literature
leitir	leitir	—	—	—	—	hillside, slope
léine	lèine	lheiney	—	—	—	shirt, tunic, girdle
leor	leòr	liooar	llawer	lowr	—	many, enough
lia	lèigh, lighiche	lhee	—	—	—	doctor, healer, physician
ligh	ligh	liee	llyfu	—	leat	to lick
lios	lios	—	llys	lis	lez	ringfort, court, fairy mound
líth	lì	—	—	—	lid	festival, prosperity, ceremony
—	—	—	llanerch	lannergh	lanneg	glade, clearing, pasture
—	—	—	llawen	lowen, lowenek	laouen	happy, merry
—	—	—	llef	lev	leñv†	shout, cry, voice
—	—	—	lleuen	louen†	laouenn	louse
—	—	—	lloer	loor	loar	moon
los	los	—	llost	lost	lost	tail, purpose, end
—	—	—	llygad	lagas	lagad	eye
—	—	—	llysywen, 'slywen	sylli	silienn	eel
loarn†	—	—	llewyrn	lowarn	louarn	fox
lobhar	lobhar	lourane	llwfr	—	lovr	weak, cowardly, leper
loingeas	loingeas	lhuingys	llynges	—	—	ships, fleet, navy
lon, lon dubh	lon, lòn-dubh	lhondoo, lhonnag	—	—	—	blackbird, thrush, ouzel
lón	lòn	—	—	—	—	food, repast, lunch
long	long	lhong	llong	—	—	ship, vessel
longach	longadh	lhongey	—	—	—	meal, consuming, sustenance
lonn	lonn	—	llon	—	—	merry, fierce, bold
—	loth	lhiy	llwdn	lodn	loen	filly, colt, animal, bullock
luchair	luchair	leaghyryn	—	—	—	rushes
luaidhe	luaidhe	leoaie	—	—	—	lead
luas	lùthas	laueys	—	—	—	speed, earliness
luasc	lusag	leaystey	llusg	—	lusk	swing(ing). rocking, dragging
luath	luath	leah	lleygys, lleiges	—	—	quick, fast, early, soon
luí†	—	—	llyw	lew	levier	rudder, pilot
lugimem†, lugam†	—	—	lleia(f)	lyha	leham†	least, minimal
luibhghort	—	—	lluarth	lowarth	liorzh	(kitchen) garden, park
luigh	laigh	lhie	—	—	—	to lie, to lay, to lean
mac léinn	mac-léighinn†	—	—	—	—	student
macasamhail	mac-samhail	macsoyley	—	—	—	like(ness), similar, instance
machaire	machair	magher	magwyr	—	moger	plain, field, wall
macdhacht	—	—	machdaith	maghteth	matez	maid(en), servant, girl
madain	madainn	maddin, madjin	—	—	—	morning
madra rua	madadh-ruadh	—	—	—	—	fox
madra uisce	madadh-uisge	moddey ushtey	—	—	—	otter, beaver
madra, madadh	madadh	moddey	madyn, madog	—	—	dog, fox
magairle	magairle	maggle	—	—	—	testicle
—	—	—	magu	maga	magañ	to raise, feed, nurture
maide	maide	maidjey	—	—	—	stick, wood, pole
—	maigheach	mwaagh	—	—	—	hare
maighean	—	—	maen	men	maen	stone, place
mair	mair	—	—	—	—	to live
mala	mala	mollee	—	—	malvenn	eyebrow, eyelid, eyelash
mall	mall	moal	—	—	—	slow, late
mainaches†	—	—	mynaches	managhes	manac'hez	nun
matal	mantal	—	mantell	mantel	mantell	mantle, cloak
mathúin	mathan	maghouin	—	—	—	bear
meabhraitheoir	—	—	myfyriwr	—	—	student, thoughtful person
mear	mear	merre	miri	meri	—	quick, fast, lively
méar	meur	mair	—	—	—	finger, toe
measa	miosa	messey	—	—	—	worse
meath	meath	—	meth	meth	mezh	decay, failure, shame, disgrace
—	—	—	mechdeyrn, mychdeyrn, machdeyrn	metern, myghtern	machtiern†	king
medb†	—	—	meddw	medhow	mezv	intoxicating, drunk, intoxicated
meirbh	meirbh	—	merf	—	—	languid, slender, insipid
meirg	meirg	mergey, mergid	merydd	—	mergl	rust, corrision, sluggish
—	—	—	melyn	melyn	melen	yellow, blonde
midach†	—	—	meddyg	medhek	mezeg	doctor
milis	milis	millish	melys	melys	—	sweet
míol mór	mial-mhór	meeyl mooar	—	—	—	whale, sea monster
—	—	—	megin	megin‰	megin	bellows
—	—	—	min	min	min	lip, mouth, pout
minic	minig	mennick	mynych	menowgh	—	frequent, often
minseach	minnseag, minnseach	minjagh	—	—	—	nanny goat
mionn	mionn	mian	man	—	—	oath, curse, wish, spot
miotóg, mitín	miotag	—	miten, mitin	—	miton	mitten, glove
moch	moch	mogh	moch	meuch†	—	early, soon
mogh	mogh	—	meudwy	maw	—	bondman, slave, hermit, boy
móid	mòid	—	—	—	—	vow, oath, promise
moirb†	—	—	morgrugyn, mor, mŷr, myrr	moryon	merion	ant
mol	mol	moyl	moli	—	meuliñ	to praise
mol	mol, feairisid	mul	—	—	—	hub, axle, nave
moncaí	moncaidh, muncaidh	—	mwnci, mynci, monci	—	—	monkey
mongach	muingeach	mwingagh	myngog	—	moueek	maned, long-haired
—	—	—	morthwyl	morthol	morzhol	hammer
muin	muin	—	mŵn	—	mun†	(upper) back, neck
muineál	muineal	mwannal	mwnwg(l), mynwgl	—	—	neck
muinithir†	—	—	mynd	mos	monet	to go
muintir	muinntir	mooinjer	—	—	—	household, folk, family
muirm(h)il†	—	—	morfil	morvil	morvil	whale, fish
mullach	mullach	mullagh	—	—	—	top, roof
múr	mùr	—	mur	—	mur	wall
náire	nàire	nearey	—	—	—	shame, disgrace, emabarrassment
namhaid	nàmhaid	noid	—	—	—	enemy, foe, adversary
—	—	—	nant	nans	ant	stream
naomh	naomh	noo	—	—	—	saint, holy, sacred
nasc	naisg	naisht	—	—	naskañ	to bind, to fasten
neach	neach	—	neb	neb	neb	person, (some)one, no-one
neacht	nigh	—	nith	nith, noyth	nizh	niece, daughter
neas	neas	—	nes	nes	nes	approximate, while, near(er), close
nigh	nigh	niee	—	—	—	to wash
nimh	nimh	nieu	—	—	—	poison, venom
nó	no, neo	ny	neu	—	nou†	(n)or, (n)either
nocht	nochd	—	noeth	noth	noazh	naked, bare
nocht†	—	—	nos	nos	noz	night
nod	nòd	—	nod	nos	not	note, mark, symbol
núna†	nuna†	—	newyn	nown	naoun	hunger, starvation, famine
ogham	ogham	ogham	ogam	—	—	Ogham
oide	oide	gegjey	—	—	—	foster-father, teacher, tutor
oighear	eigh	—	iain	yeyn	yen	frost, ice
oileán	eilean	ellan	—	—	—	island
olc	olc	olk	—	—	—	evil, bad
—	—	—	olhau	holya	heulian	to follow, to trace
ollamh	ollamh	olloo	—	—	—	master, professor
ól	òl	oyl	—	—	—	to drink
oráid	òraid	oraid	arawt	areth	—	speech, lecture, oration, prayer
ord	òrd	oard	gordd	—	horzh	hammer
ortha	ortha	—	—	—	—	incantation, spell, charm
os	os	—	ych	oghen	oc'hen	ox, deer
paidir	paidir	padjer	—	—	—	prayer, devotion, paternoster
pailliún	pàillean	paal(an)	—	—	pavilhon	pavilion, tent
páiste	pàiste	paitçhey	—	—	—	child, infant
—	—	—	parod	parys	pared	ready, convenient, cooked
paróiste	parasite	—	—	—	—	parish
peall	peall	—	pall	pall	—	pelt, skin, blanket, cloak
—	—	—	pau	pow	pou†	country, land, region
—	—	—	pell	pell	pell	far, disant, long
—	—	—	pen-glin, pen-lin	penn glin, pedn glin	penn-glin	knee
—	—	—	pendefig	pennsevik, pednsyvik	pinvidik	chief, prince, rich
—	—	—	peri	—	parañ	to create, to make, to fix
píce	pìc	—	pig	pig	pik	pickaxe, pike, peak
—	—	—	pigell	pigell	pigell	goad, hoe, mattock
piosa	pìos	peesh	—	pis	—	piece, bit
piseog	pisreag	pishag	—	pystri	—	charm, spell, magic, sorcery
pitséar	pidsear	—	pis(i)er	pycher	picher	pitcher, jug
—	plèana	plane	plên	—	—	aeroplane
—	—	—	plwyf	pluw	ploue	parish, countryside
—	—	—	plyg	pleg	pleg	bend, fold, crease
—	—	—	plygu	plegya	plegañ	to bend, to fold, to crease
pís†	—	—	pwys	poos	pouez	weight, heavy, important
—	—	—	pobi	pobas	pobat	to bake
—	—	—	poeth	pooth	poazh	hot, cooked
—	—	—	pont	pons	pont	bridge
—	—	—	porchell	porghel	porc'helleg	piglet, sow
—	—	—	porth	porth	porzh	portal, door, gate, courtyard
pós(adh)	pòs(aidh)	poose, phoosey	—	—	—	to marry
—	—	—	priod	pries	pried	married, spouse, peculiar, special, proper
príosún	prìosan	pryssoon	—	prison	prizon	prison
—	—	—	pryd	prys	pred	time, moment
puball	pùball	—	pabell	pabel	pabell	tent, pavilion
—	—	—	pysgod	pysk, pesk	pesked	fish
ramhar	reamhar	roauyr	rhef	—	—	fat, thick, stout
rásúr	ràsar	rhesar, razor	r(h)asel, rasal	—	razher	razor
ráth	ràth	raah	—	—	—	rampart, ring-fort
reacht	reachd	—	rhaith	reyth	reizh	law, decree, regular, right
righin	righinn	reen	rhain	—	—	tough, hard(y), stiff
rogaid†	—	—	rhoi	ri, rei	reiñ	to stretch, to give
rothar	rothair	roar	—	—	—	bicycle
ré	raon	rheam	—	—	run	field, garden, enclosure, hedge, plain
re	ri	rish	—	—	—	with, to, against, as
réidh	rèidh	rea	rhwydd	—	rouez	easy, even, ready
réilig	réilig, réileag	ruillick, rhullick	—	—	—	graveyard, ossuary
reithe	reithe	rea	—	—	—	ram
—	—	—	rhyd	rys	red	ford
—	—	—	rhydd	rydh	rid†	free, cheap
rí	ruighe	roih	—	—	—	forearm, arm
riagh	rag	rag	—	—	reut	rigid, stiff, rack
rian	rian	rane	—	—	—	course, path, method, river
rian	rian	rane	—	—	—	course, path, method, river
riathar	—	—	rhaeadr	—	—	waterfall, torrent
ród	rathad	raad	rhawd	—	roud	road, course, route
ríomh	rìomh†	—	rhif, cyfrif	riv	riñv	number, to count
rópa	ròp(a)	—	rhaff	—	—	rope, cord, string
ruathar	ruathar	—	rhuth(y)r	—	—	rush, attack, onslaught
sá	saidh	seiy	said	—	—	beam, stick, hilt
sabhall	sabhal	soalt	—	—	—	barn, granary
—	—	—	safn	stevnik	staon	mouth, jaws, palate
sagart	sagart	saggyrt	—	—	—	priest
sáigh	sàth	saih	—	—	—	to stab, to thrust
saill	saill	sahll	—	—	—	salted meat, fat, blubber
sáith	sàth	saie	—	—	—	sufficiency, fill
saithe	saithe	—	haid	hes	hed	swarm, flock, herd
sámh	sàimh	—	—	—	—	peace, tranquility, rest
sámhach	sàmhach	—	—	—	—	silent, quiet, calm
Samhain	Samhain	Sauin, Souney	—	—	—	Halloween, November
—	—	—	samonsamwn	sowman	somon	salmon
sanas	sanas	sannish	hanes	hanas	—	whisper, history, secret
saoi	saoidh	—	syw	—	—	master, expert, excellent
saol	saoghal	seihll	—	—	—	world, existence, lifetime
saor	saor	seyr	—	—	—	free, cheap
saor	saor	seyr	saer	ser	—	craftsman, carpenter, mason
—	—	—	sarff	serpont, sarf	sarpant	snake, serpent
sásaigh	sàsaich	saiaghey, saasaghey	—	—	—	to staisfy, to sate
—	—	saveeney	huno	—	—	to sleep, slumber
scamall	sgòth	—	—	—	—	cloud
scamhógach	sgamhanach	scowanagh	ysgyfeinaidd, ysgyfeiniol	—	skevent	pulmonary
scáthán	sgàthan	scaane	—	—	—	mirror
sceimheal	sgibheal	—	(y)sgafell	skavel	skabell	eaves, shelf, bench, stool
scian	sgian	skyeen	ysgïen, sgien	—	skejañ	knife, to sever
scinn	sginn	skioot	ysgein(i)o	—	—	to spring (forth), to gush, to disperse
scíth	sgìth	skee	—	skwith, skith	skuizh	tired(ness), weary, rest
scornach	sgòrnan	scoarnagh	—	—	—	throat, mouth
scréachóg, scréachóg choille	sgreuchag, sgreuchag-choille	screeaghag, screeaghag cheylley	sgrechog, (y)sgrech y coed	—	—	jay
scrín	sgrìn	—	(y)sgrîn	skrin	skrin	screen, shrine
sealbh	sealbh	shelloo	(h)elw	—	—	luck, fortune, profit
seicheamh	—	—	—	sewya	—	to follow, to pursue
seithe	seiche	sheh	—	—	—	skin, hide, pelt
—	sgiarnag	—	ysgyfarnog, sgyfarnog	skovarnek	scouarnec	hare, long-eared
séad	séad	—	hynt	hens, hyns	hent	path, way, course, road
seachtain	seachdain	shiaghtin	—	seythen	sizhun	week
séad, seoid	seud	—	chwant	hwans	c'hoant	desire, jewel
seada	—	—	syth	syth, seth	—	straight, direct, slender
seal	seal	shayll	chwŷl	—	hoal	turn, while
seall	seall	shilley	syll	—	sellout	eye, glance, stare, gaze
seam	sèam	sheaym	hem	—	—	rivet, peg
seangán	seangan	sniengan	—	—	—	ant
searc	seirc	—	—	—	—	love
searrach	searrach	sharragh	—	—	—	foal
seasamh	seasamh	shassoo	—	—	—	standing
seathar†	seathar†	—	hydr	hardh	her	strong, brave, bold
séd†	—	—	hydd	hedh	heizez	stag, hart, deer
—	—	—	segur	syger	sigur	idle, lazy, slow
seileán	seillean	shellan	—	—	—	bee
seill	seill	sahll	—	—	—	fat, blubber, suet
ser†	—	—	sêr	ster	ster	river, star
—	—	—	serth	serth	serzh	steep, stiff, robust
sinsear	sinnsear	shinney	—	—	—	senior, elder, ancestor
—	sgìre	skeerey, skylley	—	—	—	parish
—	siabhann	sheeabin	sebon	sebon	soavon	soap, flattery
síon	sian	—	hin	hin	hinon	(stormy) weather, climate
—	sicir	shickyr	sicr, siŵr	sur	segur	sure, cetain, shrewd
síobán	siaban	—	—	—	—	(spin)drift, sand-drift
sine	sine	sbeeiney	—	—	—	nipple, teat
sionnach	sionnach, seannach	shynnagh	—	—	—	fox
siúil	siubhail	shooill	—	—	—	to walk
sith-†	—	—	hyd	hes	hed	length, long, extent
slaidh	—	slaigh	lladd(af)	ladha	lazhañ	to smite, to kill, to slay
slaod	slaod	sleayd	—	—	—	layer, raft, trudge
sleá	sleagh	shleiy	—	—	—	spear, lance
slí	slighe	sleayd	—	—	—	path, track, offspring
sliabh	sliabh	slieau	—	—	—	mountain, moorland, hillside
sliasaid	sliasaid	shleayst	—	—	—	thigh, leg
slige	slige	shlig	—	—	—	shell, hull, scale
sliocht	sliochd	sluight	llwybr	—	—	path, track, section, offspring
sluasaid	sluasaid	sleayst	—	—	—	shovel, spade
—	smarach, (lad)	—	merch	myrgh	merc'h	daughter, girl
smólach	smeòrach, smèarach, smaolach	—	mwyalch	molgh, molgh dhu	moualc'h, moualc'h zu	blackbird, thrush, ouzel
snaidhm	snaidhm	sniem	nadd	—	nascañ	knot, carving, hinder
sneách	sneadhach	snie(n)gagh	neddog	—	nezek	full of nits nitty
sneachta	sneachd	sniaghtey	nyf	—	—	snow
soc	—	—	hwch	hogh	ho(u)c'h	sow, pig, swine
sona	sona	sonney	—	—	—	happy, merry
sonn	sonn	—	ffon	—	—	stake, post, stick
spéir	speur	speyr	sffêr	—	sfer, sphère	sky, sphere
spúnóg	spàin	spein	—	—	—	spoon
—	stàilinn	staillin	—	—	—	steel
stoirm	stoirm	sterrym	(y)storm	—	—	storm
—	stuidear	studeyr	ystudiwr	studhyer	studier	student, scholar, academic
—	stuth	stoo	stwff	stoff	—	material, stuff, substance
suaineamh	sìoman	saineen	—	—	—	rope, cord, thong
súgán	sùgan	suggane	—	—	—	(straw) rope
—	—	—	swyddfa	sodhva	—	office
—	—	—	swyf	soov	soav	tallow, fat, grease
—	—	—	sych	sygh, segh	sec'h	dry
—	—	—	syfrdan	sowdhan	saouzan	stunned, confusion, surprise
—	—	—	syfrdanu	sowdhanas	saouzanan	to stupefy, to amaze, to be confused
—	—	—	sychu	segha	sec'hañ	to dry
tábhairne	tabhairn	—	tafarn	tavern	tavarn	tavern, pub
—	—	—	tad	tas	tad	father
táilliúir	tàillear	thalhear	teiliwr	—	tailher	tailor
tairne	tàirng, tarrag, tarrang	treiney	—	—	—	nail, spike, pin
tál	tàl	taal	—	—	—	adze
talamh	talamh	thalloo	—	—	—	ground, earth, land
téad	teud	tead	tant	—	tant	rope, cord, string
taoiseach	toiseach	toshiagh	tywysog	—	toguisoc†	chief, leader, prince
tapa	tapadh	tappee	—	—	—	quick, fast, cleverness
tar, tig	thig	tar, çheet	—	—	—	to come
—	—	—	tarddu	tardha	tarzhañ	to spring, to burst, to explode
tarracóir	tractar	—	tractor	—	trakteur	tractor
tart	tart	taart	tarth	—	—	thirst, dryness, mist
te	teth	çheh	—	—	—	heat
tearmann	tèarmann	—	terfyn	—	—	santuary, refuge, boundary
—	—	—	teg	teg	tek	fair, beautiful, just
téigh	tèid	—	ardwy†	—	—	to go
teimheal	—	—	tywyll	tew(a)l	teñval	darkness, gloom
teinn	—	—	tam	tamm	tamm	to cut, morsel, chunk
—	—	—	teth	teth	tezh	nipple, teat
—	—	—	tewi	tewel	tevel	to be silent, to be quiet
thuaidh	tuath	twoaie	—	—	—	left, north
tinne	teine, tinne	—	glastannen	glastanen	tann(enn)	oak, holm oak, gorse, whin, furze
tirim	tioram	çhirrym	—	—	—	dry
tláith	tlàth	—	tlawd	—	—	weak, mild, poor
tobar	tobar	tubbyr	—	—	—	source, well, spring
—	—	—	tawdd	teudh	teuz	molten, melting
tile	dèile	deal	—	—	—	board, plank
—	—	—	toddi	teudha, teudhi	teuziñ	to thaw, to melt
tóin	tòn	thoyn toinn	tin	tin	—	bottom buttocks breech
tom	tom	tom	tom	—	—	hillock, knoll, mound
tongaid†	tuinge	—	twng	ti	tou	oath, vow
tonn	tonn	—	ton	ton†	tonn	surface, land, skin
tonna	tunn	tun	twn, tunnell	tonnel†	—	tun, barrel, cask
tonóg	tunnag	thunnag	—	—	—	duck
torc	torc	—	twrch	torgh	tourc'h	wild boar, hog
torrach	torrach	torragh	torrog	torrek	—	pregnant, fertile, swollen
trácht	—	—	traeth	treth	traezh	beach, shore, sand
tráth	tràth	traa	trawd(d)	trad	—	time, hour, course, way
treibh	treabh, treubh	—	tre(f)	trev	trev	town, house, farmstead
—	—	—	trigio, godrig(af)	triga	guotric†	to live, to remain
tríocha	trichead	treead	—	—	tregont	thirty
triomaigh	tiormaich	chyrmaghey	—	—	—	to dry
—	—	—	trist	trist	trist	sad
triuch	triuch	truh	—	—	—	whooping cough
triús	triubhas	troosyn	trywsus, trowsus, trywser	—	—	trousers
—	—	—	tro	tro	tro	rotation, cycle, surround
—	—	—	troi	troyllya	treiñ	to turn, spin
troid	trod	troddan	—	—	—	fight, quarrel
trom	trom	trome	trwm	trom†	—	heavy
trosc†	trosc†	—	trwsgl	trosgan	trousk	awkward, clumsy, scabs
trucail	truga, truca	truck	tryc	—	—	truck, lorry, barrow
truis	druid	treshlen	tresglen	—	dresk	blackbird, thrush, ouzel
—	—	—	—	truth	dluzh	trout
—	—	—	trwyn	tron	stroen	nose, snot
—	—	—	trydydd	tressa	trede	third
tua	tuagh	teigh	—	—	—	axe, hatchet
tuathal	tuathal	—	—	—	—	anticlockwise, unlucky
tuit	tuit	tuitt	—	—	—	to fall
tús	tùs	—	tywys	—	—	beginning, front, lead(er)
—	—	—	twyll	toll	touell	treachery, guile, deceit
—	—	—	twym	tomm, tobm	tomm	warm, hot
—	—	—	tyfu	tevy	teñviñ	to grow
—	—	—	tylluan	—	toud	owl
—	—	—	tyngu	tia	touiñ	to swear, vow
—	—	—	tyno	tnow	traoñ, traou	valley, dale, bottom
tús	tùs	—	tywys	—	—	beginning, front, lead(er)
—	—	—	tywydd	tewedha	—	weather
uabhar	uabhar	—	ofer	euver	euver	vain, pride, worthless, bland
uachtarán	uachdaran	eaghtyran(e)	—	—	—	president, laird, chief
uafásach	uabhasach	—	—	—	—	horrible, terrible
uaigh	uaigh	oaie, oaye	—	—	—	grave, tomb
uaine	uaine	eayney, geayney	—	—	—	green
ualach	uallach	—	—	—	—	burden, load
uath	uabhas	—	uthr	euth	euz	horror, dread, fright
ucht	uchd	ught	—	—	—	chest, breast, lap
uimhir	fuimhir	—	nifer	niver	niver	number
uisce	uisge	ushtey	—	—	—	water
ulchabhán	ullaid	hullad	—	oula	—	owl
ullamh	ullamh	ullee	—	—	—	ready, finished, prepared
umha	umha	ooha	efydd	—	—	copper, bronze, brass
úr	ùr	oor	ir	yr	—	new, fresh, verdant
urnaí	ùrnaigh	yeearree	—	—	—	prayer
—	ursa	—	—	ors	ourz	bear
veain	bhana	van	fan	—	—	van
—	—	—	wybr	ebron	oabl	sky, air
—	—	—	yfory	a-vorow	(w)arc'hoazh	tomorrow
—	—	—	ysgafnhau	skafhe	skañvaad	to lighten
—	—	—	ysglodion	asklos	askleud	chips, slices, shavings
—	—	—	ysgyfarn†	skovarn	skouarn	ear, handle

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Celtic cognates

Celtiadur

The Celtiadur blog is a collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Middle Breton and Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.

Celtic Pathways

On the Celtic Pathways podcast I discuss connections between the Celtic languages, and look for words with Celtic roots in non-Celtic languages, such as English, French, Spanish, Galician and Portuguese.

Information about Celtic languages

Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Neo-Brittonic, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh

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