Words for expensive, unfree & foolish in Celtic languages.
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | dóer, doír [doːi̯r/doːi̯rʲ] = servile, unfree, serf |
|---|---|
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | dóer, doír = unfree, lowborn, serf, base, ignoble, slavish, enslaved, subject, guilty doíraid = to debase, take, captive, enslave, condemn |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | daor [d̪ˠeːɾˠ / d̪ˠiːɾˠ] = unfree; base, servile; convicted, condemned; hard, severe; costly; dear, high-priced daoradh = enslavement, conviction, condemnation daorán = slave, servile creature daoránach = convict daorobair = servile work, hard labour |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | daor [dɯːr] = condemned; enslaved, in bondage daorachadh = condemning, dooming, condemnation, enslaving daoran [dɯːran] = ned, lout daorsa [dɯːr̪ˠsə] = bondage, captivity daorsanach [dɯːr̪ˠsanəx] = convict |
| Manx (Gaelg) | deyr = unfree, serf deyrey = to condemn, convict doom; condemnation, conviction deyrsnys = bondage, enslavement, serfdom, servitude, slavery, subjection deyraneagh = convict |
Etymology: from the Old Irish do- (to) & fer (man, husband) [source].
| Proto-Celtic | *drūtos = foolish, lewd; costly; daring, wanton; furious, grievous |
|---|---|
| Gaulish | Trutiknos (personal name) |
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | drúth = buffoon, jester, moron |
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | drúth = professional jester, buffoon, poet, learned man, imbecile drúthacht = buffoonery drúthán = little jester, little fool drúthlach = cuckold, foolish man |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | drúth = irresponsible person, imbecile; jester, buffoon drúthacht = buffioonery |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | drùth = lecherous, lascivious, foolish drùthach = obscene |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | drut, drud = dear, expensive drudwr = brave warrior |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | drud = dear, high-priced, costly, expensive; precious, valuable; daring, brave, valiant, courageous, bold; rash, reckless, foolish drudedd = obstinacy drudfawr = expensive, precious, courageous, valiant drudlew = valiant and daring |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | drudh = cherished, favourite, precious |
Etymology: unknown [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Gerlyver Kernewek, Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall, Dictionaire Favereau, TermOfis, Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic