Words for mane and related things in Celtic languages.
A mane [meɪn] is longer hair growth on back of the neck of an animal, especially a horse or lion, or long or thick hair of a person’s head. It comes from Middle English ma(y)ne (mane), from Old English manu (mane), from Proto-West Germanic *manu, from Proto-Germanic *manō (mane), from Proto-Indo-European *mon(y)- (crest, mane) [source].
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
| Proto-Celtic | *mongā = mane |
|---|---|
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | mong = mane, lock |
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | mong, monc = a lock or tuft of hair, hair, a head of hair, sea form, surf, foiliage, nap of cloth, mane mongach = long-haired, hairy mongda = having abundant hair |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | moing [mˠiːɲɟ] = mane, long hair, thick growth of hair, thick growth of vegetation, dense cover of trees, overgrown swamp, mossy fen moingfhada = long-maned, long-haired moingfhionn = white-maned, fair-haired mongach = maned, long-haired, covered with vegetation, mossy, marshy mongán = overgrown swamp, overgrown stream monglait = mop of hair |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | mong = mane (of hair) muing [mũĩŋʲgʲ] = mane (of hair) muingeach [mũĩŋʲgʲəx] = woman with a mane of hair, maned, pertaining to a mane, having a mane of hair muingeag = young woman with a mane of hair |
| Manx (Gaelg) | mwing = mane mwingagh = maned mwing-jeear = halter |
| Proto-Brythonic | *mung = mane (?) |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | mwng, mig = mane mygdwn, mygawc, mygtwn = having a cut or hacked mane myngvras, myguras = long- or thick-maned mygawc, myghawc, myngoc, myngawc = maned |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | mwng [mʊŋ] = mane myngdwn = having a cut or hacked mane myngfras = long- or thick-maned myngog = maned |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | mong = mane |
| Old Breton (Brethonoc) | mogou = mane |
| Middle Breton (Brezonec) | moe = mane |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | moue [mweː] = mane, hair, crest moueek = maned, (having) abundunt hair mouen, moueñ = mane, hair, crest |
Etymology: possibly related to Proto-Celtic *monis (neck), from Proto-Indo-European *mónis (neck) [source].
| Proto-Celtic | *(ɸ)rānos, *rāno- = mane |
|---|---|
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | róinne, rúainne = a single hair |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | rón [ˈɾˠuːnˠ] = horsehair, long hair as from an animal’s tail rónadóir = maker of dealer in, haircloth, furrier, feather merchant rónéadach = haircloth rónléine = hair-shirt |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | ròin [r̪ˠɔːn̪ʲ] = single hair, haircloth, sackcloth ròineach [r̪ˠɔːn̪ʲəx] = hairy, full of hair ròineachadh [r̪ˠɔːn̪ʲəxəɣ] = (act of) stuffing with hair ròineag [r̪ˠɔːn̪ʲag] = single hair, strand, fibre, flagellum ròineagach [r̪ˠɔːn̪ʲagəx] = hairy ròinidh [r̪ˠɔːn̪ʲɪ] = hairy, long-haired, thick-haired |
| Manx (Gaelg) | renaig = hair renaigagh = hairy, piliferous |
| Proto-Brythonic | *rrọn = horsehair |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | raun, rawn = long coarse animal hair, esp. horsehair, bristles, (garment) made from hair, strung with hair (harp), tail rawnir, rhwanhir, rhownhir = long-haired, long-maned, long-tailed, having long feathers |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | rhawn [r̥au̯n] = long coarse animal hair, esp. horsehair, bristles, (garment) made from hair, strung with hair (harp), tail rhawn(h)ir = long-haired, long-maned, long-tailed, having long feathers rhawnog = like horsehair, make of horsehair, long-haired |
| Middle Cornish (Cernewec) | ren, rên = mane, horsehair |
| Middle Breton (Brezonec) | reun = horsehair, pig bristles |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | reun = horsehair, pig bristles, silk reuneg = silky, horsehair reunek = like horsehair reunenn = horsehair, silk reunigell = pile |
Etymology: uncertain [source 1, source 2].
Sources: Wiktionary, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, Teanglann.ie, Am Faclair Beag, An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language, Fockleyreen: Manx – English Dictionary, Online Manx Dictionary, Gaelg Corpus, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall, Gerlyver Kernewek, Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton, Geriafurch, TermOfis