Knees

Here are some words for knee and related things in Celtic languages, as well as related words in other languages.

Bellona, goddess of war

Words marked with a * are reconstructions.

Proto-Celtic *glūnos = knee
Old Irish (Goídelc) glún [ɡluːn] = knee
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) glún, glun, glūn = knee, generation, pedigree
glúnmar, glunmár = big-kneed
Irish (Gaeilge) glúin [ɡl̪ˠuːnʲ / ɡlˠuːnʲ] = knee, generation, step (in a series), node
glúineach = (big-)kneed, noded, nodulous, branching, proliferous
glúinfheacadh = genuflection
glúiníneach = swelling in knees
glúinteas = housemaid’s knee
bean ghlúine = midwife
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) glùin [ɡl̪ˠuːn̪ʲ] = knee, generation, lap
glùn [gl̪ˠuːn] = knee, generation
glùineach [ɡl̪ˠuːn̪ʲəx] = pertaining to knees, kneed, jointed; large-kneed woman
glùineachan [ɡl̪ˠuːn̪ʲəxan] = garter
glùineag [ɡl̪ˠuːn̪ʲag] = (act of) kneeing
bean-ghlùine = midwife
Manx (Gaelg) glioon [ɡlʲuːnʲ] = joint, knee crooked timber
glioon-lhoobey = genuflect, genuflection
glioonagh = jointed, kneed
gliooney = to kneel, kneeling
glioon(i)t = kneed, kneeled
Proto-Brythonic *glin = knee
Middle Welsh (Kymraec) glin = knee
pen y lin, penn glin = knee
Welsh (Cymraeg) glin [ɡliːn] = knee
pen (g)lin [pɛnˈ(ɡ)liːn] = knee
glingam = knock-kneed, bow-legged
gliniadur = laptop (computer)
glinio = to kneel, knee, pod
gliniog = kneed, jointed, knotty
Middle Cornish (Cernewec) glin = knee
penglin, penclin, pedn glin = knee
Cornish (Kernewek) glin [ˈɡliːn] = knee
penn glin / pedn glin = kneecap
Middle Breton (Brezonec) glin = knee
Breton (Brezhoneg) glin [ɡlĩːn] = knee
penn-glin = knee
(penn)glinañ = to kneel down, worship, bow one’s knee
glinad = knee pain
glineg = strong knees
glinwisk = knee brace

Etymology: from the Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu (knee) [source]. Words from the same roots include genuflect (to bend the knee, grovel), knee and jeans in English; genou (knee, lap) in French; and knie (knee) in Dutch [source].

From the Proto-Celtic word *glūnos we also get the Proto-Celtic word *genwā ((river) bend), which is the root of the names Geneva, Genoa.

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Sources: Wiktionary, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, Teanglann.ie, Am Faclair Beag, An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language, Fockleyreen: Manx – English Dictionary, Online Manx Dictionary, Gaelg Corpus, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall, Gerlyver Kernewek, Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton, Dictionaire Favereau, TermOfis

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