This page contains words for parts of the body that are cognate in all or some of the six modern Celtic languages.
Click on the English versions that are links and you will be taken to the Celtiadur, where you can see what each word means, and how some of them are pronounced. There are also details of related words and expressions, and words in older versions of the Celtic languages, such as Middle Welsh and Old Irish. More Celtic Cognates
These words are cognate in all six Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ascaill | asgall | aghlish oghlish |
asgell | askel | askell | wing fin armpit |
| béal | beul | beeal | gwefus | gweus | gweuz | lip mouth |
| bolg | bolg | bolg | bol(a) | bolgh | bolc'h | belly stomach |
| bos | bas | bass | bos | bas | boz | palm fist |
| broinne | broinne | brein | bron bryn |
bronn | bronn | breast hill |
| ceann | ceann | kione | pen | penn | penn | head |
| ciall | ciall | keeall | pwyll | poll | poell | mind sense |
| craiceann | craiceann | crackan | croen | kroghen | kroc'hen | skin hide surface |
| dorn | dòrn | doarn | dwrn | dorn | dorn | fist hand |
| eite | ite | fedjag | adain | aden* | attanoc* | wing fin feather |
| folt | falt | folt | gwallt | gols | guolt* | hair |
| fuil | fuil | fuil | gweli | goli | gouli | blood wound |
| glúin | glùin | glioon | glin | glyn | glinn | knee |
| gualainn | gualainn | geaylin geayliney |
ysgywdd | skoodh | skoaz | shoulder |
| ionga | ìne ionga |
yngin | ewin | ewin | ivin | (finger/toe) nail |
| lámh | làmh | laue | llaw | leuv | lav | hand arm |
| sáil | sàil | saayl | sawdl | seudhel | seul | heel |
| súil | sùil | sooill | haul | howl | heol | eye sun |
| srón | sròn | stroin | ffroen | frig | froen | nose nostril |
| teanga | teanga | çhengey | tafod | taves | teod | tongue language |
| troigh | troigh | trie | troed | troos | troad | foot |
| tul | tul | tool | tâl | tal | tal | forehead brow head |
| uillinn | uileann | uillin | elin | elin | ilin | elbow |
These words are cognate in some of the Celtic languages.
| Gaeilge (Irish) |
Gàidhlig (Gaelic) |
Gaelg (Manx) |
Cymraeg (Welsh) |
Kernewek (Cornish) |
Brezhoneg (Breton) |
English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aghaidh | aghaidh | oai | — | — | — | face front |
| aineach eineach |
eanach | — | wyneb | enep | eneb | face honour reputation |
| éadan | aodann | eddin | — | — | — | brow forehead |
| — | — | — | asgwrn | askorn | askorn | bone |
| — | — | — | blew | blew | blev | hair bristles |
| biss | — | — | bys | bys | biz | finger |
| — | bòc | — | boch | bogh | boc'h | cheek bloat |
| bonn | bonn | boyn | — | — | — | sole base foot |
| brac | brac | — | braich | bregh | brec'h | arm hand |
| caolán | caolan | collane | — | — | — | gut bowel |
| — | — | — | cefn | keyn | kein | back |
| cluas | cluas | cleaysh | clust | — | — | ear |
| — | — | — | clun | klun | klun | hip buttocks |
| cnámh | cnàimh | craue | cnaw | — | — | bone skull |
| cos | cas cos |
cass | coes | — | — | leg foot |
| cró | crò | — | crau | krow | — | blood gore |
| dreach | dreach | dreagh | drych | — | derch* | look aspect expression face |
| droim | druim | dreeym | — | — | — | back ridge |
| éadan | aodann | eddin | — | — | — | front face facade |
| esna | asna | asney | ais | asownn | — | rib |
| galba | galba | — | gylfin | gelvin | golv | beak nose |
| gnúis | gnùis | grooish | gnis | greuv | — | face brow jaw |
| gob | gob | gob | — | — | — | beak bill point |
| — | — | — | gwaed | goos | gwad | blood |
| — | — | — | gwddf gwddw gwddwg |
— | gouzoug goûg |
throat neck |
| inchinn | eanchainn | — | ymennydd | ympynnyon | empenn | mind brain |
| intinn | inntinn | inçhyn | — | — | — | brain |
| leiceann | lethcheann | lieckan | — | — | — | cheek |
| — | — | — | llygad | lagas | lagad | eye |
| méar | meur | mair | — | — | — | finger toe |
| — | — | — | min | min | min | lip mouth pout |
| muineál | muineal | mwannal | mwnwgl mwnwg mynwgl |
— | — | neck |
| rí | ruighe | roih | — | — | — | forearm arm |
| scornach | sgòrnan | scoarnagh | — | — | — | throat mouth |
| tóin | tòn | thoyn toinn |
tin | tin* | — | bottom buttocks breech |
| — | — | — | trwyn | tron | — | nose |
| — | — | — | ysgyfarn* | skovarn | skouarn | ear handle |
Words marked* are archaic or obselete.
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Complete Cognates, Partial Cognates . Cognates arranged thematically: Adjectives | Animals | Birds | Clothes | Colours | Conjunctions | Countries | Directions | Food and Drink | Landscape | Languages | Metals | Musical terms | Numbers | Parts of the body | People | Pronouns | Prepositions | Sea creatures | Time expressions | Trees and Plants | Verbs | Weather | Tools | Other words
A collection of Celtic cognates, with definitions, pronunciation, etymologies - includes the modern Celtic languages, older versions of these languages, such as Middle Welsh, Old Irish, and their extinct and reconstructed relatives and ancestors, including Gaulish, Celtiberian, Proto-Brythonic and Proto-Celtic.
Breton, Celtiberian, Cornish, Cumbric, Gaulish, Irish, Lepontic, Lusitanian, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, Tartessian, Welsh
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