Words for legs and feet in Celtic languages.
| Proto-Celtic | *koxsā = foot, leg |
|---|---|
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | cos(s) [kos] = foot, leg |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | cos [kɔsˠ] = leg, foot; handle, shaft, stem; lower end |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | cas [kas] = foot, trotter; leg; handle, shaft shank (of a fishing hook cos [kɔs] = foot, leg, handle, shaft |
| Manx (Gaelg) | cass [kaːs] = leg, barrel, foot, shaft, peg, bottom, outlet, mouth of river, stalk, hilt, stem of pipe, crop of whip |
| Proto-Brythonic | *koɨs = leg, shank, stem |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | coes [koːɨ̯s / kɔi̯s / koːs] = leg, shank; handle, haft, stem (of pipe); stalk, stem |
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *koḱs- (joint) [source].
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru
| Proto-Celtic | *tregess = foot |
|---|---|
| Gaulish | treide = foot |
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | traig [traɣʲ] = foot (part of body / measurement), step |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | troigh [t̪ˠɾˠɪɟ / t̪ˠɾˠɔ / t̪ˠɾˠiː] = foot (part of body / measurement), step |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | troigh [trɔç] = foot (part of body / measurement), sole of foot |
| Manx (Gaelg) | trie [strɛin] = sole, twelve inches, foot |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | troet = foot |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | troed [troːɨ̯d / trɔi̯d] = foot; shaft, handle; bottom, base, pedestal, foundation, extremity, end; stalk; foot-joint |
| Old Cornish | truit = foot |
| Middle Cornish | troys / tros = foot |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | troos [tro:z / tru:z] = foot, on foot |
| Old Breton | troat = foot |
| Middle Breton | troat = foot |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | troad = foot, handle |
Etymology: from Proto-Indo-European *tregʰ- (to run, walk), apparently a variant of *dʰregʰ- (to run) [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Gerlyver Kernewek, Dictionnaire Favereau
re: *koxsā = foot, leg
The etymology, as currently displayed, reads:
“From Proto-Indo-European *koḱs- (joint), which is also the root of the English words buldge, budge and budget”
I think a gremlin or two must have crept in here
1) because there is AFAIK no word “buldge” in English, and
2) I would be amazed if “budge” and “budget” have any connection to *koxsā!
Gremlins have indeed been at work. All traces have now been removed.
*koḱs- is in fact the root of the Latin coxa (hip, hipbone, thigh), the French cuisse (thigh), and related words in other Romance languages [source].