Shells

Words for shell and related things in Celtic languages.

Shells

Words marked with a * are reconstructions.

Old Irish (Goídelc) bláesc = shell, nutshell, eggshell
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) bláesc, blosc, plaesc = eggshell, nutshell, cataract (?)
Irish (Gaeilge) blaosc / plaosc [bˠlˠiːsˠk / pˠl̪ˠeːsˠk] = shell (of eggg, but, crustacea)
blaosc an chinn / an chloiginn = skull, cranium
blaosc an aeir = the vault of heaven
blaoscach = shelly, big-, empty-, headed
blaoscán = eggshell, skull, cranium, drain, nip
blaoscrúisc = scalp
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) plaosg [pl̪ˠɯːsg] = hull, husk, pod, peel, rind, (egg)shell, crust, skull; peeling, skinning, husking, shelling
plaosgadh [pl̪ˠɯːsgəɣ] = peeling, skinning, husking, shelling
plaosgach [pl̪ˠɯːsgəx] = shelled, husky, shelly
Manx (Gaelg) bleayst = shell, hull, husk, shield, body, crust, gill cover, pod
bleayst shligganagh = tortoise shell
bleaystan(ey) = bomb, shell
bleaystagh = detonating, explosive, husked, shelled
bleaystaghey = to shell, unhusk
Middle Welsh (Kymraec) plisc(yn), plisg(in) = shell(s), pod(s), husk(s), rind, skin(s)
plisco = to shell, peel
Welsh (Cymraeg) plisg(en/yn) [plɪsɡ] = shell(s), pod(s), husk(s), rind, skin(s), membrane; speech impediment, cataract, scab
plisgaf, plisgo = to shell, husk, peel
plisgynnog = having a shell, skin or husk
Middle Cornish (Cernewec) pliscin = eggshell
plisg = husk, shell, paring
Cornish (Kernewek) plisk(en) = shell(s), husk(s)
Middle Breton (Brezonec) plusq(uenn) = peeling(s), skin(s), husk(s), shell(s), hull(s), eggshell(s)
plusqad = peelings
plusqua = to peel
Breton (Brezhoneg) plusk(enn) = peeling(s), shaving(s), shell(s), pod(s), bark(s)
pluskadur = peeling
pluskan, pluskañ [ˈplyskã] = to peel
pluskennek = to fluff

Etymology: possibly related to peluche (plush [toy], fluff) in French and plush in English, which come Vulgar from Latin *pilūc(i)cāre (to remove parts of sth), from Latin pilāre (to remove hair), from pilus (hair) the Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (hair) [source].

Other words from the same roots include pelo (hair) in Spanish, poil (hair) in French and pelare (to pluck, skin, shear, peel) in Italian [source].

Proto-Celtic *sleg = shell (?)
*sleggio = shell (?)
Old Irish (Goídelc) slice = shell
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) slice = shell
slicén, sligen = shell
Irish (Gaeilge) slige [ˈʃl̠ʲɪɟɪ] = shell, shard, melting pot
sligeach = shells, place abounding in shells
sliogán [ʃlʲəˈɡɑ̃ːn̪ˠ] = shell
sliogán mara = scallop; seashell
sliogánach = testacean, shelled, testaceous, abounding in shells, dappled, mottled
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) slige [ʃl̪ʲigʲə] = shell, hull (of a boat)
sligean [ʃl̪ʲʲigʲan] = small shell, small hull, small drinking shell, small shard
sligeach [ʃl̪ʲigʲəx] = carapace, casing, case, crustacean, having a shell
sligeanach [ʃl̪ʲigʲanəx] = tortoise
Manx (Gaelg) shlig = shell, scale, body
shliggan = shell, bomb
shligganaghey = testaceous, tortoise
shligganaghey = bomb, bombard

Etymology: from Proto-Indo-European *slak- (to hit, strike, throw) [source]. The town and county of Sligo (Sligeach and Contae Shligigh in Irish), get their name from the Irish word sligeach [source]..

Proto-Celtic *krok-enā = (?)
Middle Welsh (Kymraec) cregyn, cragen, cregin, krogen = shell, framework, husk
Welsh (Cymraeg) cragen, crogen [ˈkraɡɛn / ˈkrɔɡɛn] = shell, framework, husk
cragenbysg, crogenbysg = shellfish
cragenfaen, crogenfaen = pearl
cragennu = to form into a shell, become a shell
cregynna [krɛˈɡəna] = to gather shells
Old Cornish crogen = shell
Middle Cornish (Cernewec) crogen, crogan = shell
crogen an penn = skull
Cornish (Kernewek) krogen = shell
krogen benn/bedn = skull
krogen brierin / Sen Jamys = scallop
krogen benn/bedn = clam
Middle Breton (Brezonec) creguin, croguen = shell
croguennec = hooked
Breton (Brezhoneg) kregen = shells
krogenn [ˈkroː.ɡɛn] = shell, carapace
kroegennan, kroegennañ = to shell
kroegennek = hooked

Etymology: unknown. Related to cregen (clay vessel) and cragen (potsherd) in Welsh, and possibly conch in English [source].

Old Irish (Goídelc) mocol = cluster, husk, mesh, shell
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) mocol, mogal = mesh, network, web, globe, sphere, round mass, husk, shell, pid, troop, band
Irish (Gaeilge) mogall [ˈmˠɔɡəl̪ˠ] = mesh, husk, shell, pod, compacy body, cluster of people
mogallach = meshed, reticular, clustered
mogallaigh = to (en)mesh, cluster
mogallóir = mesh-rod (for measuring)
mogallsúileach = goggle-eyed
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) mogal [mogəl̪ˠ] = husk, shell, skin, mesh
Manx (Gaelg) moggyl = grid, mesh, network
mogglagh = meshed, networklike
eddyr-voggyl = internet
Proto-Brythonic *magl = trap, snare
Middle Welsh (Kymraec) magl, magyl = trap, snare
maglyt, maglu, meglyt = to snare, net, enmesh
Welsh (Cymraeg) magl [ˈmaɡal] = snare, noose, trap, gin, manacle, fetter; obstruction, obstacle, cataract
maglu, maglo = to snare, net, enmesh
magledig = ensnaring, entrapping, caught, ensnared, trapped
Old Cornish maglen = trap, snare
Middle Cornish (Cernewec) maglen = snare, halter, spring
Cornish (Kernewek) maglen = trap, gear
maglenna, magledna = to change gear, tangle, trap
magli = to tangle
Old Breton (Brethonoc) maclou = slime (?)

Etymology: from Latin macula (mesh), from Proto-Italic *smatlom, from Proto-Indo-European *smh₂-tló-m (wiping [?]) [source]. Words from the same roots include (chain) mail in English, macchia (stain, smear, spot) in Italian, maquis (thicket, resistance, underground) in French, and Makel (flaw, blemish) in German [source].

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Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Gerlyver Kernewek, Dictionaire Favereau, TermOfis, English – ProtoCeltic WordList (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic

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