Words for tents, pavilions and related things in Celtic languages.
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | pupall [ˈpubal͈] = tent |
|---|---|
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | pupall, pupaill, pupla = tent, pavilion, awning |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | puball [ˈpˠʊbˠəl̪ˠ] = tent, pavilion |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | pùball [puːbəl̪ˠ] = marquee, pavilion, tent pùballach = tented, full of tents or booths |
| Proto-Brythonic | *pėbɨll = tent (?) |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | pebyll = tent |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | pabell, pebyll [ˈpabɛɬ] = tent, dwelling, portable shelter, camp, pavilion, tabernacle, booth, canopy, arbour, bower, sanctuary; mantle, cloak pabell(i)af, pabelllu, pabellio = to pitch a tent, camp, encamp, dwell pabellog = held in a tent, full of tents |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | pabel = pavilion |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | pabell [pɑː.bɛl] = pavilion, large tent, marquee |
Etymology: from Vulgar Latin păpiliō, from Latin pāpiliō (butterfly, moth, soul of a dead person, tent), probably a reduplicated form of Proto-Indo-European *pal- (to feel, touch, shake) [source]. The Breton word pabell was borrowed from Welsh [source].
Words from the same roots include pavilion in English, papillon (butterfly, brilliant, versatile and inconstant person) in French, farfalla (butterfly, bow tie, butterly-shaped pasta) in Italian, papion (bowtie) in Romanian, paipala (quail) in Latvian [source].
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | pailliún = tent, pavilion |
|---|---|
| Irish (Gaeilge) | pailliún = pavilion |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | pàillean [paːlʲan] = pavilion, tabernacle pàillean còmhlain = bandstand |
| Manx (Gaelg) | paal = pavilion, pen, hedge, fence, coop, enclosure, ring, enclave paalan = booth, tent paalan buillvollee = marquee paalan clagganagh = bell tent |
| Middle Breton (Brezonec) | pauillon = pavilion, tent |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | pavilhon = pavilion, tent |
Etymology: from Latin palla (cloak, mantle), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (to cover, to wrap, skin, hide, cloth), or possibly a substrate loan. Words from the same roots include camouflage, film, muffle, pall and pelt in English, piel (skin, fur) in Spanish, and peau (skin, hide, fur) in French [source].
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | lluesteu, lluest = tent lluestu = to camp, live under canvas, etc lluestuy = tent, booth, shieling, cottage, lodge, cabin, hut |
|---|---|
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | lluest [ˈɬɨ.ɛst] = tent lluestaf, lluestu = to lodge temporarily in the open, in a tent or in tents, live under canvas, accomodate, quarter, billet, pitch tent(s), set up camp lluestai = quartermaster lluestfa = camp, encampment, military quarters, barracks lluesty [ˈɬjɛstɨ̞/ˈɬjɛsti] = tent, booth, shieling, cottage, lodge, cabin, hut |
Etymology: from llu (host, multitude) and gwest (lodging) [source].
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | tabernacuil [ˈpubal͈] = booth, tabernacle, tent |
|---|---|
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | tabernacuil, tabernacul = tent, booth, hut, heaven, tabernacle, temple, shrine |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | taibernacal = tabernacle |
| Manx (Gaelg) | tabernacle = tabernacle |
| Middle Breton (Brezonec) | tabernacl = tabernacle |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | tabernakl, tabarlank [taˈbɛr.nak(l)] = tabernacle |
Etymology: from Latin tabernāculum (tent, tabernacle), from taberna (shop, store, inn, tavern, saloon, hut, shed), from trabs (timber, beam, rafter, tree trunk), from PIE *treb- (wooden beam). Words from the same roots include tabernacle and tavern in English, taberna (pub, tavern) in Spanish, tafarn (pub, tavern) in Welsh, and other words for tavern / pub in Celtic languages [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Gerlyver Kernewek, Dictionaire Favereau, TermOfis, English – ProtoCeltic WordList (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic
