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In this Adventure in Etymology we discover what links the word hiatus with yawning.
A hiatus [haɪˈeɪtəs / hɐˈjaː.t̪ʊs] is a gap in a series, making it incomplete; an interruption, break, pause or absence; a temporary break from work, especially one which is unexpected, and various other things.
It comes from Latin hiātus (a hiatus, opening, gap, aperture, cleft, longing, desire), from hiō (to yawn, gape, pause, be amazed), from Proto-Italic *hiāō, from PIE *ǵʰeh₂- (to yawn, gape) [source].
Words from the same roots include zijati (to stare, gape, yawn) in Slovenian, ganar (to gain, earn, win) in Spanish, a căsca (to yawn, gape) in Romanian, gína (to gape) in Icelandic, and gain, gap, gape, gum and yawn in English [source].
The word chaos possibly also comes from the same PIE root. It was borrowed from Ancient Greek χάος (khắos – chaos, the primordial state of existence, space, air, abyss, chasm, infinite darkness), and is probably related to words like *χάϝος (kháwos – hole, empty space, yawning opening) and χάσκω (kháskō – to gape, yawn) [source].
The word gas also shares the same roots. It was coined by Dutch Chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont in 1648, and was derived from Ancient Greek χάος (khắos – chaos, etc). It was possibly also inspired by the Dutch word geest (ghost, spirit, mind), which is related to the English word ghost [source].
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I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the Omniglot Blog, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the Celtiadur blog.
