Words for malt and related things in Celtic languages.
| Proto-Celtic | *mrakis = malt |
|---|---|
| Gaulish | bracis = malt (?) |
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | mraich = malt braichles = wort |
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | braich = malt, malt liquor braichles = mash, wort |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | braich = malt braicheadh = malting braicheadóir = malster braichleann = malt liquor braichlis = wort |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | braich [braç] = malt, fermented grain brach [brax] = ferment!, malt!, fill with pus!, gather! mac na bracha/braiche = single malt whisky |
| Manx (Gaelg) | bry, braih = malt braghee = malted, malty braghey = to ferment, malt, malted, fermentation |
| Proto-Brythonic | *brag = malt (?) |
| Middle Welsh (Kyrmraec) | brac, brag = malt, barley grain bragio, bragv = to brew, malt, scheme, spoil, ruin, germinate, sprout, shoot |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | brag [braːɡ] = malt, barley grain, alcoholic drink produced by fermentation of malt, ale; a brewing, fermentation; brewery brag(i)af, bragu, brag(i)o = to brew, malt, scheme, spoil, ruin, germinate, sprout, shoot braglyn = malt liquor bragodyn = germ, sprout bragwr, bragydd = brewer, maltster brecâf, brecáu = to mash (malt in brewing) bracty, bragdy = brewery, malthouse |
| Old Cornish | brag = malt |
| Middle Cornish (Cernewec) | brag, brâg = malt |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | brag = malt |
| Middle Breton | braguez = (germ of) grain |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | bragez [ˈbrɑːɡes] = (germ of) grain |
Etymology: uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥ke/o / *morko, from *merk- (to be soaked, be weak). Words from the same Proto-Celtic roots, via Gaulish bracem and Old French bracier (to brew), include brasser (to brew, intermingle), brasserie (brewery, brasserie, beer parlour), and brasseur (brewer) in French, brasserie in English.
Words from the same PIE roots include marcire (to rot, fester, go bad) in Italian, marchito (wilted, faded) in Spanish, marcir (to wilt) in Catalan, and mer̃kti (to wet, moisten, soak) in Lithuanian [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, Teanglann.ie, Am Faclair Beag, An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language, Fockleyreen: Manx – English Dictionary, Online Manx Dictionary, Gaelg Corpus, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall, Gerlyver Kernewek, Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton, Geriafurch, TermOfis
Sorry for that: Is ‘brag’ really pronounced [ˈɛu̯.ɪn] in Welsh?
I’ve corrected that now.