Words for steps and related words in Celtic languages.
Proto-Celtic | *kanxsman = step, act of stepping |
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Gaulish | *kamman = step |
Old Irish (Goídelc) | céimm [ˈkʲeːmʲ] = step; rank (in a hierarchy) |
Irish (Gaeilge) | céim [ceːmʲ] = step, degree, rank, pass, ravine, difficulty céimnigh = to step, grade, graduate céimniú = stepping, tread, grading, graduation aischéim = backward step ardchéim = high rank, dignity, higher degree bunchéim = primary degree, positive (degree) coiscéim = footstep, pace |
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | ceum [kʲeːm] = step, footstep, pace, tread, path, degree, measure cois-cheum = step, pace ceum-coise = footstep, footpath |
Manx (Gaelg) | keim = phase, step, degree, stage, standard, stile, grade keimagh = postgraduate keimee = to graduate, promote |
Proto-Brythonic | *kamman = step |
Old Welsh | cemmein = step |
Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | cam, camm, kam = step |
Welsh (Cymraeg) | cam [kam] = step, stride, pace, leap, foot-fall, footprint, trace, progress camu, camaf = to step over, take a stride, take strides, pace camâd = stile |
Cornish (Kernewek) | kamm = pace, step, track |
Middle Breton | cam = step |
Breton (Brezhoneg) | kamm = pace, walk tread, (foot)step kammed = step |
Etymology: from the Proto-Celtic *kengeti (to step), from the Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (to limp, walk lamely) [source]
Words from the same Gaulish root (*kamman) include: cammīnus (way) in Latin, camino (track, path, road, way, route, journey) and caminar (to walk, stroll, travel) in Spanish, caminho (way, road, path) in Portugese, cammino (walk, path, way) and camminare (to walk, work (function)) in Italian, and chemin (path, way, pathway) in French [source].
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
Sources: Wiktionary, Am Faclair Beag, Online Manx Dictionary, Teanglann.ie, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, logainm.ie, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Gerlyver Kernewek, Dictionaire Favereau, TermOfis, Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton, Geriafurch, English – ProtoCeltic WordList (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic
I forgot about the X in Proto-Celtic.
Sorry ,but that was me. I think I should make
a littler comment.