Words for thousand, mile and related things in Celtic languages.
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
| Proto-Celtic | *mīlom = thousand |
|---|---|
| Old Irish (Goídelc) | míle [ˈmʲiː.lʲe] = thousand mílmad [ˈmʲiːlβ̃ə(ɣ)] = thousandth |
| Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | míle, míli = a thousand, a mile, a millennium mílmad = thousandth |
| Irish (Gaeilge) | míle = thousand, mile míliú = thousandth míleáiste = mileage mílechosach = millepede mílemhéadar = milometer |
| Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | mìle [miːlə] = thousand, mile mìleamh [miːləv] = thousandth (part) mìle-chasach [miːlə xasəx] = milipede |
| Manx (Gaelg) | milley = thousand meeiley = thousand, furlong millioo = thousandth |
| Proto-Brythonic | *mil [ˈmiːl] = thousand |
| Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | myl, mil = thousand milvuet, miled = thousandth mil fil = million, host, multitude milltir, mylltyr = mile |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) | mil [miːl] = (a) thousand, a great number, host, millennium, by far, a thousand times (more) milfed (1000fed) = thousandth (part) milfil = million, host, multitude milflwydd = millennium, millenial milltir = mile |
| Middle Cornish (Cernewec / Kernuak) | mil, mŷl = a thousand mildir, myldyr = a mile milvilm mylvyl = a thousand thousand, a million milgweth, milwyth, milweth, mylwyth = a thousand times |
| Cornish (Kernewek) | mil [mil] = thousand milves (1000ves) = thousandth milblek = thousandfold milvil = million milvilwas, milvilvowes = millionaire mildam = jigsaw mildir = mile mildros = millipede milhyntal = maze milvledhen = millennium |
| Middle Breton (Brezonec) | mil = thousand miluet = thousandth |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | mil [miːl] = thousand milvet (1000vet) [ˈmil.vet] = thousandth milved [ˈmil.vet] = millennium miltir [ˈmil.tir] = mile milendall [mi.lɛn.ˈdalː] = labyrinth, maze miltamm [ˈmil.tãm] = puzzle |
Etymology: from Latin mīlia (thousands), from mīlle (thousand), from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī (thousand), from PIE *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ (having one thousand), *smih₂ (one) and *ǵʰéslom (heap). Words from the same roots include mile, millennium and million in English, Meile (mile) in German, mille (thousand, mile, bullseye) in French, and mil (thousand) in Spanish [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, Teanglann.ie, Am Faclair Beag, An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language, Fockleyreen: Manx – English Dictionary, Online Manx Dictionary, Gaelg Corpus, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall, Gerlyver Kernewek, Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton, Geriafurch, TermOfis