Words for to carry, to flow and related things in Celtic languages.
Words marked with a * are reconstructions.
Proto-Celtic | *bereti = to carry *ɸarebereti = to use |
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Old Irish (Gaídelc) | beirid [ˈbʲerʲiðʲ] = to carry, bear, bring forth, judge ar·beir [arˈbʲerʲ] = to live, use, employ, eat, reproach, subdue, express |
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) | beirid, berid = to carry, infer, bear, bring forth, be born, yield, produce, judge, pass judgement ar-beir, airbir = to live, eat, use, employ, plead, subdue, express |
Irish (Gaeilge) | beir [bʲɛɾʲ] = to bear, give birth to; lay (eggs); bear away, win; bring, take; catch, overtake; proceed, advance |
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) | beir [berʲ] = to take hold; bring forth, bear, produce; carry beirachd [berʲəxg] = bearing (children), giving birth, birthing, bringing forth, birth, nativity, taking hold, holding, catching up with |
Manx (Gaelg) | behr = to bear (give birth to) ruggyr = birth, nativity laa ruggyr, laa ruggyree = birthday |
Proto-Brythonic | *bėrɨd [be̝ˈrɨːd] = to flow, carry *ėrβėrɨd [be̝ˈrɨːd] = to make use of, employ, take |
Middle Welsh (Kymraec) | beru = to flow |
Welsh (Cymraeg) | beru = to flow, drip; drizzle arfer [ˈarvɛr] = to use, be used to, be accustomed to; custom, practice, procedure, habit |
Middle Cornish (Cernewec) | berthy = to bear, carry, sustain, entertain, take perthy = to bear, carry, sustain, entertain, take porthy = to bear (with), carry, endure, sustain, suffer |
Cornish (Kernewek) | perthi = to bear, endure, put up with, stand, suffer, tolerate perthyans = endurance, patience, tolerance |
Middle Breton | beraff = to flow |
Breton (Brezhoneg) | berañ [ˈbeːrã] = to drip, flow |
Etymology: from the Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (to be carrying), from *bʰer- (to bear, carry) [source]. Words from the same roots include: barn, barrow, (to) bear, birth, broad and (to) thole (to endure) in English, bie (to bring, deliver) Albanian, բերել (berel – to bring, fetch) Armenian, and berti (to throw, strew, scatter, shed) Lithuanian [source].
Sources: Wiktionary, Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language, Teanglann.ie, Am Faclair Beag, An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language, Fockleyreen: Manx – English Dictionary, Online Manx Dictionary, Gaelg Corpus, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall, Gerlyver Kernewek, Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton, Dictionnaires bilingues de Francis Favereau / Edition Skol Vreizh, TermOfis