The numerals referred to here as 'Arabic' and 'Urdu' are those used when writing those languages. The Urdu numerals are also known as 'East Arab' numerals and differ slightly from those used in Arabic. In Arabic they are known as "Indian numbers" (أرقام هندية arqa-m hindiyyah).
The numerals 1, 2, 3, etc. are also known as Arabic numerals, or Hindu-Arabic numerals, Indian numerals, Hindu numerals, European numerals, and Western numerals. These numerals where first used in India in about 400 BC, were later used in Persia, then were brought to Europe by the Arabs. Hence the name "Arabic numerals".
Books about numbers and numerals
Number Systems of the World
http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/language/number.html
Numbers from 1 to 10 in over 5000 Languages
http://www.zompist.com/numbers.shtml
Numbers in Slavic languages
http://roman-dushkin.narod.ru/v_paper_06_eng.html
Numerals and counting in Chinese
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_numerals
Information about "Arabic numerals"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_numerals
History of counting systems and numerals
http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ab34
Numberopedia - information about numbers and numerals
http://www.archimedes-lab.org/numbers/Num1_69.html
Language names | Country names | UDHR | Babel | Numerals | Omniglot | Phrases
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