{"id":4112,"date":"2025-09-13T14:03:02","date_gmt":"2025-09-13T14:03:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=4112"},"modified":"2025-09-13T14:03:02","modified_gmt":"2025-09-13T14:03:02","slug":"celtic-pathways-engaged-hostages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=4112","title":{"rendered":"Celtic Pathways &#8211; Engaged Hostages"},"content":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Engaged Hostages\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2025-09-13T14:03:02+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT2M18S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we discover the Celtic roots of words for hostage in Germanic languages, and words related to engagement in Finnic languages.\n\n\n\nThe Proto-Celtic word *geistlos means hostage or bail, and comes from Proto-Indo-European *g\u02b0eyd\u02b0- (to ye...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2.3\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_7726\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-4112-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=4112-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"engagedhostages.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we discover the Celtic roots of words for <strong>hostage<\/strong> in Germanic languages, and words related to <strong>engagement<\/strong> in Finnic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/dd-anne\/9488290561\/in\/photolist-fsrYdz-2eHcR5t-NodFq6-g8idS2-qumB4K-4uwZN9-21RvJu8-LCtS8m-c3iWUQ-257rCNk-GgQP6H-Lp4MWv-9P2jen-ecwt4Q-7V7wwu-xFs2k4-y9qmm7-giins7-27FjLVy-uB9Xe-b4GPD2-D6XcVp-M1puWV-ZMVArp-8RXHZ9-KM4HfM-273c4VV-4UENVv-y9qqxJ-bjQGmn-phpq5f-GhaMok-boxXyi-xu9BoX-qdnZ2a-yr2ph8-aCCkB-7PiuFT-Lw2bzk-gaPa6y-dZJfmM-YHuKZY-D2dV7H-7P4e3L-iJ1Xkq-fhqcx3-2bJRrCS-7P4g47-gVxwZG-ne7wrf\" title=\"Give me the best tuna can, or I will kill the hostage!\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3795\/9488290561_5949b4d6a7_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Give me the best tuna can, or I will kill the hostage!\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>*geistlos<\/strong> means hostage or bail, and comes from Proto-Indo-European <em>*g\u02b0eyd\u02b0-<\/em> (to yearn for, to desire) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/geistlos\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>Descendents in the modern Celtic languages include:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>giall<\/strong> [\u025fi\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = hostage, pledge in Irish<\/li>\n<li><strong>giall<\/strong> [g\u02b2i\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = hostage, pledge in Scottish Gaelic<\/li>\n<li><strong>gioal<\/strong> = pledge, stake, wager in Manx<\/li>\n<li><strong>gwystl<\/strong> [\u0261w\u0268\u031esdl] = pledge, assurance, security in Welsh<\/li>\n<li><strong>gostel<\/strong> = hostage, riot in Cornish<\/li>\n<li><strong>gouestl<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261westl] = hostage, pledge, guarantee in Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>More details of words for <strong>hostage<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages can be found in the Celtiadur post <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2025\/05\/28\/captive-hostages\/\">Captive Hostages<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Proto-Germanic <em>*g\u012bslaz<\/em> (hostage), include <strong>gijzelen<\/strong> (to take hostage) in Dutch, <strong>Geisel<\/strong> (hostage) in German, and <strong>gissel<\/strong> (hostage) in Norwegian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic\/g%C4%ABslaz\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Finnish words <strong>kihlata<\/strong> (to betroth) and <strong>kihlajaislahja<\/strong> (engagement present), the Estonian word <strong>kihlatu<\/strong> (to betroth) also come from the same Proto-Celtic roots via Proto-Germanic <em>*g\u012bslaz<\/em> (hostage) and  Proto-Finnic <em>*kihla<\/em> (pledge, bet, wager, engagement gift) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic\/kihla\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE root (<em>*g\u02b0eyd\u02b0-<\/em>) include <strong>geisti<\/strong> (to desire, crave, covet) in Lithuanian, <strong>gaid\u012bt<\/strong> (to wait, expect) in Latvian, <strong>\u017ed\u00e1t<\/strong> (to ask) in Czech, and <strong>\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438<\/strong> (\u017ed\u00e1ty &#8211; to wait for, expect) in Ukrainian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/g%CA%B0eyd%CA%B0-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href=\"https:\/\/blubrry.com\/services\/podcast-hosting\/?code=omniglot\">Blubrry Podcast Hosting<\/a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5001128073855040\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- Blog horizontal --><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5001128073855040\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"1685480124\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Engaged Hostages\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2025-09-13T14:03:02+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT2M18S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we discover the Celtic roots of words for hostage in Germanic languages, and words related to engagement in Finnic languages.\n\n\n\nThe Proto-Celtic word *geistlos means hostage or bail, and comes from Proto-Indo-European *g\u02b0eyd\u02b0- (to ye...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2.3\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_7727\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-4112-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=4112-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/engagedhostages.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"engagedhostages.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we discover the Celtic roots of words for hostage in Germanic languages, and words related to engagement in Finnic languages. The Proto-Celtic word *geistlos means hostage or bail, and comes from Proto-Indo-European *g\u02b0eyd\u02b0- (to yearn for, to desire) [source] Descendents in the modern Celtic languages include: giall [\u025fi\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = hostage, pledge in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,122,37,33,47,20,161,125,24,6,4,114,156,36,11,84,1,94,270,57,59,5,118,7],"tags":[139,316,90,14,317,315,318,9,15,88,8,103],"class_list":["post-4112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-celtic-pathways","category-cornish","category-czech","category-dutch","category-english","category-estonian-eesti-keel","category-finnish-suomi","category-german","category-irish","category-language","category-latvian-latviesu-valoda","category-lithuanian-lietuviu-kalba","category-manx","category-music","category-norwegian-norsk","category-podcast","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-finnic","category-proto-germanic","category-proto-indo-european","category-scottish-gaelic","category-ukrainian-","category-welsh","tag-celtic","tag-engagement","tag-etymology","tag-gaelic","tag-geisel","tag-hostage","tag-kihlata","tag-language","tag-music","tag-omniglot","tag-podcast","tag-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4112"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4116,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4112\/revisions\/4116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}