{"id":3761,"date":"2025-01-25T14:45:04","date_gmt":"2025-01-25T14:45:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=3761"},"modified":"2025-01-25T14:45:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-25T14:45:04","slug":"celtic-pathways-calamitous-swords","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=3761","title":{"rendered":"Celtic Pathways &#8211; Calamitous Swords"},"content":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Calamitous Swords\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2025-01-25T14:45:04+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT2M29S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for sword, hammer and related things in Romance and Slavic languages.\n\n\n\nThe Proto-Celtic word *kladiwos means sword, and comes from Proto-Celtic *kladeti (to stab, dig), from  Proto...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2.7\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3659\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-3761-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=3761-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"calamitousswords.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for <strong>sword<\/strong>, <strong>hammer<\/strong> and related things in Romance and Slavic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/squage\/26001024422\/in\/photolist-FBC3Gw-dTyQc-8uREX4-61r772-fCjHAV-22i9dUP-2j8zaaF-fXxpQg-ahqBzA-5kmX2G-eqyNzo-qmWEs4-orWuG-d97GK7-fC5q6Q-4vsims-ivas39-4ktch9-8rShYs-i2WYkb-8rPcHD-2gCdKV2-bsnyGL-5Jdbcy-VDm53d-AiujQB-p2mxSL-27L7HcB-7wQuNL-Tfati-obZmpX-igb8ut-ehBaGr-9UnGWs-bUFnmy-dtDTac-doagYm-b6fHJx-HrGTKQ-9DM3eq-YpPMmy-hoYAkN-b6fGbP-fPzccZ-7ArGfi-G2j2m8-b6fF68-Xp3S13-4gDGVY-b6fGqg\" title=\"Swords\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/1583\/26001024422_76880e9047_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"Swords\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>The Proto-Celtic word <strong>*kladiwos<\/strong> means sword, and comes from Proto-Celtic <em>*kladeti<\/em> (to stab, dig), from  Proto-Indo-European <em>*kl\u0325h\u2082d\u02b0-\u00e9-ti<\/em>, from <em>*kelh\u2082-<\/em> (to beat, strike) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kladiwos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Related words in the modern Celtic languages include:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>cla\u00edomh<\/strong> [kl\u032a\u02e0i\u02d0v\u02e0\/kl\u032a\u02e0i\u02d0w] = sword in Irish<\/li>\n<li><strong>claidheamh<\/strong> [kl\u032a\u02e0aj\u0259v] = sword in Scottish Gaelic<\/li>\n<li><strong>cliwe<\/strong> = sword in Manx<\/li>\n<li><strong>cleddyf<\/strong> [\u02c8kl\u025b\u00f0\u0268\u031ev\/\u02c8kle\u02d0\u00f0\u026av] = sword, blade, brace (<em>on a door or wall<\/em>) in Welsh<\/li>\n<li><strong>kledha<\/strong> = sword in Cornish<\/li>\n<li><strong>kleze<\/strong> [\u02c8kle\u02d0.ze] = sword, glaive (a light lance with a long, sharp-pointed head) in Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For more about words for <strong>sword<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages, see the Celtiadur post: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/12\/20\/swords-spikes\/\">Swords &#038; Spikes<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Words directly from the same Proto-Celtic root <em>*kladiwos<\/em> (sword) include <strong>kladivo<\/strong> (hammer, gavel) in Croatian, <strong>kladivo<\/strong> (hammer, sledgehammer) in Czech, <strong>kladivo<\/strong> (hammer, stamp, maul, hammerhead) in Slovak, <strong>kladivo<\/strong> (hammer, sledgehammer) in Slovenian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kladiwos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root <em>*kladiwos<\/em> (sword), via Gaulish <em>*kladyos<\/em> (sword), and Latin <em>gladius<\/em> (sword, death, a gladiatorial contest), possibly include <strong>gladiator<\/strong>, <strong>gladiolus<\/strong> and <strong>glaive<\/strong> in English, <strong>esglai<\/strong> (fright) in Catalan, <strong>ghiado<\/strong> (sword, dagger, knife, frost, cold), and <strong>giaggiolo<\/strong> (iris [flower]) in Italian, <strong>gl\u00e1dio<\/strong> (sword, power, strength) in Portuguese and <strong>gla\u00efeul<\/strong> (gladiolus) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/gladius#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>calamity<\/strong>, <strong>clade<\/strong>, <strong>clergy<\/strong>, <strong>cleric<\/strong>, <strong>clerk<\/strong>, <strong>coup<\/strong>, and <strong>glaive<\/strong> in English, <strong>\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044f<\/strong> (kolja &#8211; to slaughter, butcher) in Bulgarian, <strong>k\u0142oda <\/strong> (log, trunk, beehive, barrel) in Polish, and <strong>Holz<\/strong> (wood) in German [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/kelh%E2%82%82-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href=\"https:\/\/blubrry.com\/services\/podcast-hosting\/?code=omniglot\">Blubrry Podcast Hosting<\/a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Calamitous Swords\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2025-01-25T14:45:04+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT2M29S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for sword, hammer and related things in Romance and Slavic languages.\n\n\n\nThe Proto-Celtic word *kladiwos means sword, and comes from Proto-Celtic *kladeti (to stab, dig), from  Proto...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"2.7\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3660\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-3761-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=3761-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/calamitousswords.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"calamitousswords.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we discover the possible Celtic roots of some words for sword, hammer and related things in Romance and Slavic languages. The Proto-Celtic word *kladiwos means sword, and comes from Proto-Celtic *kladeti (to stab, dig), from Proto-Indo-European *kl\u0325h\u2082d\u02b0-\u00e9-ti, from *kelh\u2082- (to beat, strike) [source]. Related words in the modern Celtic languages include: cla\u00edomh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,121,115,122,37,202,33,56,23,117,24,6,12,4,50,36,11,1,63,27,94,59,5,72,203,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-bulgarian-","category-catalan-catala","category-celtic-pathways","category-cornish","category-croatian-hrvatski","category-czech","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-german","category-irish","category-italian","category-language","category-latin","category-manx","category-music","category-podcast","category-polish-polski","category-portuguese","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-scottish-gaelic","category-slovak-slovencina","category-slovenian-slovenscina","category-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3761"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3761\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3762,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3761\/revisions\/3762"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}