{"id":2785,"date":"2023-06-03T11:05:58","date_gmt":"2023-06-03T11:05:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=2785"},"modified":"2023-06-03T12:11:25","modified_gmt":"2023-06-03T12:11:25","slug":"adventures-in-etymology-friend","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=2785","title":{"rendered":"Adventures in Etymology &#8211; Friend"},"content":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Adventures in Etymology &amp;#8211; Friend\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2023-06-03T11:05:58+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this Adventure we find out what links the word friend with words like afraid, free and  Friday.\n\n\n\nA friend [f\u0279\u025bnd] is:\n\n \tA person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_5754\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2785-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=2785-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"friend.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this Adventure we find out what links the word <strong>friend<\/strong> with words like <strong>afraid<\/strong>, <strong>free<\/strong> and  <strong>Friday<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/52802570245\/in\/dateposted\/\" title=\"The winning quiz team\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/52802570245_36b3f9f70e_z.jpg\" alt=\"The winning quiz team\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>A <strong>friend<\/strong> [f\u0279\u025bnd] is:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection.<\/li>\n<li>A person with whom one is vaguely or indirectly acquainted.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It comes from Middle English <em>fre(e)nd<\/em> [fre\u02d0nd] (A friend or compatriot; a close associate; A patron, philanthropist, or supporter; A family member; one of one&#8217;s kin), from Old English <em>fr\u0113ond<\/em> [fre\u035co\u02d0nd] (friend, lover) from Proto-West-Germanic <em>*friund<\/em> (friend), from Proto-Germanic <em>*frij\u014dndz<\/em> (friend, loved one), from PIE <em>*preyH- <\/em> (to love, to please) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/friend#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>English words from the same roots include <strong>afraid<\/strong>, <strong>free<\/strong>, <strong>proper<\/strong> and possibly <strong>Friday<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/preyH-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><strong>Friday<\/strong>? It comes from Old English <em>fr\u012b\u0121ed\u00e6\u0121<\/em> [\u02c8fri\u02d0.je\u02ccd\u00e6j] (Friday), from Proto-Western-Germanic <em>*Fr\u012bj\u0101 dag<\/em> (Friday, \u201cFrigg\u2019s day\u201d), a calque of the Latin <em>di\u0113s Veneris<\/em> (Friday, \u201cday of Venus\u201d). Fr\u012bj\u0101\/Frigg was the Norse goddess of love, and associated with the Roman goddess Venus. Her name possibly comes from Proto-Germanic <em>*frij\u014dn\u0105<\/em> (to love, free, like), from <em>*frijaz<\/em> (free), from PIE <em>*priH\u00f3s<\/em> (dear, beloved, happy, free), from <em>*preyH- <\/em> (to love, to please) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Friday#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>So you could say that Friday is the day of freedom, or friendship or love, or all three. Whichever you prefer.<\/p>\n<p>Incidentally, the second syllables of the names <strong>Geoffrey\/Jeffrey<\/strong>, <strong>Godfrey<\/strong>, <strong>Siegfried<\/strong> and <strong>Winfred<\/strong> come ultimately from PIE <em>*preyH-<\/em> as well [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/preyH-\">source<\/a>]. However, the name <strong>Winifred<\/strong> comes from Welsh <strong>Gwenfrewi<\/strong>, from <strong>gwen<\/strong> (white, fair, blessed) and <strong>ffrwd<\/strong> (brook, stream) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Winifred#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s a <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/YpYGKTKAUh0\">video<\/a> I made of this information:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YpYGKTKAUh0\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Video made with <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/37vAg5P\">Doodly<\/a> [afflilate link].<\/p>\n<p>I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/\">Omniglot Blog<\/a>, and I explore etymological connections between Celtic languages on the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/\">Celtiadur<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/gb\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\/id1432641094\">Apple Podcasts<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/music.amazon.com\/podcasts\/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3\/radio-omniglot\">Amazon Music<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stitcher.com\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\">Stitcher<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/tunein.com\/podcasts\/Education-Podcasts\/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145\/\">TuneIn<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.podchaser.com\/podcasts\/radio-omniglot-716327\">Podchaser<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/player.fm\/series\/radio-omniglot\">PlayerFM<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/podtail.com\/da\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\/\">podtail<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/uk\/cgi-bin\/webscr?cmd=_flow&amp;SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&amp;dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63\">PayPal<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/omniglot\">Patreon<\/a>, or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/donations.htm\">contribute to Omniglot in other ways<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Radio Omniglot podcasts are brought to you in association with <a href=\"https:\/\/blubrry.com\/services\/podcast-hosting\/?code=omniglot\">Blubrry Podcast Hosting<\/a>, a great place to host your podcasts. Get your first month free with the promo code <strong>omniglot<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Adventures in Etymology &amp;#8211; Friend\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2023-06-03T11:05:58+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this Adventure we find out what links the word friend with words like afraid, free and  Friday.\n\n\n\nA friend [f\u0279\u025bnd] is:\n\n \tA person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_5755\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2785-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=2785-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/etymology\/friend.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"friend.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this Adventure we find out what links the word friend with words like afraid, free and Friday. A friend [f\u0279\u025bnd] is: A person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection. A person with whom one is vaguely or indirectly acquainted. It [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[98,20,4,58,55,1,57,59,119,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adventures-in-etymology","category-english","category-language","category-middle-english","category-old-english-aenglisc","category-podcast","category-proto-germanic","category-proto-indo-european","category-proto-west-germanic","category-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2785"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2791,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2785\/revisions\/2791"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}