{"id":2239,"date":"2022-10-08T12:31:34","date_gmt":"2022-10-08T12:31:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=2239"},"modified":"2022-10-08T12:38:11","modified_gmt":"2022-10-08T12:38:11","slug":"celtic-pathways-iron","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=2239","title":{"rendered":"Celtic Pathways &#8211; Iron"},"content":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Iron\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2022-10-08T12:31:34+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we are digging up the origins of the word iron.\n\n\n\nThe Proto-Celtic word for iron is *\u012bsarnom. It comes from the Proto-Indo-European *h\u2081\u0113sh\u2082r\u0325no-  (bloody, red), from *h\u2081\u00e9sh\u2082r\u0325 (blood) [source].\n\nDescendants in the Celtic languages in...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3318\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2239-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=2239-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"iron.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we are digging up the origins of the word <strong>iron<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/bambe1964\/6778314087\/in\/photolist-aAFGtg-2jufn4c-939enU-2jjHn62-YDCE3-imQTvr-7cj8SN-5py8ag-mRknq-buyWh-9UQvTx-dbxU-HBAjE-2nwMsHE-4Soz6Q-4eae-wGh42-2nvxNDK-RJvu8-jyivX-4afVg9-GnF26t-2kNBDkc-AkJ2Kp-2h9unaS-bjYCCg-d1dnoQ-7yxpik-7yBoud-p6fHXf-4WR1xb-ahxjRS-98Gt-HGoJE-8gffMd-MonQsZ-2iXVXG7-97xEtN-DW44dM-bMyetk-5syvBe-2yJdi-5YuXBp-a5i6Co-6AnJMo-7wDg-rijPrQ-8KCEHz-ac5myt-eAhw\" title=\"iron fence\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7017\/6778314087_00b19bbe80_z.jpg\" alt=\"iron fence\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>The Proto-Celtic word for iron is <strong>*\u012bsarnom<\/strong>. It comes from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2081\u0113sh\u2082r\u0325no- <\/em> (bloody, red), from <em>*h\u2081\u00e9sh\u2082r\u0325<\/em> (blood) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/%C4%ABsarnom\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Descendants in the Celtic languages include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>iarann<\/strong> [\u02c8i\u0259\u027e\u02e0\u0259n\u032a\u02e0] = iron in Irish<\/li>\n<li><strong>iarann<\/strong> [i\u0259r\u032a\u02e0\u0259n\u032a\u02e0] = iron, (metal) blade, day\u2019s worth cutting peat (for two) in Scottish Gaelic<\/li>\n<li><strong>yiarn<\/strong> = iron; tool, scythe, blade; dough (money); tip (gratuity) in Manx<\/li>\n<li><strong>haearn<\/strong> = iron, iron bar, hardness, strength, resoluteness, hard, strong, unyielding in Welsh<\/li>\n<li><strong>horn<\/strong> = iron in Cornish<\/li>\n<li><strong>houarn<\/strong> [\u02c8hu\u02d0.arn] = iron, flat iron; horseshoe in Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Words for iron in Germanic languages come from the same Proto-Celtic root, via the Proto-Germanic <em>*\u012bsarn\u0105<\/em> (iron). They include <strong>iron<\/strong> in English, <strong>ijzer<\/strong> in Dutch, <strong>Eisen<\/strong> in German, <strong>j\u00e4rn<\/strong> in Swedish, and <strong>jern<\/strong> in Danish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic\/%C4%ABsarn%C4%85\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE roots, include <strong>\u0561\u0580\u0575\u0578\u0582\u0576<\/strong> (aryun &#8211; blood, slaughter) in Armenian, <strong>asinis<\/strong> (blood, temperament, origin) in Latvian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/h%E2%82%81%C3%A9sh%E2%82%82r%CC%A5\">source<\/a>], words for <strong>blood<\/strong> in Romance languages [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/sanguis#Latin\">source<\/a>], and words for <strong>sister<\/strong> in most European languages [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/sw%C3%A9s%C5%8Dr\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/05\/27\/iron\/\">More details about these words on Celtiadur<\/a>, a blog where I explore connections between Celtic languages in more depth. I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/\">Omniglot Blog<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/gb\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\/id1432641094\">Apple Podcasts<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/music.amazon.com\/podcasts\/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3\/radio-omniglot\">Amazon Music<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stitcher.com\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\">Stitcher<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/tunein.com\/podcasts\/Education-Podcasts\/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145\/\">TuneIn<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.podchaser.com\/podcasts\/radio-omniglot-716327\">Podchaser<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/player.fm\/series\/radio-omniglot\">PlayerFM<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/podtail.com\/da\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\/\">podtail<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/uk\/cgi-bin\/webscr?cmd=_flow&amp;SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&amp;dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63\">PayPal<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/omniglot\">Patreon<\/a>, or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/donations.htm\">contribute to Omniglot in other ways<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Iron\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2022-10-08T12:31:34+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we are digging up the origins of the word iron.\n\n\n\nThe Proto-Celtic word for iron is *\u012bsarnom. It comes from the Proto-Indo-European *h\u2081\u0113sh\u2082r\u0325no-  (bloody, red), from *h\u2081\u00e9sh\u2082r\u0325 (blood) [source].\n\nDescendants in the Celtic languages in...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3319\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2239-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=2239-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/iron.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"iron.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we are digging up the origins of the word iron. The Proto-Celtic word for iron is *\u012bsarnom. It comes from the Proto-Indo-European *h\u2081\u0113sh\u2082r\u0325no- (bloody, red), from *h\u2081\u00e9sh\u2082r\u0325 (blood) [source]. Descendants in the Celtic languages include: iarann [\u02c8i\u0259\u027e\u02e0\u0259n\u032a\u02e0] = iron in Irish iarann [i\u0259r\u032a\u02e0\u0259n\u032a\u02e0] = iron, (metal) blade, day\u2019s worth cutting peat (for [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40,38,122,37,31,47,20,56,24,6,4,36,1,94,57,59,5,30,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-armenian","category-breton","category-celtic-pathways","category-cornish","category-danish","category-dutch","category-english","category-etymology","category-german","category-irish","category-language","category-manx","category-podcast","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-germanic","category-proto-indo-european","category-scottish-gaelic","category-swedish","category-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2239"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2244,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions\/2244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}