{"id":2176,"date":"2022-09-02T14:00:13","date_gmt":"2022-09-02T14:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=2176"},"modified":"2024-05-11T12:27:11","modified_gmt":"2024-05-11T12:27:11","slug":"celtic-pathways-horses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?p=2176","title":{"rendered":"Celtic Pathways &#8211; Horses"},"content":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Horses\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2022-09-02T14:00:13+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M19S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we\u2019re looking at words for horses and related beasts.\n\n\n\nOne Proto-Celtic word for horse was *kaballos, which possibly comes from an Asiatic source, and may ultimately come from the Proto-Indo-European *keb\u02b0- (worn-out horse, nag) [so...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"3.6\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3484\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2176-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=2176-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"horses.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we\u2019re looking at words for <strong>horses<\/strong> and related beasts.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/2768177042\/\" title=\"Horse in a field \/ Capall i bp\u00e1irc\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3208\/2768177042_b61b3632db_z.jpg\" alt=\"Horse in a field \/ Capall i bp\u00e1irc\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>One Proto-Celtic word for horse was <strong>*kaballos<\/strong>, which possibly comes from an Asiatic source, and may ultimately come from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*keb\u02b0-<\/em> (worn-out horse, nag) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kaballos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Descendants in the Celtic languages include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>*caballos<\/strong> = horse in Gaulish<\/li>\n<li><strong>capall<\/strong> [\u02c8kap\u02e0\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = horse, mare in Irish<\/li>\n<li><strong>capall<\/strong> [kahb\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = mare, colt, horse, small horse in Scottish Gaulish<\/li>\n<li><strong>cabbyl<\/strong> = horse in Manx<\/li>\n<li><strong>ceffyl<\/strong> [\u02c8k\u025bf\u0268\u031el \/ \u02c8k\u025bf\u026al] = horse, nag in Welsh<\/li>\n<li><strong>cevil, kevil<\/strong> = horse in Middle Cornish, and <strong>kevelek<\/strong> (woodcock) in Revived Cornish<\/li>\n<li><strong>cefel<\/strong> = horse in Old Breton, and <strong>kefeleg<\/strong> (woodcock) in modern Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Gaulish word <em>*caballos<\/em> was borrowed into Latin as <em>caballus<\/em>. In Classical Latin it was only used in poetry, while <em>equus<\/em> was the usual word for horse. In Vulgar Latin and Late Latin <em>caballus<\/em> was more commonly used, and mean a horse, nag, pack-horse, jade or hack.<\/p>\n<p>Words for horse in various other languages come from the same Latin root, including <strong>cavallo<\/strong> in Italian, <strong>caballo<\/strong> in Spanish, <strong>cavalo<\/strong> in Portuguese and <strong>cheval<\/strong> in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/caballus#Latin\">source<\/a>]. The English words <strong>cavalry<\/strong>, <strong>chivalry<\/strong> and <strong>cavalier<\/strong> also come from the same Latin roots [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cavalry\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Another Proto-Celtic word for horse was <strong>*ek\u02b7os<\/strong>, which comes from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2081\u00e9\u1e31wos<\/em> (stallion, horse) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kaballos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Descendants in the Celtic languages include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>epos<\/strong> = horse in Gaulish<\/li>\n<li><strong>each<\/strong> [ax] = horse (<em>archaic<\/em>) Irish<\/li>\n<li><strong>each<\/strong> [\u025bx] = horse in Scottish Gaulish<\/li>\n<li><strong>eagh<\/strong> = steed, riding horse in Manx<\/li>\n<li><strong>ebol<\/strong> [\u02c8\u025bb\u0254l \/ \u02c8e\u02d0b\u0254l] = colt, foal, sucker in Welsh<\/li>\n<li><strong>ebel<\/strong> = horse in Cornish<\/li>\n<li><strong>ebeul<\/strong> [\u02c8e.b\u00f8l] = foal in Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The English words <strong>equine<\/strong>, <strong>equestrian<\/strong> come from the same PIE root, via Latin  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/equinus#Latin\">source<\/a>], as do words beginning with <strong>hippo-<\/strong>, such as <strong>hippopotamus<\/strong>, <strong>hippodrome<\/strong> and <strong>hippomancy<\/strong> (divination by the interpretation of the appearance and behaviour of horses) the via Ancient Greek  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Category:English_words_prefixed_with_hippo-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Another Proto-Celtic word for horse was <strong>*markos<\/strong>, which possibly comes from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*m\u00e1rkos<\/em> (horse) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/m%C3%A1rkos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Descendants in the Celtic languages include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>marc<\/strong> [m\u02e0a\u027e\u02e0k] = horse (<em>literary, archaic<\/em>) Irish<\/li>\n<li><strong>marc<\/strong> [marxk] = charger, warhorse (<em>literary<\/em>) in Scottish Gaulish<\/li>\n<li><strong>mark<\/strong> = horse in Manx<\/li>\n<li><strong>march<\/strong> [mar\u03c7] = horse, stallion, war-horse, steed in Welsh<\/li>\n<li><strong>margh<\/strong> [\u02c8ma\u027ex] = horse in Cornish<\/li>\n<li><strong>marc\u2019h<\/strong> [\u02c8ma\u0281\u03c7] = horse, easel in Breton<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The English words <strong>mare<\/strong> and <strong>marshal<\/strong> possibly come from the same roots [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic\/marhaz\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2020\/01\/05\/horses\/\">More details about these words on Celtiadur<\/a>, a blog where I explore connections between Celtic languages in more depth. I also write about words, etymology and other language-related topics on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/bloggle\/\">Omniglot Blog<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You can also listen to this podcast on: <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/gb\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\/id1432641094\">Apple Podcasts<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/music.amazon.com\/podcasts\/8b1b1d1b-b39e-4277-b28d-479a3b5043b3\/radio-omniglot\">Amazon Music<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stitcher.com\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\">Stitcher<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/tunein.com\/podcasts\/Education-Podcasts\/Radio-Omniglot-p1154145\/\">TuneIn<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.podchaser.com\/podcasts\/radio-omniglot-716327\">Podchaser<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/player.fm\/series\/radio-omniglot\">PlayerFM<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/podtail.com\/da\/podcast\/radio-omniglot\/\">podtail<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If you would like to support this podcast, you can make a donation via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/uk\/cgi-bin\/webscr?cmd=_flow&amp;SESSION=aLjPfXL-vP_1gQ_U23Iz8_hSWLlhzLHPMFZrt32dIEfG8htoNFLYaPoWkv8&amp;dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8def8934b92a630e40b7fef61ab7e9fe63\">PayPal<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patreon.com\/omniglot\">Patreon<\/a>, or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/donations.htm\">contribute to Omniglot in other ways<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/AudioObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Celtic Pathways &amp;#8211; Horses\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2022-09-02T14:00:13+00:00\" \/><meta itemprop=\"encodingFormat\" content=\"audio\/mpeg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M19S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"In this episode we\u2019re looking at words for horses and related beasts.\n\n\n\nOne Proto-Celtic word for horse was *kaballos, which possibly comes from an Asiatic source, and may ultimately come from the Proto-Indo-European *keb\u02b0- (worn-out horse, nag) [so...\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\" \/><meta itemprop=\"contentSize\" content=\"3.6\" \/><div class=\"powerpress_player\" id=\"powerpress_player_3485\"><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-2176-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\">https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3<\/a><\/audio><\/div><\/div><p class=\"powerpress_links powerpress_links_mp3\" style=\"margin-bottom: 1px !important;\">Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_pinw\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Play in new window\" onclick=\"return powerpress_pinw('https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/?powerpress_pinw=2176-podcast');\" rel=\"nofollow\">Play in new window<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/media.blubrry.com\/radio_omniglot\/www.omniglot.com\/soundfiles\/celticpathways\/horses.mp3\" class=\"powerpress_link_d\" title=\"Download\" rel=\"nofollow\" download=\"horses.mp3\">Download<\/a><\/p><p>In this episode we\u2019re looking at words for horses and related beasts. One Proto-Celtic word for horse was *kaballos, which possibly comes from an Asiatic source, and may ultimately come from the Proto-Indo-European *keb\u02b0- (worn-out horse, nag) [source]. Descendants in the Celtic languages include: *caballos = horse in Gaulish capall [\u02c8kap\u02e0\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = horse, mare in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97,38,122,37,20,56,23,117,6,12,4,50,36,1,27,94,59,5,28,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ancient-greek-","category-breton","category-celtic-pathways","category-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-irish","category-italian","category-language","category-latin","category-manx","category-podcast","category-portuguese","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish","category-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2176"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2176\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3362,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2176\/revisions\/3362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2176"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/radio\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}