{"id":8991,"date":"2025-09-24T14:11:08","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T13:11:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8991"},"modified":"2025-09-24T14:11:08","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T13:11:08","slug":"crested-combs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2025\/09\/24\/crested-combs\/","title":{"rendered":"Crested Combs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>comb<\/strong>, <strong>crest<\/strong> <strong>furrow<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/7930283@N04\/5210557582\/in\/photolist-8WrteG-2jA8cRA-6D5bDU-bEoFzH-rvvRK-dVzxqN-dDurhy-4BqGEr-2j4boX9-2Sg5vL-2oLiDE4-63FaJX-4UQpHo-89AGMG-5JkpJP-2mcfpEd-6cBAqa-5n1BBq-8dbcib-kSGGcf-fEvin-2pv99iq-UAsXRv-5WQYwo-2g4ALhV-bzPrkD-9xbXz-2ofmRwV-2roEXMu-rML8Pg-HGYfZL-LANYvF-2htN3i2-2n7rVkJ-2kQLry9-2qNMU2B-5FEPCz-Hc8hE8-2ny7g3A-eFqUwe-ZgKJwC-2pNhhb2-2pz5oV9-22MxnqW-2jHYyW1-2iuS8Nz-2j6zCgz-2d8qyP1-2rmp4UQ-2qeJpqr\" title=\"combs\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4144\/5210557582_d9425f10a1_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"540\" alt=\"combs\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*k&#299;sr&#257;<\/strong> = comb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&iacute;r<\/strong> [&#712;k&#690;i&#720;&#638;] = comb, rake, crest, tip<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&iacute;r, cir<\/strong> = comb, rake, crest, tip<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;rach<\/strong> = crested helmet<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;raid<\/strong> = to comb, to smooth out<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;r&aacute;n, c&iacute;r&iacute;n<\/strong> = crest<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;rmaire, cirmure<\/strong> = comber or fuller of cloth, comb maker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&iacute;or<\/strong> [ci&#720;&#638;&#736; \/ ci&#601;&#638;&#736;] = comb, crest, cud; to comb, examine minutely, search<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;orach<\/strong> = toothed<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;oradh<\/strong> = combing, discussion, examination, hair-pulling, quarrelling<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;orad&oacute;ir<\/strong> = comber<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;or&aacute;n, c&iacute;r&iacute;n<\/strong> = crest<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;orl&aacute;il<\/strong> = combing, searching, rough handling; to comb, search, rummage<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;orl&aacute;la&iacute;<\/strong> = searcher, rummager, rough customer<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;ormhaire<\/strong> = (wool) comber, fuller, comb maker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&igrave;r<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;r&#690;] = comb, cud, honeycomb<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;readh<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;r&#690;&#601;&#611;] = (act of) combing, carding, teazing<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;reag<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;r&#690;ag] = small comb<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;rean<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;r&#690;an] = comb, crest, ridging<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;reanach<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;r&#690;an&#601;x] = pertaining to or abounding in combs, crested<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kerey<\/strong> = comb, combing, groom, hackle, teasel; to comb, mop up, tease (wool)<br>\n<strong>kere<\/strong> [k&#690;e&#720;r&#690; \/ k&#690;i&#720;r] = cobbler&rsquo;s wax, comb, wax<br>\n<strong>kereen<\/strong> = comb, coxcomb, crest, pack, topknot<br>\n<strong>kereyder<\/strong> = comber, waxer (of wool), teaser, hackler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kes-<\/em> (to comb, scratch) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/c%C3%ADr#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>verheddern<\/strong> (to entangle sth, to become entangled, to get stuck, confused) in German, <strong>hahtuva<\/strong> (fluff) in Finnish, <strong>kasti<\/strong> (mto dig, rake) in Lithuanian, <strong>&#269;esat<\/strong> (to comb) in Czech, <strong>&#1082;&#1086;&#1089;&#1103;<\/strong> (to mow, reap, cut) in Bulgaran, <strong>haar<\/strong> (hair) in Dutch, <strong>h&aring;r<\/strong> (hair) in Norwegian, Swedish and Danish, and <strong>hair<\/strong> English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/kes-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kr&#299;k&#695;&#257;<\/strong> = trench, furrow, boundary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cr&iacute;ch<\/strong> [&#712;k&#690;&#638;&#690;i&#720;x] = boundary, border, furrow, territory, area<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;chnaigid<\/strong> = to complete, fulfil<br>\n<strong>coicr&iacute;ch<\/strong> = border (region), neighbouring territory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cr&iacute;ch, crich<\/strong> [k&#690;&#638;&#690;i&#720;x] = boundary, limit (of territory), end, aim, purpose, confines, territory, district, land<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;chnaid<\/strong> = to delimit, bound, fix bounds to<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;chnaigecht<\/strong> = limits<br>\n<strong>coicr&iacute;ch, coiccrich<\/strong> = border, march, neighbouring or foreign territory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cr&iacute;och<\/strong> [c&#638;&#690;i&#720;x] = limit, boundary, region, territory, end, completion, conclusion, fulfilment, settlement<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochad&oacute;ir<\/strong> = marker of boundaries<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochad&oacute;ireacht<\/strong> = demarcation, marking of boundaries<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochaigh<\/strong> = to demarcate<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochantacht<\/strong> = bounding, bordering<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochnaigh<\/strong> = to finish, complete, accomplish<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochn&uacute;<\/strong> = completion, accomplishment<br>\n<strong>cr&iacute;ochn&uacute;il<\/strong> = complete, thorough, neat, methodical<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cr&igrave;och<\/strong> [kr&#690;i&#601;x] = border, frontier, boundary, end, close, finale, finish, limit(ation), goal, confines<br>\n<strong>cr&igrave;ochach<\/strong> [kr&#690;i&#601;x&#601;x] = finite<br>\n<strong>cr&igrave;ochadair<\/strong> [kr&#690;i&#601;x&#601;d&#618;r&#690;] = borderer<br>\n<strong>cr&igrave;ochadaireachd<\/strong> [kr&#690;i&#601;x&#601;d&#618;r&#690;&#601;xg] = bordering, demarcation, division<br>\n<strong>cr&igrave;ochadh<\/strong> [kr&#690;i&#601;x&#601;&#611;] = ending, closing, finishing, terminating<br>\n<strong>cr&igrave;ochaire<\/strong> [kr&#690;i&#601;x&#618;r&#690;&#601;] = border guard\/keeper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>creagh<\/strong> [kr&#616;&#601;x] = furrow, stack<br>\n<strong>creeagh<\/strong> = border(line), boundary, termination<br>\n<strong>creaghnaghey<\/strong> = to accomplish, complete, conclude<br>\n<strong>creaghnee<\/strong> = to accomplish<br>\n<strong>creaghney<\/strong> = to accomplish, completion<br>\n<strong>creaghnit<\/strong> = complete(d)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*krib<\/strong> = (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>crip<\/strong> = comb, crest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>crib<\/strong> = comb, wild teasel, crest<br>\n<strong>cribo, cribaf, kribo<\/strong> = to comb, curry<br>\n<strong>cribiad<\/strong> = combing, carding, scratch<br>\n<strong>krybyn, cribin, kribyn<\/strong> = rake, grasping or miserly person, skinflint<br>\n<strong>kribawc, kribawg, kribyoc, criboc, cribog<\/strong> = combed, comb-like, indented, ridged, steep crested<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>crib<\/strong> [kri&#720;b] = comb, wild teasel, crest, pride, self-conceit, honeycomb, bridge of a violin<br>\n<strong>cribell<\/strong> = small comb, crest of a bird, ridge, ledge, summit<br>\n<strong>cribin<\/strong> = rake, grasping or miserly person, skinflint<br>\n<strong>cribo<\/strong> = to comb, curry (to groom), cope, climb, clamber, creep<br>\n<strong>crib(i)og<\/strong> = combed, comb-like, indented, ridged, steep crested<br>\n<strong>cribwr, cribydd<\/strong> = comber, ones who cards wool, carding-machine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>crib, cr&icirc;b<\/strong> = comb, ridge, crest, summit<br>\n<strong>criba(s)<\/strong> = to comb<br>\n<strong>criban<\/strong> = comb, crest, tuft, plume<br>\n<strong>cribia<\/strong> = to card wool<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>krib<\/strong> = comb, reef, ar&ecirc;te<br>\n<strong>kribas<\/strong> = to comb<br>\n<strong>kribek, kribys<\/strong> = furrowed<br>\n<strong>kribel<\/strong> = teasel<br>\n<strong>kriben<\/strong> = ridge<br>\n<strong>kribya<\/strong> = to card wool<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>crip<\/strong> = comb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>crib<\/strong> = comb<br>\n<strong>cribar<\/strong> = to comb<br>\n<strong>cribell<\/strong> = crest<br>\n<strong>cribenn<\/strong> = crest, peak<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>krib<\/strong> [&#712;kri&#720;p] = comb, crest, summit<br>\n<strong>kriba&ntilde;<\/strong> = to comb<br>\n<strong>kribell<\/strong> = crest, toupee<br>\n<strong>kribella&ntilde;<\/strong> = to provide with a crest, crested<br>\n<strong>kribelleg<\/strong> = crested<br>\n<strong>kribenn<\/strong> = crest, peak, comb, summit, chatter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*krek-<\/em> (post) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kr%C4%ABk%CA%B7%C4%81\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &ndash; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/fr\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for comb, crest furrow and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *k\u012bsr\u0101 = comb Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) c\u00edr [\u02c8k\u02b2i\u02d0\u027e] = comb, rake, crest, tip Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) c\u00edr, cir = comb, rake, crest, tip c\u00edrach = crested helmet c\u00edraid = to comb, to smooth out c\u00edr\u00e1n, c\u00edr\u00edn [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,132,26,75,63,81,19,129,61,21,3,110,22,5,6,37,113,27,8,10,40,11,12,13,23,64,135,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-bulgarian-","category-kernewek-cornish","category-czech-cestina","category-danish-dansk","category-dutch-nederlands","category-english","category-finnish-suomi","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-lithuanian-lietuviu-kalba","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-norwegian-norsk","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-swedish-svenska","category-tools","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8991","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8991"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8991\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8993,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8991\/revisions\/8993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}