{"id":8956,"date":"2025-08-27T13:20:27","date_gmt":"2025-08-27T12:20:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8956"},"modified":"2025-08-27T13:20:27","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T12:20:27","slug":"coughing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2025\/08\/27\/coughing\/","title":{"rendered":"Coughing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>cough<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/andymorffew\/52226594529\/in\/photolist-2nz5X1n-JoHHmj-2r8WEBf-484rnZ-2nx9Gmg-XqAbQ1-2mLX2RN-aV9pmK-6a93m7-2qZRVaR-2eVbXws-LHw9Z8-2iqDoEs-2nVZYty-5hy8rv-2kVfygS-FKRxX-scm7Vh-2qVZtBo-JYxzVH-9ZsBe-2o1MafU-2iVHyHG-7Lkquf-5TVgQg-6ixQbr-7nQHFi-6h45UQ-8TKB5M-9R9G7L-2p35GgK-jZg6UH-5nVujx-ii7V5o-9Zm4R-Pk1Y7B-qFjbLW-8isbK7-2jyRBYM-GNXyR-qFkjoE-qFsYPv-q1TCXs-5qbULx-6MoTcE-6MoTA3-2qte8Fd-6MoTUj-cQBa3J-2qHv2t6\" title=\"Fish Bone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/52226594529_aa85d5aa69_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"512\" alt=\"Fish Bone\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*k\u02b7ast-<\/strong> = cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cosachtach<\/strong> = act of coughing, cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cosachtach<\/strong> = act of coughing, cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casacht<\/strong> [\u02c8k\u0251s\u02e0\u0259xt\u032a\u02e0] = cough<br \/>\n<strong>casacht a dh\u00e9anamh<\/strong> = to cough<br \/>\n<strong>casachtach<\/strong> [k\u0259\u02c8s\u02e0\u0251xt\u032a\u02e0\u0259x] = (act of) coughing, cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casad<\/strong> [kas\u0259d] = (act of) coughing, cough<br \/>\n<strong>casadach<\/strong> [kas\u0259d\u0259x] = cough, pertaining to or abounding in coughs<br \/>\n<strong>casachd<\/strong> [kas\u0259xg] = coughing,<br \/>\n<strong>casachdaich<\/strong> [kas\u0259d\u026a\u00e7] = (act of) coughing, cough<br \/>\n<strong>castaich<\/strong> [kasd\u026a\u00e7] = (act of) coughing, cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cassaght<\/strong> = cough<br \/>\n<strong>cassaghtee<\/strong> = coughing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*pas<\/strong> = cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pas, p\u00e2s<\/strong> = cough<br \/>\n<strong>peswch<\/strong> = a cough, a fit of coughing<br \/>\n<strong>pessychu, pvssuvchv<\/strong> = to cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pas<\/strong> [pa\u02d0s] = cough<br \/>\n<strong>peswch<\/strong> [\u02c8p\u025bs\u028a\u03c7] = a cough, a fit of coughing<br \/>\n<strong>peswchboeri<\/strong> = to expectorate, hawk<br \/>\n<strong>peswchboeriad<\/strong> = expectoaration, hawking<br \/>\n<strong>pesychu<\/strong> [p\u025b\u02c8s\u0259\u03c7\u0268\u031e] = to cough, fit(s) of coughing<br \/>\n<strong>pesychfa<\/strong> = a (fit of) coughing<br \/>\n<strong>pesych(i)ad<\/strong> = a coughing, cough<br \/>\n<strong>pesychwr<\/strong> = one who coughs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pas, p\u00e2z<\/strong> = cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pas<\/strong> = cough<br \/>\n<strong>pasa<\/strong> = to cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pas<\/strong> = cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>pas<\/strong> = cough<br \/>\n<strong>passat<\/strong> = to cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>paz<\/strong> [\u02c8p\u0251\u02d0s] = cough, fart<br \/>\n<strong>pasaat<\/strong> [pa\u02c8s\u0251:t] = to cough<br \/>\n<strong>pasadenn<\/strong> = fit of coughing<br \/>\n<strong>pasaer<\/strong> = cougher<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*k\u02b7eh\u2082s-<\/em> (to cough) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/k%CA%B7ast-\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same root include <strong>koll\u00eb<\/strong> (cough) in Albanian, <strong>hoest(en)<\/strong> ((to) cough) in Dutch, <strong>Husten<\/strong> (cough) in German, <strong>hoste<\/strong> (cough) in Danish, and <strong>ka\u0161el<\/strong> (cough) in Czech [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/k%CA%B7eh%E2%82%82s-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>trichem<\/strong> = cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>triuch<\/strong> = whooping cough<br \/>\n<strong>trichem, trechem<\/strong> = cough, paroxism<br \/>\n<strong>trichmech<\/strong> = fit of coughing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>triuch<\/strong> [t\u02b2\u027e\u02b2\u028ax] = whooping cough<br \/>\n<strong>tritheamh<\/strong> = fit, paroxysm<br \/>\n<strong>tritheamh casachta\u00ed<\/strong> = fit of coughing<br \/>\n<strong>tritheamhach<\/strong> = convulsive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>an triugh<\/strong> [\u0259n\u032a\u02e0 tru\u0263] = whooping cough<br \/>\n<strong>an triuth(ach)<\/strong> [\u0259n\u032a\u02e0 truh(\u0259x)] = whooping cough<br \/>\n<strong>triuthar<\/strong> [truh\u0259r] = convulsion (esp. from whooping cough)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>truh<\/strong> = whooping cough<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: in North Wales, one word for <strong>to cough<\/strong> is <strong>tagu<\/strong>, which is related to words for <strong>to choke<\/strong> and <strong>choking<\/strong> in the other Celtic languages. See the post <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/01\/28\/to-choke\/\">To Choke<\/a> for more details.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/fr\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for cough and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *k\u02b7ast- = cough Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) cosachtach = act of coughing, cough Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) cosachtach = act of coughing, cough Irish (Gaeilge) casacht [\u02c8k\u0251s\u02e0\u0259xt\u032a\u02e0] = cough casacht a dh\u00e9anamh = to cough casachtach [k\u0259\u02c8s\u02e0\u0251xt\u032a\u02e0\u0259x] = (act of) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,66,16,26,75,63,81,61,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-albanian","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-czech-cestina","category-danish-dansk","category-dutch-nederlands","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8956"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8960,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8956\/revisions\/8960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}