{"id":8887,"date":"2025-07-16T13:50:01","date_gmt":"2025-07-16T12:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8887"},"modified":"2025-07-16T13:50:01","modified_gmt":"2025-07-16T12:50:01","slug":"barrels-tuns-casks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2025\/07\/16\/barrels-tuns-casks\/","title":{"rendered":"Barrels, Tuns &#038; Casks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>barrel<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/15662866@N04\/4515233735\/in\/photolist-7SZKFv-2jiNwy5-7EbFsb-nTXsU-bxPFFZ-8HJbKG-2hxayLC-gdLVWv-2nBz2Sa-CGweA5-2jyQ6ET-pzArLL-2oDs8NR-2ovqTmZ-PWLUYj-6vfcmZ-2jEVeXD-2dzERjn-EvjTp9-Na8ykL-svoqhu-2jzjWUz-2owu98b-bLo8f-2msbvdf-6cRXQs-2nohvQ4-2heJPgf-2kS4Cys-2kiwdZT-5c7i8D-2oP9Kkf-9odZjb-PpQyx-2iAhWkE-bubsYd-PpQt4-2kAi62f-2nZ7zso-2ij1x78-oWRDdm-2oyc1t8-PwFdy-bq1CoT-nLFkQs-Bawiub-2gRRCry-2gvrLDC-2ive3gB-tEBg58\" title=\"Barrels\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4039\/4515233735_a513ae86f6_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"Barrels\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bairille<\/strong> = barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bairille<\/strong> [\u02c8b\u02e0a\u027e\u02b2\u0259l\u02b2\u0259] = barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>baraill<\/strong> [bar\u026al\u032a\u02b2] = barrel, cask<br \/>\n<strong>barailte<\/strong> [bar\u026ald\u02b2] = barrel, cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>barrel, barril<\/strong> = barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>baryl, baril, balir<\/strong> = barrel(ful), cask(ful), butt, belly<br \/>\n<strong>barileit, barrileid<\/strong> = barrelful, caskful<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>baril, barel<\/strong> = barrel(ful), cask(ful), butt, belly<br \/>\n<strong>barilo, barelu<\/strong> = to barrel, cask, resemble a barrel, drink a barrelful<br \/>\n<strong>barilaid, barelaid<\/strong> = barrelful, caskful<br \/>\n<strong>barilaidd<\/strong> = barrel-like, barrel-shaped<br \/>\n<strong>barilan, barilen<\/strong> = small barrel or cask, keg<br \/>\n<strong>barilwr, barilydd<\/strong> = cooper, tippler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>balliar<\/strong> = a hogshead, tun, barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>balyer<\/strong> = barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>barill, baril<\/strong> = barrel<br \/>\n<strong>bariillat<\/strong> = contents of a barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>barilh<\/strong> [\u02c8b\u0251\u02d0.rilj \/ \u02c8b\u0251\u02d0.ri\u028e] = barrel<br \/>\n<strong>barilhad<\/strong> = contents of a barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Middle English <em>barrel(l)<\/em> (barrel), Anglo-Norman <em>baril<\/em> (small barrel), or Old French <em>bar(e)il<\/em> (barrel), which is of uncertain origin [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/bairille#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tunna<\/strong> = barrel, cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tunna, tonna<\/strong> = tun, cask, barrel<br \/>\n<strong>tunnaid<\/strong> = to store in casks<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tonna<\/strong> = tun<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tunn<\/strong> [t\u0169\u02d0n\u032a\u02e0] = tun, barrel, put into a barrel, decant<br \/>\n<strong>tonnadair<\/strong> [t\u0254n\u032a\u02e0\u0259d\u026ar\u02b2] = tunner, barrel funnel<br \/>\n<strong>tunnadh<\/strong> [tun\u032a\u02e0\u0259\u0263] = (act of) tunning, barrelling, putting into a barrel, decanting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tun<\/strong> = tun<br \/>\n<strong>tunning<\/strong> = tun, tunning<br \/>\n<strong>thunney<\/strong> = ton, tun<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>twn<\/strong> = tun<br \/>\n<strong>tunnell, tynnell, tunel<\/strong> = tun, large cask, large barrel, vat<br \/>\n<strong>tunellho, tunella<\/strong> = to tun, barrel, cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>twn<\/strong> = tun<br \/>\n<strong>tunnell<\/strong> = tun, large cask, large barrel, vat, ton(ne)<br \/>\n<strong>tunnellu, tunellio<\/strong> = to tun, barrel, cask<br \/>\n<strong>tunnelliad<\/strong> = a tunning, barrelling, casking<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tonnel<\/strong> = a cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tonell<\/strong> = tun, barrel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tonell<\/strong> = tun, barrel, belly<br \/>\n<strong>tonellad<\/strong> = contents of a tun or barrel<br \/>\n<strong>toneller<\/strong> = cooper<br \/>\n<strong>tonellerezh<\/strong> = cooperage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Latin <em>tunna<\/em> (tun, box), probably from Gaulish <em>*tond\u0101<\/em>, from Proto-Celtic <em>*tond\u0101<\/em> (surface, skin) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/tunna#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A <strong>tun<\/strong> in English is a large cask, an oblong vessel bulging in the middle, like a pipe or puncheon, and girt with hoops; a wine cask or fermenting vat. Related words include <strong>tonne<\/strong> (1000kg) in English, <strong>ton<\/strong> (tun, barrel, cask) in Dutch, <strong>Tonne<\/strong> (tun, barrel, drum) in German, and <strong>tonneau<\/strong> (ton, barrel) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/tun#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casc<\/strong> = cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casca<\/strong> = cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casg<\/strong> [kasg] = cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casc<\/strong> = cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>casg(en)<\/strong> [kas\u0261] = cask<br \/>\n<strong>casgennu<\/strong> = to cask<br \/>\n<strong>casgennaid<\/strong> = caskful, contents of a cask<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from English <em>cask<\/em> (tun, box), from Middle French <em>casque<\/em> (helmet, hard hat), from Spanish <em>casco<\/em> (surface, skin), from <em>cascar<\/em> (to split), from Latin <em>quass\u014d<\/em> (to shake, quake, wave), from <em>quati\u014d<\/em> (I share or agitate), from Proto-Italic <em>*k\u02b7atj\u014d<\/em> (to shake) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cask#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/fr\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5001128073855040\"\n crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- Blog horizontal --><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n style=\"display:block\"\n data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5001128073855040\"\n data-ad-slot=\"1685480124\"\n data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for barrel and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) bairille = barrel Irish (Gaeilge) bairille [\u02c8b\u02e0a\u027e\u02b2\u0259l\u02b2\u0259] = barrel Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig) baraill [bar\u026al\u032a\u02b2] = barrel, cask barailte [bar\u026ald\u02b2] = barrel, cask Manx (Gaelg) barrel, barril = barrel Middle Welsh (Kymraec) baryl, baril, balir = barrel(ful), [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,116,16,26,81,19,44,25,61,21,3,36,22,5,6,77,216,37,7,27,78,10,12,13,60,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-anglo-norman-norman","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-dutch-nederlands","category-english","category-french","category-gaulish","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-english-englisch","category-middle-french-francois","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-french-franceis","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-proto-italic","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8887"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8890,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8887\/revisions\/8890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}