{"id":8721,"date":"2025-03-27T15:33:34","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T15:33:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8721"},"modified":"2025-04-18T17:24:19","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T16:24:19","slug":"scholarly-pupil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2025\/03\/27\/scholarly-pupil\/","title":{"rendered":"Scholarly Pupils"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A post about words for <strong>disciple<\/strong>, <strong>pupil<\/strong>, <strong>student<\/strong>, <strong>school<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages, and related words in other languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/36436240446\/in\/album-72157684665806711\" title=\"Cl\u00e0rsach class 2017\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4414\/36436240446_78a32c942a_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" alt=\"Cl\u00e0rsach class 2017\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>deiscipul<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u02b2es\u02b2k\u02b2ibul] = disciple, student<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>deiscipul, disgibul, deiscibul<\/strong> = disciple, pupil<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>deisceabal<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u02b2\u025b\u0283c\u0259b\u02e0\u0259l\u02e0] = disciple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>deisciobal<\/strong> [d\u02b2e\u0283g\u02b2\u0259b\u0259l\u032a\u02e0] = disciple<br \/>\n<strong>deisciobalachd<\/strong> [d\u02b2e\u0283g\u02b2\u0259b\u0259l\u032a\u02e0\u0259xg] = discipleship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*d\u0268sk\u0268bl<\/strong> = disciple (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>disgybyl, discipl, dyscybl<\/strong> = learner, pupil, beginner, apprentice, novice, adherent, follower, disciple<br \/>\n<strong>disgyblaeth, discipliaeth<\/strong> = discipline, discipleship, doctrine, religious, instruction<br \/>\n<strong>disgyblu, discyblu<\/strong> = to imitate, emulate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>disgybl<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u026as\u0261\u0268\u031ebl\/\u02c8d\u026ask\u026abl\u0329] = learner, pupil, beginner, apprentice, novice, adherent, follower, disciple<br \/>\n<strong>disgybl(i)aeth<\/strong> = discipline, discipleship, doctrine, religious, instruction<br \/>\n<strong>disgyblaethu<\/strong> = to discipline<br \/>\n<strong>disgyblu<\/strong> = to discipline, chastise, instruct, imitate, emulate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>discebel, desgibl, disgibl, dyscybbl<\/strong> = disciple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dyskybel<\/strong> = disciple<br \/>\n<strong>dyskybeleth<\/strong> = discipline<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>desquebl, disquebl, disquibl<\/strong> = disciple<br \/>\n<strong>disquebles<\/strong> = disciple (female)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diskibl, diskiblez<\/strong> = disciple, pupil<br \/>\n<strong>diskiblezh<\/strong> = discipline<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Latin <em>disculpus<\/em> (student pupil, disciple, schoolboy, cadet),  from <em>dis-<\/em> (apart, asunder) and Proto-Italic <em>*kapelos<\/em> (one who takes) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/disgybl#Welsh\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots may include <strong>disciple<\/strong> and <strong>discipline<\/strong> in English, <strong>discepolo<\/strong> (disciple, follower, pupil) in Italian, <strong>disciple<\/strong> (disciple) in French, and <strong>disciplina<\/strong> (discipline, subject) in Portuguese [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/discipulus#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>daltae<\/strong> [\u02c8dal\u0348te] = disciple, pupil, foster-child, fosterling<br \/>\n<strong>daltacht, daltachas, daltus<\/strong> = fosterage, pupilage<br \/>\n<strong>dalt\u00e1n<\/strong> [\u02c8dal\u0348ta\u02d0n] = little foster child, little pupil<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>daltae, daltai, dalta<\/strong> = a foster-son, fosterling, nursling, ward, pupil, disciple<br \/>\n<strong>dalt\u00e1n<\/strong> = a little foster-child, a pupil, aterm of endearment<br \/>\n<strong>daltachas<\/strong> = quarterage, billeting, military service, hire, tax, tribute, fosterage, guardianship<br \/>\n<strong>dailt\u00edn<\/strong> = fosterling, a impudent or quarrelsome young man<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dalta<\/strong> [d\u032a\u02e0al\u02e0t\u032a\u02e0\u0259] = foster-child, pupil, disciple, student, alumnus, cadet, pet, fondling<br \/>\n<strong>daltachas<\/strong> = fosterage, pupilage, discipleship<br \/>\n<strong>dalt\u00e1n<\/strong> = (little) foster-child, young pupil<br \/>\n<strong>daltas<\/strong> = cadetship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dalta<\/strong> [dal\u032a\u02e0d\u0259] = foster child, fosterling, stepchild<br \/>\n<strong>daltachas<\/strong> [dal\u032a\u02e0d\u0259x\u0259s] = fosterage<br \/>\n<strong>daltachd<\/strong> [dal\u032a\u02e0d\u0259xg] = fostering<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>doltey<\/strong> = adopted child, ward, fosterling, pupil, prot\u00e9g\u00e9, cadet, initiate<br \/>\n<strong>doltaghey<\/strong> = foster, fostering<br \/>\n<strong>doltaghys<\/strong> = fosterage, pupilage<br \/>\n<strong>doltanagh<\/strong> = initiate<br \/>\n<strong>dolteynys<\/strong> = adoption, wardship<br \/>\n<strong>dolteyder<\/strong> = adopted parent, adopter, fosterer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from Proto-Indo-European <em>*d\u02b0eh\u2081-lu-s<\/em>, from <em>*d\u02b0eh\u2081(y)-<\/em> (to suck), which is also the root of words such as <strong>figlio<\/strong> (son) in Italian, <strong>fils<\/strong> (son) in French, and <strong>hijo<\/strong> (son, child) in Spanish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\/D\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>meabhraitheoir<\/strong> = reflective, thoughtful, speculative person<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>myfyriwr<\/strong> = student, one who meditates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>myfyriwr, myfyrwraig<\/strong> [m\u0259\u02c8v\u0259rj\u028ar, m\u0259\u02c8v\u0259rwrai\u032f\u0261] = student, one who meditates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: (Welsh) from Welsh <strong>myfyrio<\/strong> (to meditate upon, ponder, study), from <strong>myfyr<\/strong> (meditation, thought), from Proto-Brythonic <em>*me\u03b2\u0303\u00f6r<\/em>, from Latin <em>memoria<\/em> (memory, remembrance), from <em>memor<\/em> (mindful, remembering), of uncertain origin [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/myfyriwr\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>The Irish word comes from the same Latin root, via Middle Irish <em>mebair<\/em> (recollection, memory) and Old Irish <em>mebuir<\/em> (recollection, memory) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/meabhair#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>memory<\/strong>, <strong>memoir<\/strong> and <strong>memorial<\/strong> in English, <strong>m\u00e9moire<\/strong> (memory, memo, dissertation, paper, memoir, brief) in French, <strong>memoria<\/strong> (memory, report, document) in Spanish, <strong>meabhair<\/strong> (mind, memory, consciousness, awareness, reason, sensation, feeling) in Irish, and <strong>meomhair<\/strong> (memory, memorandum, thinking) in Scottish Gaelic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/memoria#Latin\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scol<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>scolaige<\/strong> = scholar, student<br \/>\n<strong>scol\u00f3c<\/strong> = disciple, scholar, servant, student, tenant of church<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scol<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>scol\u00f3c, scol\u00f3g, scol\u00f3ic<\/strong> = scholar, pupil, student, disciple, follower, servant, youth, lad, tenant of (church) land, farmer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scoil<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>scola\u00edoch<\/strong> = scholastic<br \/>\n<strong>scola\u00edocht<\/strong> = schooling, school education<br \/>\n<strong>scol\u00e1ire<\/strong> = scholar, learned person<br \/>\n<strong>scol\u00e1ireacht<\/strong> = scholarship, learning<br \/>\n<strong>scol\u00e1rtha<\/strong> = scholarly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sgoil<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>sgoilear<\/strong> [sg\u0254l\u0259r] = scholar, pupil, schoolboy, schoolgirl, school teacher<br \/>\n<strong>sgoilearach<\/strong> [sg\u0254l\u0259r\u0259x] = scholarly, scholastic, academic(al)<br \/>\n<strong>sgoilearachas<\/strong> [sg\u0254l\u0259r\u0259x\u0259s] = scholarship<br \/>\n<strong>sgoilearachd<\/strong> [sg\u0254l\u025br\u0259xg] = scholarship, schooling, (act of) studying<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scoill, schoill<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>scollag<\/strong> = boy, lad, stripling, youngers, scholar<br \/>\n<strong>schoillar<\/strong> = scholar, student<br \/>\n<strong>scoillar<\/strong> = academic, man of learning, pupil<br \/>\n<strong>schoillaragh<\/strong> = scholarly, scholastic<br \/>\n<strong>schoillaraght, schoillarys<\/strong> = scholarship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*\u0268skol<\/strong> = school<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>escol, iscol, yscol, ysgol<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>escolheyc, yscolheic, ysgolhaig<\/strong> = scholar, erudite or learned person, disciple, pupil, student<br \/>\n<strong>escolheyctaut, ysgolhectod, ysgolheictot<\/strong> = scholarship, learning, erudition<br \/>\n<strong>ysgoler<\/strong> = pupil, schoolchild, student, scholar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ysgol<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0259sk\u0254l] = school<br \/>\n<strong>ysgolaidd<\/strong> = scholastic, educational, academic<br \/>\n<strong>ysgolhaig<\/strong> = scholar, erudite or learned person, disciple, pupil, student<br \/>\n<strong>ysgolheictod<\/strong> = scholarship, learning, erudition<br \/>\n<strong>(y)sgolor, (y)sgolar, (y)sgoler<\/strong> = pupil, schoolchild, student, scholar<br \/>\n<strong>prifysgol<\/strong> = university<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scol<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>scolheic<\/strong> = scholar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skol<\/strong> [sko\u02d0l] = school<br \/>\n<strong>skoler<\/strong> = scholar<br \/>\n<strong>skolheygel<\/strong> = scholarly, erudite<br \/>\n<strong>skolheyk, skolheyges<\/strong> = scholar, student<br \/>\n<strong>skolheygieth<\/strong> = scholarship<br \/>\n<strong>skolji<\/strong> = schoolhouse<br \/>\n<strong>pennskol, pednskol<\/strong> = university<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scol<\/strong> = school<br \/>\n<strong>scola\u00ebr<\/strong> [sko\u02c8l\u025b\u02d0r] = scholar, teacher, schoolmaster<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skol<\/strong> [sko\u02d0l\/sku\u02d0l] = school<br \/>\n<strong>skolaer, skolaerez<\/strong> [sko\u02c8l\u025b\u02d0r] = scholar, teacher, schoolmaster<br \/>\n<strong>skolaj<\/strong> [\u02c8sko\u02d0.la\u0283] = college, high school<br \/>\n<strong>skol-veur<\/strong> = university<br \/>\n<strong>skoliad<\/strong> [\u02c8sko.ljat] = pupil, student<br \/>\n<strong>skolia\u00f1<\/strong> = to instruct, teach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Latin <em>schola<\/em> (schooltime, classtime, school, student body, art gallery), from Ancient Greek <em>\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae<\/em> (skhol\u1e17 &#8211; leisure, free time, rest, lecture, disputation, discussion, philosophy, school, lecture hall), from Proto-Hellenic <em>*sk\u02b0ol\u0101\u0301<\/em> (holding back), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*s\u01f5\u02b0-h\u2083-l\u00e9h\u2082<\/em>, from Proto-Indo-European <em>*se\u01f5\u02b0-<\/em> (to hold) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/schola#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>epoch<\/strong>, <strong>hectic<\/strong>, <strong>scheme<\/strong>, <strong>scholar<\/strong>, <strong>school<\/strong>, <strong>severe<\/strong> and <strong>sketch<\/strong> in English, <strong>\u00e9cole<\/strong> (school) in French, <strong>scuola<\/strong> (school, class, lesson, grade) in Italian, and <strong>Schule<\/strong> (school) in German [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/scoil\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mac l\u00e9inn<\/strong> = student<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mac-l\u00e9ighinn<\/strong> = student (<em>archaic<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Old Irish <strong>macc<\/strong> (son, child) and <strong>l\u00e9gend<\/strong> (act of studying), which comes from Latin <em>legendum<\/em>, from <em>leg\u014d<\/em> (to choose, appoint, collect, read) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/l%C3%A9ann#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*suwits<\/strong> = wise, knowledgeable person<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>su\u00ed<\/strong> [\u02c8sui\u032f] = sage, scholar, expert, learned man, master, wise man<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>su\u00ed, sui, s\u00faid<\/strong> = man of learning, scholar, wise man, sage, head of a monastic or poetic school<br \/>\n<strong>su\u00edthemail, saithemail, saothamail<\/strong> = skilled, accomplished, learned, wise, fair, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>saoi<\/strong> [s\u02e0i\u02d0] = head of a monastic or poetic school, wise man, learned man, master, expert, eminent, distinguished, person<br \/>\n<strong>sa\u00edocht<\/strong> = learning, erudition, mastery, accomplishment<br \/>\n<strong>saoithi\u00fail<\/strong> [\u02c8si\u02d0hw\u0259l\u02b2] = learned, wise, skilled, accomplished, humorous, entertaining, pleasant, agreeable, funny, peculiar<br \/>\n<strong>saoithi\u00failacht<\/strong> = learning, wisdom, skill, accomplishment, humorousness, pleasantness, mirth, oddness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>saoidh<\/strong> [s\u0264j] = worthy, righteous person<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>syw, sy\u1efd<\/strong> = excellent, splendid, elegant, smart, neat, merry, joyful<br \/>\n<strong>sywedyt, sywyedyd, sywedydd<\/strong> = astronomer, seer, soothsayer, wizard, wise or learned man, teacher<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>syw<\/strong> = excellent, splendid, elegant, smart, neat, merry, joyful, wise, learned, skilful, dexterous<br \/>\n<strong>sywder<\/strong> = elegance, neatness, smartness<br \/>\n<strong>syw(i)edydd<\/strong> = astronomer, seer, soothsayer, wizard, wise or learned man, teacher<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Celtic <em>*su-<\/em> (good) and <em>*wid-<\/em> (to know) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/suwits\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same roots include <strong>euphoria<\/strong>, <strong>euphemism<\/strong> and other words beginning with <strong>eu-<\/strong> in English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/h%E2%82%81su-\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>stuidear<\/strong> [sdud\u02b2\u0259r] = student, study (room)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>studeyr<\/strong> = student<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ystudiwr, astudiwr<\/strong> = student, scholar, academic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>(a)studiwr<\/strong> = student, scholar, academic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>studhyer, studhyores<\/strong> = student<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>studier<\/strong> = student<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from English <strong>study<\/strong> or Middle French <em>estudier<\/em> (to study) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/staid%C3%A9ar#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Another word for student is <strong>oileanach<\/strong> [\u0264lan\u0259x] (&#8216;one who is instructed&#8217;) in Scottish Gaelic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/oileanach\">source<\/a>]. The word <strong>oile\u00e1nach<\/strong> also exists in Irish, but it means islander, insular or abounding in islands [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/oile%c3%a1nach\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/fr\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5001128073855040\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- Blog horizontal --><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5001128073855040\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"1685480124\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A post about words for disciple, pupil, student, school and related things in Celtic languages, and related words in other languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) deiscipul [\u02c8d\u02b2es\u02b2k\u02b2ibul] = disciple, student Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) deiscipul, disgibul, deiscibul = disciple, pupil Irish (Gaeilge) deisceabal [\u02c8d\u02b2\u025b\u0283c\u0259b\u02e0\u0259l\u02e0] = disciple Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig) deisciobal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,44,61,21,83,3,36,22,5,6,216,37,7,27,10,93,11,215,13,60,23,82,43,18,14],"tags":[52,80,51,214,48,47,53,49,213,55,212,50],"class_list":["post-8721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-french","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-french-francois","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-portuguese-portugues","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-hellenic","category-proto-indo-european","category-proto-italic","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words","tag-breton","tag-celtic","tag-cornish","tag-disciple","tag-gaelic","tag-irish","tag-language","tag-manx","tag-pupil","tag-scottish-gaelic","tag-student","tag-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8721"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8721\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8760,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8721\/revisions\/8760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}