{"id":8603,"date":"2024-12-13T20:23:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T20:23:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8603"},"modified":"2024-12-14T16:31:57","modified_gmt":"2024-12-14T16:31:57","slug":"offices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/12\/13\/offices\/","title":{"rendered":"Offices"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>office<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/32192378147\/in\/photolist-G8UqET-R3Jmsx-Rwemuv-SQN5q4-2dqjGJF-2kUZ1k9-2kV4yd5-2mHovnM-2n1LRao-2nUDPBb-2nUFdjm-2nVWRaM-2pyR1V7-2pPM7rw\" title=\"My home office \/ Fy swyddfa gatref\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7871\/32192378147_83400874a0_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\" alt=\"My home office \/ Fy swyddfa gatref\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><br \/>\n<em>My home office<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>oific<\/strong> = office<br \/>\n<strong>oificech<\/strong> = official, officer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>oific, oifig, oiffic<\/strong> = office, calling, employment, function, relgious service, ritual<br \/>\n<strong>oificech, oifigeacha<\/strong> = official, functional, officer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>oifig<\/strong> [\u02c8\u025bf\u02b2\u026a\u025f \/ \u02c8\u025bf\u02b2\u026ac \/ \u02c8\u0254f\u02b2\u026ac] = office, bureau<br \/>\n<strong>oifigeach<\/strong> = officier, official<br \/>\n<strong>oifigeacht<\/strong> = office, function (<em>literary<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>oifigi\u00fail<\/strong> [\u026af\u02b2\u026a\u02c8\u025fu\u02d0l\u02b2 \/ \u02c8\u025bf\u02b2\u026a\u025fu\u02d0l\u02b2] = official<br \/>\n<strong>oifigi\u00failachas<\/strong> = officialism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>oifig<\/strong> [\u0254f\u026ag\u02b2] = office<br \/>\n<strong>oifis<\/strong> [\u0254f\u026a\u0283] = office (place)<br \/>\n<strong>oifigear<\/strong> [\u0254f\u026ag\u02b2\u0259r] = officer<br \/>\n<strong>oifigeach<\/strong> [\u0254f\u026ag\u02b2\u0259x] = official<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>oik<\/strong> = office, bureau, post, board, bishopric<br \/>\n<strong>offish<\/strong> = office<br \/>\n<strong>offishear<\/strong> = officer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>offis<\/strong> = position, post, duty, duties, work, task, service<br \/>\n<strong>offisial, officyall<\/strong> = official<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>offis<\/strong> = office, position, post, duty, duties, work, task, service<br \/>\n<strong>offiser<\/strong> = (army, police, etc) officer<br \/>\n<strong>offis(i)al, offisel<\/strong> = official<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>offis<\/strong> = function, office, position<br \/>\n<strong>officer<\/strong> = officer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>officc<\/strong> = office<br \/>\n<strong>officer<\/strong> = officer<br \/>\n<strong>official<\/strong> = official<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ofis<\/strong> = office<br \/>\n<strong>ofiser<\/strong> = officer<br \/>\n<strong>ofisial<\/strong> = officical<br \/>\n<strong>ofisalded<\/strong> = officiality<br \/>\n<strong>ofisiel<\/strong> = official<br \/>\n<strong>ofisin<\/strong> = to officiate, preside, pontificate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> (Goidelic languages and Breton): from Latin <em>officium<\/em> (duty, service, office, obligation), from <em>opificium<\/em>, from Proto-Italic <em>*opifakjom<\/em>, from <em>op(i)s<\/em> (power, ability, resources), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2083ep-(i)-\/*h\u2083op-(i)-<\/em> (force, ability), from <em>*h\u2083ep-<\/em> (to work, toil, make; ability, force). The Welsh and Cornish words come from the same roots via Middle English <em>office<\/em> (office, employment, task, chore, etc) and Old French <em>office<\/em> (office, service) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/officium#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>copious<\/strong>, <strong>copy<\/strong>, <strong>cornucopia<\/strong>, <strong>manure<\/strong>, <strong>omnibus<\/strong>, <strong>omnipotent<\/strong>, <strong>opera<\/strong>, <strong>operate<\/strong> and <strong>opus<\/strong> in English, <strong>copia<\/strong> (to copy, print) in Italian, <strong>oficio<\/strong> (profession, occupation, [religious] office) in Spanish, and <strong>office<\/strong> (charge, task, mandate, department, religious service, liturgical office) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/h%E2%82%83ep-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>swyddfa<\/strong> = office, place of business<br \/>\n<strong>swyddfaol<\/strong> = pertaining to, or characteristic of, an office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sodhva<\/strong> = bureau, office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from <strong>swydd \/ sodh<\/strong> (job) and <strong>-fa \/ -va<\/strong> (place) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/swyddfa\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>biwr\u00f4, biwro<\/strong> = bureau<br \/>\n<strong>biwrocrasi, b(i)wrocratiaeth<\/strong> = bureaucracy<br \/>\n<strong>biwrocrat<\/strong> = bureaucrat<br \/>\n<strong>b(i)wrocrataidd, biwricratig<\/strong> = bureaucratic<br \/>\n<strong>biwrocrateiddio<\/strong> = to bureaucratize<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>buro<\/strong> = bureau, office<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>burev<\/strong> [\u02c8by\u02d0.r\u025bw] = bureau, office<br \/>\n<strong>burever<\/strong> = bureaucrat<br \/>\n<strong>bureverezh<\/strong> = bureaucracy<br \/>\n<strong>burevin<\/strong> = to register<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from French <strong>bureau<\/strong> (desk, office), from Old French <em>burel<\/em> (frieze [coarse woolen cloth]), from <em>*bure<\/em>, from Late Latin <em>burra<\/em> (wool, fluff, shaggy cloth, coarse fabric, from Latin <em>burra<\/em> (a small cow with a red mouth or muzzle, a shaggy garment), from <em>burrus<\/em> (red, reddish-brown), from Ancient Greek <em>\u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2<\/em> (purrh\u00f3s &#8211; flame colored), from <em>\u03c0\u1fe6\u03c1<\/em> (p\u00fbr &#8211; fire) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/bureau#French\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionnaires bilingues de Francis Favereau \/ Edition Skol Vreizh<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for office and related things in Celtic languages. My home office Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) oific = office oificech = official, officer Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) oific, oifig, oiffic = office, calling, employment, function, relgious service, ritual oificech, oifigeacha = official, functional, officer Irish (Gaeilge) oifig [\u02c8\u025bf\u02b2\u026a\u025f \/ \u02c8\u025bf\u02b2\u026ac [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,39,16,26,19,20,44,21,83,3,36,22,5,77,37,7,27,78,10,13,60,23,82,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8603","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-ancient-greek","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-english-englisch","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-french-franceis","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-indo-european","category-proto-italic","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8603"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8607,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8603\/revisions\/8607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8603"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8603"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}