{"id":8581,"date":"2024-11-27T13:54:32","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:54:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8581"},"modified":"2024-11-27T13:54:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:54:32","slug":"disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/11\/27\/disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Disease"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>sickness<\/strong>, <strong>disease<\/strong>, <strong>grief<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/186542612@N07\/49471904253\/in\/photolist-7ndzhH-2inEryr-7Qoorf-5x6vw-PZkHm-C69LGV-4u5B8F-sDHuE3-2pBYy6f-66zjg5-2iCK1aF-pQwN7F-5163Rn-7FKHjE-2hthjNx-FaMoBt-qtjce-RPE5wk-6aSYRf-9eWGHg-Xt97zG-5zPJGB-2kRAgrF-21x1sm8-371o8e-dTUKhQ-Yw7FQJ-2ooRHW5-hzKH4-5JoKRK-g1MhR-FjbMzn-fwraJk-FtZGid-2nwzqMh-4s3dzU-qreqf-dc9RAc-FgT5X7-4hHS3E-hwvVqA-2ngbLuq-2kH1xkp-f3G8q-8Mjw3y-4SFtZG-2hSHh5K-bDJ6qS-aXnwoz\" title=\"sorrow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/49471904253_a7911ff312_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"sorrow\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*galarom<\/strong> = a distressing or painful condition, such as disease, illness, grief, sorrow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> = disease, pain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar, galur, gallra, galara<\/strong> = sickness, disease, (physical) pain, mental suffering, distress, grief<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> [&#712;&#609;&#593;l&#810;&#736;&#601;&#638;&#736;\/&#712;&#609;&#596;l&#736;&#601;&#638;&#736;] = sickness, disease, affliction, misery, diseased, miserable, worthless<br>\n<strong>galrach<\/strong> = diseased, infected, sickly, morbid<br>\n<strong>galrach&aacute;n<\/strong> = sickly creature or thing<br>\n<strong>galracht<\/strong> = sickliness, morbidity<br>\n<strong>galareagla<\/strong> = hypochondria<br>\n<strong>galareola&iacute;<\/strong> = pathologist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> [gal&#810;&#736;&#601;r] = disease, illness, malady, ailment<br>\n<strong>galar-e&ograve;las<\/strong> = pathology<br>\n<strong>galar-sgaoilte<\/strong> = epidemic<br>\n<strong>galarach<\/strong> [gal&#810;&#736;&#601;r&#601;x] = diseased, infective<br>\n<strong>galaraich<\/strong> = infect<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gorley<\/strong> = disease, festering, malady<br>\n<strong>darrag<\/strong> = oak, beam, cast (fishing), snood, hairline<br>\n<strong>gorley-oaylleeaght<\/strong> = pathology<br>\n<strong>gorlagh<\/strong> = diseased, infectious<br>\n<strong>ym-ghorley<\/strong> = epidemic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*galar<\/strong> = grief, sorrow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> = mourning, grief, sorrow, longing (for a deceased person), lament(ation), sighing<br>\n<strong>galargyrn<\/strong> = horn of mourning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> [&#712;&#609;alar\/&#712;&#609;a&#720;lar] = mourning, grief, sorrow, longing (for a deceased person), lament(ation), sighing<br>\n<strong>galaraeth<\/strong> = grief, tribulation<br>\n<strong>galaru<\/strong> = to mourn, grieve, lament, moan, weep, wail<br>\n<strong>galaraidd<\/strong> = mournful<br>\n<strong>galargan<\/strong> = elegy, lament<br>\n<strong>galarnadus<\/strong> = lamented, lamentable, mournful, plaintive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> = grief, sorrow, anguish, a pang, lamentation<br>\n<strong>galarow<\/strong> = to weep for, bewail, lament<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>galar<\/strong> [da&#720;r \/ d&aelig;&#720;r] = grief<br>\n<strong>galarek<\/strong> = miserable<br>\n<strong>galari<\/strong> =  to grieve, lament, mourn<br>\n<strong>galarow<\/strong> = agony<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>glachar<\/strong> = sorrow, afflication, pain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>glac&#700;har <\/strong> [&#712;&#609;l&#593;&#720;&#611;ar] = sorrow, affliction, pain<br>\n<strong>glac&#700;hari&ntilde;<\/strong> [&#609;la&#712;&#611;&#593;&#720;.r&#297;] = to afflict, grieve<br>\n<strong>glac&#700;harus<\/strong> [&#609;la.&#712;&#611;&#593;&#720;.rys] = distressing, heartbreaking, desolate, painful (morally)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*&#501;&#688;elH-ro-<\/em>. Possibly related to the English word <strong>gall<\/strong>, and the Lithuanian word <strong>&#382;al&agrave;<\/strong> (damage, harm) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/galarom\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*ankus<\/strong> = slaughter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&eacute;cht<\/strong> = slaying, exploit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&eacute;cht, echt, eacht<\/strong> = a slaying, slaughter, pity, grief, sorrow, mourning, exploit, prowess, deed of valour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&eacute;acht<\/strong> [d&#810;&#736;a&#638;&#690;] = killing, slaying, slaughter, feat, exploit, achievement<br>\n<strong>&eacute;achtach<\/strong> = full of prowess, powerful, wonderful, extraordinary<br>\n<strong>&eacute;achta&iacute;<\/strong> = wondrousness, extraordinariness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>euchd<\/strong> [i&#601;xg] = exploit, feat, deed<br>\n<strong>euchdach<\/strong> [i&#601;xg&#601;x] = heroic, daring<br>\n<strong>euchdmhor<\/strong> = abounding in achievements, deeds or feats<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aeth<\/strong> = pain, woe, grief, sorrow, longing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aeth<\/strong> = pain, woe, grief, sorrow, longing, fear, fright, terror, shock<br>\n<strong>aethlyd<\/strong> = terrible, dreadful, hideous, horrible, grievous, painful<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*n&#805;&#7729;tu<\/em>, from <em>*ne&#7729;-<\/em> (to perish, disappear)  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/anxtu\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>innocent<\/strong>, <strong>necropolis<\/strong>, <strong>nectar<\/strong>, <strong>noxious<\/strong> and <strong>nuisance<\/strong> in English, <strong>nuocere<\/strong> (to harm, injure, damage) in Italian, <strong>nuire<\/strong> (to harm, spoil) in French, <strong>anegar<\/strong> (to inundate, flood, drown) in Spanish, <strong>&eacute;ag<\/strong> (Death, numbness) in Irish, <strong>angau<\/strong> (death, decease) in Welsh, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/07\/08\/death\/\">related words<\/a> in the other Celtic languages [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/ne%E1%B8%B1-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &ndash; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionnaires bilingues de Francis Favereau \/ Edition Skol Vreizh<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for sickness, disease, grief and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *galarom = a distressing or painful condition, such as disease, illness, grief, sorrow Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) galar = disease, pain Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) galar, galur, gallra, galara = sickness, disease, (physical) pain, mental suffering, distress, grief [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,44,21,83,3,110,22,5,6,37,7,27,10,11,12,13,23,82,43,18,14],"tags":[52,46,51,164,145,167,168,48,165,47,53,49,169,55,166,170,50],"class_list":["post-8581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-lithuanian-lietuviu-kalba","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words","tag-breton","tag-celitc","tag-cornish","tag-disease","tag-etymology","tag-exploit","tag-feat","tag-gaelic","tag-grief","tag-irish","tag-language","tag-manx","tag-prowess","tag-scottish-gaelic","tag-sorrow","tag-terror","tag-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8581"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8581\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8586,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8581\/revisions\/8586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}