{"id":8560,"date":"2024-11-21T13:59:15","date_gmt":"2024-11-21T13:59:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8560"},"modified":"2024-11-21T13:59:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-21T13:59:15","slug":"original-pedigree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/11\/21\/original-pedigree\/","title":{"rendered":"Original Pedigree"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>origin<\/strong>, <strong>basis<\/strong>, <strong>nobility<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/stormfall\/330076266\/in\/photolist-vaJb7-3bnafL-4bHepc-vaEfh-4bMb7w-4bM7Fj-vaEyn-4r7MTS-2hyhmCu-4bHbpc-4bM7ZU-4bMjpJ-4r7Kub-4bHmde-4bH7Tn-4bH5Jx-4bHcQk-4bH6xD-4bMmiq-4bMhAd-5atYig-vaEGU-2mmKtQh-4bMe97-4bMiG5-4bHeY2-vaCuN-4bHfh6-vaGbD-vaEoW-4bH8ya-MHUsHE-vaG1p-iqFCu8-4hmYJg-vaF5H-2wacvb-vjXu5-vaJvi-vaGnh-3bhEYR-vaJk9-3bhEEV-3bhF3k-4kPp82-3bhER6-vaFvQ-KsLqJJ-vjYHy-2k7sgtC\" title=\"Bigglesworth eat your heart out\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/141\/330076266_ae27398c26_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Bigglesworth eat your heart out\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*bonusedom<\/strong> = lineage, pedigree, origin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bunad<\/strong> = basis, origin, stock<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bunad, bonadh, b\u00fanad<\/strong> = origin, basis, source, stock<br \/>\n<strong>bunadach, bunadhach<\/strong> = belonging to the original stock<br \/>\n<strong>bunadas, bunus<\/strong> = origin, source<br \/>\n<strong>bunatta, bunata<\/strong> = original, basic, permanent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bunadh<\/strong> [\u02c8b\u02e0\u028an\u032a\u02e0\u0259] = origin, stock, kind, native inhabitants, original, fundamental, basic, base<br \/>\n<strong>bunaigh<\/strong> = to found, establish<br \/>\n<strong>buna\u00edoch<\/strong> = primitive<br \/>\n<strong>buna\u00edocht<\/strong> = establishment<br \/>\n<strong>bun\u00fas<\/strong> = origin, basis, substance, essence, wealth, majority<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bunadh<\/strong> [bun\u0259\u0263] = origin, stock, rock, foundation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bunneydagh<\/strong> = basic, elemental, fundamental, original, primitive, radical<br \/>\n<strong>bunneydys<\/strong> = basis, foundation, groundwork, origin, root<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*bonhe\u00f0<\/strong> = ?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>boned, bonhed<\/strong> = nobility, nobleness, noble, descent, lingeage, pedigree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>boned, bonhed<\/strong> = nobility, nobleness, noble, descent, lingeage, pedigree<br \/>\n<strong>bon(h)edigeid, bonhedigeit<\/strong> = noble, aristocratic, honourable, gracious, kind, gentle, courteous, polite<br \/>\n<strong>bonedigeidrwyd<\/strong> = nobility, nobleness, aristocracy, gentility, chivalry, courtesy<br \/>\n<strong>bonhedyc, bonhedic, bonheddig<\/strong> = noble, aristocratic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bonedd<\/strong> = nobility, nobleness, noble, descent, lineage, pedigree<br \/>\n<strong>boneddigaidd<\/strong> = noble, aristocratic, honourable, gracious, kind, gentle, courteous, polite<br \/>\n<strong>boneddigeiddrwydd<\/strong> = nobility, nobleness, aristocracy, gentility, chivalry, courtesy<br \/>\n<strong>bonheddig<\/strong> = noble, aristocratic<br \/>\n<strong>bonheddu<\/strong> = to ennoble, dignify<br \/>\n<strong>bonheddes<\/strong> = lady, Lady<br \/>\n<strong>bonheddwr<\/strong> = nobleman, gentleman, aristocrat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Celtic <em>*bonus<\/em> (base) + <em>*sedom<\/em> (seat, sitting) &#8211; see also the posts <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/09\/30\/foundations\/\">Foundations<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/10\/18\/peace-and-fairies\/\">Peace and Fairies<\/a>, and for other words related to nobles, princes, chiefs, etc, see the post <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/09\/16\/leader-in-chief\/\">Leader in Chief<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cepp<\/strong> = block, (tree) stump<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cepp, cip, cep<\/strong> = tree-stump, log, block, anvil-block genealogical stock, ancestor<br \/>\n<strong>ceppach, cepach, cepaig<\/strong> = piece of ground where trees have been felled, slaughter<br \/>\n<strong>ceppaid<\/strong> = to shape, form, fashion, confine, restrict<br \/>\n<strong>ceppdae<\/strong> = inert<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ceap<\/strong> [cap\u02e0] = stock, block, base, (shoemaker&#8217;s) last, nave, hub, compact body, chief, protector, (flower) bed<br \/>\n<strong>ceapadh<\/strong> = fashioning, composition, formation, appointment, assignation, conception<br \/>\n<strong>ceapad\u00f3ir<\/strong> = shaper, moulder, composer, inventor<br \/>\n<strong>ceapad\u00f3ireacht<\/strong> = composition<br \/>\n<strong>ceapaire<\/strong> = shaped, moulded, object, shapely person, thing, sandwich<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ceap<\/strong> [k\u02b2\u025bhb] = block, (shoemaker&#8217;s) last, lump, cape, cap, turf, stocks, fret<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kiap<\/strong> = block, butt, log, pad, pillow, snag, stock, trunk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*k\u0268f<\/strong> = the most in chief<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ciphillion<\/strong> = stock, trunk, box, ancestry, blockhead, dull-witted person<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kyf(f), cyff<\/strong> = (tree) trunk, stock, stem, stump, log, trunk (of body), block, blockhead; box, coffer, chest; stocks, kinsfolk, lineage, ancestry, origin, race, source<br \/>\n<strong>kyfyll, kiffil, cyffyll<\/strong> = stock, trunk, box, ancestry, blockhead, dull-witted person<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cyff<\/strong> [k\u0268\u02d0f\/ki\u02d0f] = (tree) trunk, stock, stem, stump, log, trunk (of body), block, blockhead; box, coffer, chest; stock, kinsfolk, lineage, ancestry, origin, race, source<br \/>\n<strong>cyffyll<\/strong> = stock, trunk, box, ancestry, blockhead, dull-witted person<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kyf<\/strong> = log<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cepp<\/strong> = stump, stock, log, trunk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>queff<\/strong> = stump, stock, log, trunk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kef<\/strong> [kef\u02d0] = trunk, log, box<br \/>\n<strong>kefia\u00f1<\/strong> = to make branches, put the irons (on)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Latin <em>cippus \/ c\u012bpus<\/em> (stake, post, gravestone, landmark), possibly from Proto-Italic <em>*keipos<\/em>, from Proto-Indo-European <em>*(s)\u1e31\u00e9ypos<\/em> (pole, stick). Words from the same roots include <strong>ceppo<\/strong> (stump, log, block of wood), <strong>cipo<\/strong> (milestone) in Spanish, and <strong>Kipfl<\/strong> (croissant) in German [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cippus#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*akk\u0101<\/strong> = ?<br \/>\n<strong>*akkiy\u0101<\/strong> = proximity, lineage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aicce<\/strong> = nearness, proximity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aicce, aicci<\/strong> = nearness, proximity, near, beside, fosterage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aice<\/strong> [\u02c8ac\u026a] = nearness, proximity<br \/>\n<strong>in aice (na\/le)<\/strong> = near<br \/>\n<strong>aicearra<\/strong> = short-cut, abridgement<br \/>\n<strong>aicerrach<\/strong> = short, near, pithy, succinct<br \/>\n<strong>aicerracht<\/strong> = shortness, pithiness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aice<\/strong> [a\u00e7g\u02b2\u0259] = proximity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>faare<\/strong> = adjacent, presence, proximity, near, nigh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*ax<\/strong> = ?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ach<\/strong> = lineage, descent, pedigree, genealogy, ancestry, family origins<br \/>\n<strong>achwet<\/strong> = lingeage, descent, pedigree, kindred, family<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ach<\/strong> [a\u02d0\u03c7] = lineage, descent, pedigree, genealogy, ancestry, family origins<br \/>\n<strong>achres(tr)<\/strong> = genealogical table, pedigree, lineage<br \/>\n<strong>achwedd<\/strong> = lingeage, descent, pedigree, kindred, family<br \/>\n<strong>achwr, achydd, achyddwr<\/strong> = genealogist, herald<br \/>\n<strong>achwyddol<\/strong> = genealogical, heraldic<br \/>\n<strong>achyddu<\/strong> = to genealogize<br \/>\n<strong>achyddiaeth<\/strong> = genealogy, heraldry; lineage, pedigree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>ach<\/strong> = offspring, progeny<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ach<\/strong> = offspring, progeny, stock, kindred<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>agh<\/strong> [\u00e6\u02d0x] = offspring, race<br \/>\n<strong>aghel<\/strong> = racial<br \/>\n<strong>aghskrif<\/strong> = pedigree<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>acom<\/strong> = ?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from PIE <em>*h\u2082ekkeh\u2082<\/em>. Words from the same root include <strong>\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e<\/strong> (akk\u0101 &#8211; mother) in Sanskrit, <strong>\u0906\u0915\u094d\u0915\u093e<\/strong> (\u0101kk\u0101 &#8211; older sister, elderly woman) in Marathi and <strong>\u0d85\u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0d9a\u0dcf<\/strong> (akk\u0101 &#8211; older sister) in Sinhalese [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/ach#Welsh\">source 1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/akkiy%C4%81\">source 2<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In Cornish, origin, beginning, start, inception or opening = <strong>dalleth<\/strong>; noble = <strong>nobyl<\/strong>, <strong>pennsevik<\/strong>, <strong>ughelor<\/strong> or <strong>bryntin<\/strong>; lineage or race = <strong>linieth<\/strong> (Middle Cornish), and race or ethnicity = <strong>hil<\/strong> (Revived Cornish) &#8211; see the post about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/07\/04\/seeds\/\">Seeds<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionnaires bilingues de Francis Favereau \/ Edition Skol Vreizh<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for origin, basis, nobility and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *bonusedom = lineage, pedigree, origin Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) bunad = basis, origin, stock Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) bunad, bonadh, b\u00fanad = origin, basis, source, stock bunadach, bunadhach = belonging to the original stock bunadas, bunus = origin, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,19,20,61,21,3,22,162,37,7,27,8,9,10,40,11,12,13,60,124,23,163,82,43,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-english","category-etymology","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-marathi-","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-proto-italic","category-sanskrit-","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-sinhalese-","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8560"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8565,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8560\/revisions\/8565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}