{"id":8498,"date":"2024-10-08T16:32:50","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T15:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8498"},"modified":"2024-10-08T16:32:50","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T15:32:50","slug":"darkness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/10\/08\/darkness\/","title":{"rendered":"Darkness"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>dark<\/strong>, <strong>gloom<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/31581791165\/in\/photolist-2oUMV2g-2oUSXJZ-2pPY6hs-2pPZa8o-CqE4Wg-CRWzP1-CZVaap-G2ouX8-G2oAgK-HGgZMK-WWmY8W-Z1aYR6-ZP4P41-ZR5wou-ZTL2Ez-21iazpr-21iazBR-21iaAw6-21iaBTV-21qmkV4-21GSw5m-21MVV1R-22AmrRf-22Amtkh-25Dit5S-26rNHYP-26HCTxw-27JVcD3-27JVhvN-GVi84H-NEQmHz-PJ1aPx-PJ1bua-Q6on6J-Q7mvn9-Q7LVTi-Q7LWdM-Q9a4SH-Q9a57k-QJsHGa-RFozsm-RFozuf-RHfPyn-RR3G4b-RU4v6h-RUcB6R-S53RNL-SbQiBn-TcWHvu-WWmXjw\" title=\"Beach Road, Bangor at night\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/582\/31581791165_0d241deda6_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" alt=\"Beach Road, Bangor at night\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*temeslos<\/strong> = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>teimen<\/strong> = dark, obscure<br>\n<strong>teimel, teimne<\/strong> [&#712;t&#690;e&beta;&#771;&#690;el] = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>teim. tem<\/strong> = dark<br>\n<strong>teimen, temen, teimean<\/strong> = dark, obscure<br>\n<strong>teimel, temel, temul<\/strong> = darkness, gloom, dejection, stain, blemish, fault, death<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>teimheal<\/strong> = darkness, gloom, tarnish, stain, smudge, trace, sign<br>\n<strong>teimhleach<\/strong> = dark, gloomy, tarnished, stained<br>\n<strong>teimhleacht<\/strong> = spottiness, smudigness<br>\n<strong>teimhligh<\/strong> = to darken, obscure, tarnish, stain<br>\n<strong>teimhlitheach<\/strong> = tarnishing, staining<br>\n<strong>teimhneach<\/strong> = dark, opaque<br>\n<strong>teimhneacht<\/strong> = darkness, opacity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>teamhall<\/strong> [t&#690;i&#601;v] = slight swoon, stun<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*tem&#275;l(os)<\/strong> = darkness<br>\n<strong>*t&#616;&beta;&#771;u&#616;l<\/strong> = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>timuil<\/strong> = darkness, gloom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tywyll, ty&#7933;yll<\/strong> = dark, opaque<br>\n<strong>tywyllu, ty&#7933;ylla<\/strong> = to make or become dark, darken, make or become blind<br>\n<strong>tewyllvc<\/strong> = to darken, grow dim<br>\n<strong>ty&#7933;yll&#7933;c, tywyll&#7933;c, tywylluc, tywyllwc<\/strong> = darkness, opacity, blindness, dim-sightedness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tywyll<\/strong> [&#712;t&#601;u&#815;.&#616;&#798;&#620;\/&#712;t&#601;u&#815;.&#618;&#620;] = dark, opaque, blind, dim (of sight), obscure, neutral, darkness, gloom<br>\n<strong>tywyllu<\/strong> = to make or become dark, darken, make or become blind<br>\n<strong>tywyllhau<\/strong> = to darken, grow dim<br>\n<strong>tywyllwch<\/strong> [&#712;tw&#601;&#620;&#650;&chi;\/&#712;t&#650;&#620;&#650;&chi;] = darkness, opacity, blindness, dim-sightedness, eclipse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>tiwoulgou<\/strong> = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tewal<\/strong> = dark, dusky, obscure<br>\n<strong>tewlder, tulder<\/strong> = darkness<br>\n<strong>tewolgow, tiwulgou<\/strong> = darkness, obscurity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tewal, tewl<\/strong> = dark, gloomy, murky, sombre<br>\n<strong>tewlder<\/strong> = darkness, gloom<br>\n<strong>tewlhe<\/strong> = to darken<br>\n<strong>tewlwolow<\/strong> = dusk, half-light<br>\n<strong>tewolgow<\/strong> = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>temoel<\/strong> = dark, gloomy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>teffoal, teffal, teual<\/strong> = dark, gloomy<br>\n<strong>teffalhat<\/strong> = to darken, obscure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>te&ntilde;val<\/strong> [&#712;t&#7869;&#720;.val] = dark, gloomy, sad, dreary, suspicious, deaf, unintelligible, incomprehensible<br>\n<strong>te&ntilde;valaat<\/strong> [t&#7869;va&#712;l&#593;&#720;t] = to darken, obscure<br>\n<strong>te&ntilde;valded<\/strong> [t&#7869;&#712;val.det] = darkness<br>\n<strong>te&ntilde;valijenn<\/strong> [t&#7869;.va&#712;li&#720;.&#658;&#603;n] = darkness, shadow<br>\n<strong>te&ntilde;valus<\/strong> [t&#7869;&#712;va&#720;lys] = dark, obscure, mysterious, sombre<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Etymology: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*t&eacute;mHos<\/em> (darkness), from <em>*temH-<\/em> (dark) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/temeslos\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same roots include <strong>temerity<\/strong>, <strong>tenebrous<\/strong> (dark, gloomy, obscure) in English, <strong>tamsa<\/strong> (darkness) in Lithuanian, <strong>finster<\/strong> (dark, gloomy) and <strong>D&auml;mmerung<\/strong> (twilight) in German, <strong>tenebre<\/strong> (darkness, obscurity) in Italian, and <strong>tiniebla<\/strong> (shadow) in Spanish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/temH-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dorchae<\/strong> [&#712;dorx&#600;] = dark, gloomy, obscure, morose<br>\n<strong>dorchaide<\/strong> = dark, dense<br>\n<strong>dorchatus<\/strong> = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dorcha(e)<\/strong> = dark, gloomy, obscure, morose<br>\n<strong>dorchaigid<\/strong> = to grow dark, eclipse, darken, obscure<br>\n<strong>dorchatu, dorchato<\/strong> = darkness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dorcha<\/strong> [&#712;d&#810;&#736;&#596;&#638;&#736;&#601;x&#601;] = darkness, obscurity, dark, obscure, blind, secretive<br>\n<strong>dorchacht<\/strong> = dark state, darkness<br>\n<strong>dorchadas<\/strong> = darkness, secrecy, reserve<br>\n<strong>dorchaigh<\/strong> = to darken, become secretive, reserved<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dorch<\/strong> [d&#596;r&#596;x] = dark, black, dusky, mysterious, obscure<br>\n<strong>dorcha<\/strong> [d&#596;r&#596;x&#601;] = dark, dusky, sombre, murky<br>\n<strong>dorchadas<\/strong> [d&#596;r&#596;x&#601;d&#601;s] = darkness, obscurity, mysteriousness<br>\n<strong>dorchaich<\/strong> [d&#596;r&#596;x&#618;&ccedil;] = darken, make dark<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>doorey<\/strong> = obscurity, shade, eclipse<br>\n<strong>dorraghey<\/strong> = dark, dusk(y), gloomy, enigmatic, mysterious, obscure<br>\n<strong>dorraghys<\/strong> = blackness, darkness, obscurity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: uncertain [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/dorchae#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].  <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/etymologicaldict00macbuoft\/page\/n9\/mode\/2up\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &ndash; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for dark, gloom and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *temeslos = darkness Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) teimen = dark, obscure teimel, teimne [\u02c8t\u02b2e\u03b2\u0303\u02b2el] = darkness Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) teim. tem = dark teimen, temen, teimean = dark, obscure teimel, temel, temul = darkness, gloom, dejection, stain, blemish, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,61,21,83,3,110,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,40,11,12,13,23,82,43,18,14],"tags":[52,46,146,51,145,48,47,53,49,147,55,50],"class_list":["post-8498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-lithuanian-lietuviu-kalba","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words","tag-breton","tag-celitc","tag-celtiadur","tag-cornish","tag-etymology","tag-gaelic","tag-irish","tag-language","tag-manx","tag-omniglot","tag-scottish-gaelic","tag-welsh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8498"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8501,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8498\/revisions\/8501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}