{"id":8493,"date":"2024-10-02T21:38:32","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T20:38:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8493"},"modified":"2024-10-02T21:38:32","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T20:38:32","slug":"spinning-twisting-turning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/10\/02\/spinning-twisting-turning\/","title":{"rendered":"Spinning, Twisting &#038; Turning"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>spin<\/strong>, <strong>twist<\/strong>, <strong>turn<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cellphonesusie\/5109037278\/in\/photolist-8Mt9MC-jENeDy-as9fui-zSrD4-2o9Sx5W-7PBvWS-2oibuHZ-a3oxSk-2kSYfNo-eZiJHE-67pB2b-2nTTTpM-2nK4zXE-GQ8MPs-KqxMew-2JNPPt-KdtMQ-7Ht8eM-gheukt-67kogM-2qakakP-a8zMUQ-84NDmB-jiAR2g-atg68H-jH9dV-gLSHWL-6vN45a-hu2KVx-8oYVJk-Ek2V3Q-7GdUHf-2nmiE8U-2gbhk7j-7GdSnU-6RVo4z-ohhkzj-eJkCzU-MY2xmx-eECSbp-jDDo4U-atiHMo-r8nQm9-9kqsRq-tJBibE-2htpkHj-6fvLkM-h3yRp2-5rXjsB-hu3q33\" title=\"Spinning Wheel\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4112\/5109037278_33abfbe582_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"563\" alt=\"Spinning Wheel\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*sn\u012bmus<\/strong> = spinning, weaving<br \/>\n<strong>*sniyeti<\/strong> = to turn, twist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sn\u00ed\u00efd<\/strong> = to twist<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edm<\/strong> = spinning, twisting, vexation grief, anxiety<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sn\u00ed\u00efd, sn\u00edit<\/strong> = to twists, bend, tie, contend, struggle, grieve, trouble, vex<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edm, snim<\/strong> = twisting, bending, shaping, trouble, care, grief, anxiety<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edmaid<\/strong> = to spin, twist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sn\u00edomh<\/strong> [\u0283n\u02b2i\u02d0v\u02e0\/\u0283n\u02b2i\u02d0w] = spinning, twisting, twinning, struggle, strain, wrench, cre, anxiety; to spin, twist, strain, wrench, strive, struggle<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edomhach<\/strong> = spinning, turning, twisting, anxious, concerned<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edomhach\u00e1n<\/strong> = (act of) spinning<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edomhad\u00e1n<\/strong> = spinneret<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edomha\u00ed<\/strong> = spinner<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00edomhaire<\/strong> = spindle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sn\u00ecomh<\/strong> [\u0283n\u032a\u02b2\u0129\u0259\u0303v] = spinning, winding, wreathing, twisting, twining, twist, curl, sprain, wrench<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00ecomhach<\/strong> [\u0283n\u032a\u02b2i\u0259v\u0259x] = twisting, winding, spiral, tortuous, twisted<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00ecomhachan<\/strong> [\u0283n\u032a\u02b2\u0259v\u0259xan] = spinner (implement)<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00ecomhadh<\/strong> [\u0283n\u032a\u02b2\u0129\u0259\u0303v\u0259\u0263] = spinning, winding, wreathing, twising<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00ecomhaire<\/strong> [\u0283n\u032a\u02b2i\u0259v\u0259r\u02b2\u0259] = borer, auger, spinner<br \/>\n<strong>sn\u00ecomhte<\/strong> [\u0283n\u032a\u02b2\u0129\u0259\u0303vd\u02b2\u0259] = spin, entwined, twisted<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>snee<\/strong> = crossness, offence, vexation<br \/>\n<strong>sneeu<\/strong> = spin, spinning<br \/>\n<strong>queeyl sneeuee<\/strong> = spinning wheel<br \/>\n<strong>sneeuder<\/strong> = spinner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*n\u0268\u00f0id<\/strong> = (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nydd<\/strong> = spin, twist, perverseness, obstinacy, agitation, difficulty<br \/>\n<strong>nydu<\/strong> [\u02c8n\u0259\u00f0\u0268\/\u02c8n\u0259\u00f0i] = to spin (wool), twist, wind<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nydd<\/strong> [n\u0268\u02d0\u00f0\/ni\u02d0\u00f0] = spin, twist, perverseness, obstinacy, agitation, difficulty, honeysuckle, spun<br \/>\n<strong>nyddu<\/strong> [\u02c8n\u0259\u00f0\u0268\/\u02c8n\u0259\u00f0i] = to spin (wool), twist, wind<br \/>\n<strong>nydd(i)wr<\/strong> = spinner, spinning-machine, nightjar, grasshopper warbler<br \/>\n<strong>nyddlin<\/strong> = a spiral<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nedhe, nedh\u00e9<\/strong> = to spin, turn, twist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nedha<\/strong> = to twist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nezaff<\/strong> = to spin, trick, fool, purr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>nez<\/strong> = twist, twisting<br \/>\n<strong>nezadenn<\/strong> = spun thing<br \/>\n<strong>nezadur<\/strong> = wiring<br \/>\n<strong>neza\u00f1<\/strong> [\u02c8ne\u02d0(z)\u00e3] = to spin, trick, fool, purr<br \/>\n<strong>nezer<\/strong> = spinner<br \/>\n<strong>nezerezh<\/strong> = spinning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Etymology: from Proto-Indo-European <em>*(s)neh\u2081-<\/em> (to spin, sew). Words from the same roots include <strong>needle<\/strong>, <strong>snood<\/strong> in English, <strong>naald<\/strong> (needle, pin) in Dutch, <strong>n\u00e4hen<\/strong> (to sew) in German, <strong>sn\u00e1th<\/strong> (thread, yarn, web) in Irish, and possibly <strong>snop<\/strong> (sheaf) in Czech [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/(s)neh%E2%82%81-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>See also the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/02\/17\/pins-needles\/\">Pins &#038; Needles<\/a> post for some Celtic words related to needles, pins and thread.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kassos<\/strong> = curly, twisted, woven<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kass-<\/strong> = twist<br \/>\n<strong>*kassis<\/strong> = curly (hair)<br \/>\n<strong>*kassanos<\/strong> = oak (tree\/wood)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cas<\/strong> = curly (haired)<br \/>\n<strong>casaid<\/strong> = to twist, turn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cas, cass<\/strong> = curly (hair)<br \/>\n<strong>casaid, casaidh<\/strong> = to twist, bend<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cas<\/strong> [k\u0251s\u02e0] = twisted, winding, curly, complicated, intricate, twisty, devious; to twist, turn, wind<br \/>\n<strong>casadh<\/strong> [\u02c8k\u0251s\u02e0\u0259\/\u02c8kas\u02e0u(\u02d0)] = to twist, turn, wind, spin, reproach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cas<\/strong> [kas] = twist, bend, wind (up), gnash, oppose, turn against<br \/>\n<strong>casadh<\/strong> [kas\u0259\u0263] = (act of) opposing, turning against, twisting, bending, gnashing<br \/>\n<strong>casta<\/strong> [kasd\u0259] = twisted, twined, curled, complex<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cassit<\/strong> = contorted, distorted, twirled, twisted<br \/>\n<strong>cassee<\/strong> = coiling, twisting, winding<br \/>\n<strong>cassey<\/strong> = to curl, distort, screw, spin, whirl<br \/>\n<strong>cast<\/strong> = curly, curved, intricate, spun, warped, wrapped<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from Proto-Indo-European <em>*kes-<\/em> (to scrape, comb) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kassos\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Gaulish <em>kassanos<\/em> (oak) and Latin <em>casnus<\/em>, include <strong>casse<\/strong> (oak) in Occitan, <strong>cassanella<\/strong> (gall) in Catalan and <strong>ch\u00eane<\/strong> (oak) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cassanos#Gaulish\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>hair<\/strong> in English, <strong>\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0430<\/strong> (kosa &#8211; hair) in Bulgarian, and <strong>kasa<\/strong> (braid) in Latvian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cassanos#Gaulish\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>See the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2021\/06\/29\/weaving-words\/\">Weaving Words<\/a> post for some weaving-related Celtic words. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*tro<\/strong> = (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> = rotation, revolution, turn(ing), stir(ing), twist, warp<br \/>\n<strong>troat, troad, troead<\/strong> = rotation, revolution, orbit, turn(ing)<br \/>\n<strong>troy, try, troi<\/strong> = to turn, spin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> [tro\u02d0] = rotation, revolution, turn(ing), stir(ing), twist, warp, coil, ringlet<br \/>\n<strong>tro(e)ad<\/strong> = rotation, revolution, orbit, turn(ing), stir(ing), twist, convolution, hinge<br \/>\n<strong>tro(a)f, troi<\/strong> = to turn, spin, whirl, rotate, roll<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> = turn, circuit, occasion, manner, sort<br \/>\n<strong>troillia<\/strong> = to turn, whirl<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> = cycle, occasion, round, turn<br \/>\n<strong>troyll<\/strong> = spiral, swirl, ceilidh<br \/>\n<strong>troyllya<\/strong> = to spin, swirl<br \/>\n<strong>troyllyek<\/strong> = spiral<br \/>\n<strong>troyllyer plasennow<\/strong> = record player<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> = movement, turn<br \/>\n<strong>tro(u)im<\/strong> = to turn, spin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> = round, surround, surroundings<br \/>\n<strong>treiff<\/strong> = to turn, move<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>tro<\/strong> [tro\u02d0] = round, surround, surroundings<br \/>\n<strong>tro-dro<\/strong> [tro\u02c8dro\u02d0] = around, towards<br \/>\n<strong>trei\u00f1<\/strong> = to spin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: uncertain. Possibly related to Latin <em>torqueo<\/em> (I turn) or Ancient Greek <em>\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2<\/em> (tr\u00f3pos &#8211; a turn) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/tro#Welsh\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/etymologicaldict00macbuoft\/page\/n9\/mode\/2up\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &#8211; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for spin, twist, turn and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *sn\u012bmus = spinning, weaving *sniyeti = to turn, twist Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) sn\u00ed\u00efd = to twist sn\u00edm = spinning, twisting, vexation grief, anxiety Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) sn\u00ed\u00efd, sn\u00edit = to twists, bend, tie, contend, struggle, grieve, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,39,16,132,101,26,81,19,20,44,25,61,21,3,36,109,5,6,37,7,27,45,8,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-ancient-greek","category-breton","category-bulgarian-","category-catalan-catala","category-kernewek-cornish","category-dutch-nederlands","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-latvian-latviesu-valoda","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-occitan","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8493"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8495,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8493\/revisions\/8495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}