{"id":8287,"date":"2024-07-16T17:43:49","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T16:43:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8287"},"modified":"2024-07-17T15:53:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T14:53:33","slug":"monday-moons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/07\/16\/monday-moons\/","title":{"rendered":"Monday Moons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&rsquo;re looking at the words for <strong>moon<\/strong>, <strong>Monday<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/_belial\/369369515\/in\/photolist-26z1sLq-2pASKP1-yD7FV-48PCoj-2obpGoL-hzQEE-498PrS-7zzVgx-hPPEi-7t9pY2-rC3WK-pcEoq-bqpSiM-9rDdgb-bpDn8F-bpDc3T-bpD8AH-bpDgQB-wLoyu-rbKEy-gTycVj-bJDJWH-7t9zoc-c9xD8Y-2eShPL2-dXa5K4-7t9t72-dXfMkG-7tdstW-mgCjH-2wttoz\" title=\"Blue Moon\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/148\/369369515_6c7d873cea_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"400\" alt=\"Blue Moon\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*louxsnos<\/strong> = (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>l&uacute;an<\/strong> = moon, Monday, radiance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>l&uacute;an<\/strong> [&#712;l&#840;u&#720;&#601;&#815;n&#690;] = moon, Monday, doomsday, judgement day<br>\n<strong>d&iacute;a l&uacute;ain<\/strong> [d&#690;i&#720;&#601;&#815; &#712;l&#840;u&#720;&#601;&#815;n&#690;] = (on) Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Luan<\/strong> [l&#810;&#736;u&#601;n&#810;&#736;] = Monday, Aureole, nimbus, halo<br>\n<strong>D&eacute; Luain<\/strong> [d&#690;e&#720;&#712;l&#810;&#736;u&#601;n&#690;] = (on) Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Luan<\/strong> [l&#810;&#736;u&#601;n] = Monday, the moon (<em>poetic<\/em>)<br>\n<strong>Diluain<\/strong> [d&#690;&#618;&#712;l&#810;&#736;u&#601;n&#810;&#690;] = Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>luan, lune<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>Jelune, Jyluain, Lhein, Luain<\/strong> = Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>llun<\/strong> = Monday, (the) moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>llun, Llun<\/strong> [&#620;&#616;&#720;n \/&#620;i&#720;n] = Monday, (the) moon<br>\n<strong>dydd Llun<\/strong> [d&#616;&#720;&eth; &#712;&#620;&#616;&#720;n \/ di&#720;&eth; &#712;&#620;i&#720;n] = Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>lin<\/strong> = the moon<br>\n<strong>di-lin, De Lun<\/strong> = Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Lun<\/strong> = Monday<br>\n<strong>dy&rsquo;Lun, de Lun<\/strong> = Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Lun<\/strong> = the moon<br>\n<strong>dilun<\/strong> [di.&#712;l&#7929;&#720;n] = Monday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from PIE <em>*l&oacute;wksneh&#8322;<\/em> (moon, shining thing), from <em>*lewk-<\/em> (to shine, to see, bright) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/l%C3%BAan#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>illumiate<\/strong>, <strong>light<\/strong>, <strong>lucent<\/strong>, <strong>lucid<\/strong>, <strong>Lucifer<\/strong>, <strong>luminous<\/strong>, <strong>lunar<\/strong>, <strong>lustre<\/strong>, and <strong>lynx<\/strong> in English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/porta#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> (Monday words) from Latin <em>*di&#275;s L&#363;nae<\/em> (Monday), from <em>di&#275;s<\/em> (day) and <em>L&#363;na<\/em> (the moon, Luna [a moon goddess]), or calques of this word [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/d%C3%ADa_l%C3%BAain#Middle_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>dilluns<\/strong> (Monday) in Catalan, <strong>dilunes<\/strong> (Monday) in Occitan, and <strong>dilon<\/strong> (Monday) in Walloon [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/porta#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*lugr&#257;<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*llo&#616;r<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>*llo&#616;rkann<\/strong> = moonlight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>loyr<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>loiraul<\/strong> = lunar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lloer<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>lloerferch<\/strong> = one as fair as the moon, fair maiden, beautiful woman<br>\n<strong>lloergan<\/strong> = (bright) moonlight, moonlit<br>\n<strong>lloeric<\/strong> = lunatic, moonstruck, insane, mad, frantic, wild, lunar<br>\n<strong>lloerol<\/strong> = lunar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lloer<\/strong> [&#712;&#620;o&#720;&#616;&#815;r \/&#712;&#620;&#596;i&#815;r] = (the) moon, satellite<br>\n<strong>lloeraidd<\/strong> = lunar, lunatic<br>\n<strong>lloeren<\/strong> = circle, round spot, satellite, little moon<br>\n<strong>lloerennol<\/strong> = satellite, pertaining to the moon<br>\n<strong>lloergan<\/strong> = (bright) moonlight, moonlit<br>\n<strong>lloergannu<\/strong> = to shine (of the moon)<br>\n<strong>lloeri<\/strong> = to crook like the new moon, make cresent-shaped<br>\n<strong>lloerig<\/strong> = lunatic, moonstruck, insane, mad, frantic, wild, lunar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>luir<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>loer, lor, l&ocirc;r, loor, lour, l&ucirc;r<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>loor<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>lorel<\/strong> = lunar<br>\n<strong>lorell<\/strong> = satellite<br>\n<strong>lorek, loroges<\/strong> = lunatic, maniac, psychotic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>loir, loer<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>loar<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>loer cann<\/strong> = full moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>loar<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>loargann<\/strong> = full moon<br>\n<strong>loarieg<\/strong> = lunatic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from PIE <em>*lewk-<\/em> (bright, light, to shine, to see), or from <em>*lewg-<\/em> (to bend, twist) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic\/llo%C9%A8r\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lleuad, lleuat<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>lleuadic<\/strong> = mad, lunatic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lleuad<\/strong> [&#712;&#620;e&#616;&#815;.ad \/&#712;&#620;ei&#815;.ad] = the moon<br>\n<strong>lleuadu<\/strong> = to crook like the new moon, make cresent-shaped<br>\n<strong>lleuadaidd<\/strong> = lunar<br>\n<strong>lleuadig<\/strong> = mad, lunatic<br>\n<strong>lleuadog<\/strong> = lunar, moon-like, moonlit, lunatic, moonstruck, mad, insane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from PIE <em>*lewk-<\/em> (bright, light, to shine, to see). Related to <strong>lleu<\/strong> (light, brightness) and <strong>golau<\/strong> (light, bright, fair) in Welsh [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/lleuad#Welsh\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*&#275;skyom<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&eacute;scae, aesca, &aelig;scae, &eacute;sca, &aelig;sc&aelig;, &eacute;isce<\/strong> [&#712;e&#720;ske] = moon, lunar month<br>\n<strong>&eacute;scaide<\/strong> = lunar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&eacute;scae<\/strong> = moon<br>\n<strong>&eacute;scaide<\/strong> = lunar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&eacute;asca<\/strong> [&#712;i&#720;&#593;&#815;sk&#601; \/ &#712;e&#720;s&#736;k&#601;] = moon<br>\n<strong>&eacute;asca&iacute;<\/strong> = lunar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>&egrave;sga<\/strong> [e&#720;sg&#601;] = moon (archaic)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eayst<\/strong> = moon, lunar<br>\n<strong>lane-eayst<\/strong> = full moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from PIE <em>*h&#8321;eysk-<\/em> (to shine, glitter) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/%C4%93skyom\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gelach<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gealach<\/strong> [&#607;&#601;&#712;l&#810;&#736;&#593;x \/ &#712;&#607;al&#736;&#601;x] = moon, brightness (as of moon), moonlight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gealach<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#736;&#601;x] = (the) moon<br>\n<strong>gealach l&agrave;n<\/strong> = full moon<br>\n<strong>gealachail<\/strong> [g&#690;al&#810;&#736;&#601;xal] = lunar<br>\n<strong>gealachan<\/strong> [g&#690;a&#810;&#736;&#601;xan] = lunatic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>giallagh<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from Old Irish <em>gel<\/em> (fair, white, bright), from Proto-Celtic <em>*gelos<\/em> (shining, white), from PIE <em>*&#501;&#688;elh&#8323;os<\/em>, from <em>*&#501;&#688;elh&#8323;-<\/em> (to shine) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Middle_Irish\/gelach\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include words for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/09\/white\/\">white, bay and brown<\/a> in Celtic languages, and <strong>arsenic<\/strong>, <strong>gall<\/strong>, <strong>gild<\/strong>, <strong>gild<\/strong>, <strong>gold<\/strong> and <strong>yellow<\/strong> in English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/%C7%B5%CA%B0elh%E2%82%83-\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>r&eacute;<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>r&eacute;, re<\/strong> = the moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>r&eacute;<\/strong> = moon, phase of the moon, month, period, portion of time, span of life, career, age, era, epoch<br>\n<strong>na r&eacute;<\/strong> = lunar<br>\n<strong>(o&iacute;che) r&eacute;dhorcha<\/strong> = moonless<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>r&egrave;<\/strong> [r&#810;e&#720;] = the moon (poetic)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>re, ray<\/strong> = moon<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> possibly from Proto-Celtic <em>*rowis<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/r%C3%A9#Etymology_2\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Another word for moon in Welsh is <strong>cannwyll awyr<\/strong> (&ldquo;sky candle&rdquo;), and the word <strong>cannaid<\/strong> (white, bright, shining, pure, clean radiant) used to mean moon in Carmarthenshire (and sun in north Wales). <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &ndash; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for moon, Monday and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *louxsnos = (?) Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) l\u00faan = moon, Monday, radiance Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) l\u00faan [\u02c8l\u0348u\u02d0\u0259\u032fn\u02b2] = moon, Monday, doomsday, judgement day d\u00eda l\u00faain [d\u02b2i\u02d0\u0259\u032f \u02c8l\u0348u\u02d0\u0259\u032fn\u02b2] = (on) Monday Irish (Gaeilge) Luan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,101,26,19,20,21,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,40,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-catalan-catala","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8287"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8294,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8287\/revisions\/8294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}