{"id":8240,"date":"2024-06-25T12:19:39","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T11:19:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8240"},"modified":"2024-06-25T12:44:45","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T11:44:45","slug":"light-lungs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/06\/25\/light-lungs\/","title":{"rendered":"Light Lungs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>light<\/strong>, <strong>lungs<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/slazebni\/137670769\/in\/photolist-2oLUXc4-2pVDPEL-G8zPuC-B44kq-MLjsUN-2n1BHuL-brrj5M-2oHoycA-5PMUY-77Qb4k-daAHX-8LQWdr-4D4MZw-6BDpHT-hy6wpn-pF36Ky-9Aq8gp-9iM5Qv-2iR65BZ-5nptaM-fSUUXb-p87iDb-xS5eL-koZRu-4qJrW2-gAx3-4MjxJB-9o5wfV-9KSVTb-6BHyjC-a7WDT-7U9CNG-nLDf-tcwS5-5b673V-XJiLuX-5bapbd-b6fumV-aCMiy-7L3dqB-28Depjw-jaJJL-4NTFyu-axEsmT-4qJrpR-5Gi181-GTFV9-55o3mA\" title=\"Feather\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/53\/137670769_89b0145d08_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Feather\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*skamos<\/strong> = light (weight)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scam<\/strong> = lungs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scam\u00e1n, scaman<\/strong> = lung<br \/>\n<strong>scoim, scaim<\/strong> = lungs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scamh\u00f3g<\/strong> [s\u02e0k\u0259\u02c8v\u02e0o\u02d0\u0261 \/ \u02c8s\u02e0kawo\u02d0\u0261] = lung<br \/>\n<strong>scamh\u00f3gach<\/strong> = pulmonary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sgamhan<\/strong> [sgavan] = lung<br \/>\n<strong>sgamhanach<\/strong> [sgavan\u0259x] = pulmonary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scowan<\/strong> = lung<br \/>\n<strong>scowanagh<\/strong> = pulmonary, chesty, bronchial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scamnhegint<\/strong> = to lighten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ysga\u1efdn, yscafyn, ysgavyn, ysgafyn, yscawin, ysgawn<\/strong> = light, quick, swift, nimble<br \/>\n<strong>yscafny<\/strong> = to lighten<br \/>\n<strong>escavynder, yscavnder<\/strong> = lightness, frivolity, levity<br \/>\n<strong>yscaunhav, ysgauynhav, ysgauynhau<\/strong> = to lighten<br \/>\n<strong>eskeueynt, (y)scheueyn, yscefeint, ysgyueint <\/strong> = lungs, lights (food)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ysgafn<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0259s\u0261avn] = light, quick, swift, speedy, brisk, fleet, nimble, light-footed, mild, slight, cheap, easy, unimportant, trifling, soft (drink)<br \/>\n<strong>(y)sgafnaf, (y)sgafnu<\/strong> = to lighten, become giddy, brighten<br \/>\n<strong>ysgafnder<\/strong> = lightness, frivolity, levity<br \/>\n<strong>ysgafnhad<\/strong> = lightening, alleviation<br \/>\n<strong>ysgafnhau<\/strong> = to lighten<br \/>\n<strong>(y)sgyfaint, (y)sgyfain<\/strong> = lungs, lights (food), pulmonary disease, pneumonia<br \/>\n<strong>ysgyfeinaidd, ysgyfeiniol<\/strong> = pulmonary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>sceuens<\/strong> = lungs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scaf, sc\u00e2v, sc\u00e2ff, sc(h)aff, sgav<\/strong> = light in weight, nimble<br \/>\n<strong>scevens, sceuens, skephans<\/strong> = lungs, lights<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skav<\/strong> = agile, flimsy, light, nimble, quick, slight, swift<br \/>\n<strong>skavder<\/strong> = agility, quickness, speed<br \/>\n<strong>skafhe<\/strong> = to lighten<br \/>\n<strong>skevens<\/strong> = lungs<br \/>\n<strong>scowanagh<\/strong> = pulmonary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scam<\/strong> = light, frivolous, alert<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scanff<\/strong> = light, frivolous, alert<br \/>\n<strong>scaffhat<\/strong> = to lighten, mitigate, attenuate<br \/>\n<strong>squeuent, squ\u00e8uent<\/strong> = lungs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ska\u00f1v<\/strong> [\u02c8sk\u00e3(w)] = light, frivolous, alert<br \/>\n<strong>ska\u00f1vaad<\/strong> [sk\u00e3.\u02c8f\u0251\u02d0t \/ sk\u00e3.\u02c8v\u0251\u02d0t] = to lighten, mitigate, attenuate<br \/>\n<strong>ska\u00f1vbennadurezh<\/strong> = frivolity<br \/>\n<strong>ska\u00f1vded<\/strong> [\u02c8sk\u00e3\u02d0.det] = lightness<br \/>\n<strong>skevent<\/strong> [\u02c8ske\u02d0.v\u025bnt] = lungs, pulmonary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from Proto-Indo-European <em>*(s)\u1e31em-<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/skamos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e9tromm<\/strong> [\u02c8e\u02d0drum] = light<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e9trommaigid<\/strong> = to lighten, alleviate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e9tromm, etrom, \u00e9trom<\/strong> = light, airy, buoyant, slight, trifling, unimportant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e9adrom<\/strong> [\u02c8i\u02d0a\u032fd\u032a\u02e0\u0259\u027e\u02e0\u0259m\u02e0 \/ \u02c8e\u02d0d\u032a\u02e0\u027e\u02e0\u0259m\u02e0] = light, not deep, weak, thin, sparse, frivolous, trivial, light-headed, free from care<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e9adromaigeanta<\/strong> = light of spirit, light-hearted<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e9adromaigh<\/strong> = to lighten<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e9adrom\u00e1n<\/strong> = lightened, air-filled, object, balloon, float, light-headed person<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e9adrom\u00e1ntacht<\/strong> = light-headedness, frivolity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>aotrom<\/strong> [\u026f\u02d0dr\u0259m] = light, light-hearted, trivial, frivolous<br \/>\n<strong>aotromachd<\/strong> [\u026f\u02d0dr\u0259m\u0259xg] = lightness, levity, buoyancy<br \/>\n<strong>aotromaich<\/strong> [\u026f\u02d0dr\u0259m\u026a\u00e7] = lighten, make ligter, alleviate<br \/>\n<strong>aotromas<\/strong> [\u026f\u02d0dr\u0259m\u0259s] = lightness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eddrym<\/strong> = light(weight), unsubstantial, slight, mild, feint, benign, weak, empty (headed), flighty, shallow, silly, vain, frivolous<br \/>\n<strong>eddrymaghey<\/strong> = to lighten, unburden, alleviate, ease<br \/>\n<strong>eddrymid<\/strong> = lightness, levity, giddiness, mildness, shallowness<br \/>\n<strong>eddrymys<\/strong> = lightness, levity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Old Irish <em>\u00e9-<\/em> (un-) and <em>trom<\/em> (heavy) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/%C3%A9trum#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>]. More on words for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/24\/heavy\/\">heavy<\/a> in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for light, lungs and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *skamos = light (weight) Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) scam = lungs Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) scam\u00e1n, scaman = lung scoim, scaim = lungs Irish (Gaeilge) scamh\u00f3g [s\u02e0k\u0259\u02c8v\u02e0o\u02d0\u0261 \/ \u02c8s\u02e0kawo\u02d0\u0261] = lung scamh\u00f3gach = pulmonary Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig) sgamhan [sgavan] [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,40,41,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-parts-of-the-body","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8240"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8247,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8240\/revisions\/8247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}