{"id":8207,"date":"2024-06-04T17:15:22","date_gmt":"2024-06-04T16:15:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8207"},"modified":"2025-03-30T20:12:58","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T19:12:58","slug":"honey-wine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/06\/04\/honey-wine\/","title":{"rendered":"Honey Wine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>mead<\/strong>, <strong>wine<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/coaxial\/2975724395\/in\/photolist-5wXnc2-29S5wXC-QHg4D8-QHg3sa-bDUH7H-zMTop-QEtv9g-bsLZLc-ShzJwX-QHg7np-QHfXQp-2oj3g9M-aUHPRD-5XkSMf-RaxKyq-8E9693-9VVHDb-ooqUxq-QEtnrT-2nYogTx-4ZdxVX-oqfvXw-q9kPnV-ptLzpA-2nYkMWF-qqKRvr-2mKASH6-nBvdko-2nZnqwm-aZuoyX-4EZW3M-QQTmmx-ntC29R-QE1fmj-ooqTAW-Quc6wQ-NpumWJ-o8Y8bb-2dyj9hK-Q9fXHJ-4eB8rV-VKx5z-2c5Za46-QHfX9K-oqfvbw-Q9fTtw-DuASLg-2gFvenC-MuQvq2-DSEiWb\" title=\"mead!\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2415\/2975724395_07335dd29f_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"mead!\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*medu<\/strong> = mead, wine, alcoholic drink<br>\n<strong>*medwos<\/strong> = drunk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Celtiberian<\/th>\n<td><strong>Mezu-kenos<\/strong> = <em>personal name &ldquo;mead-born&rdquo;<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>medu<\/strong> = mead<br>\n<strong>Medu-genos<\/strong> = <em>personal name &ldquo;mead-born&rdquo;<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Primitive Irish<\/th>\n<td><strong>medu<\/strong> = mead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Primitive Irish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*&#5771;&#5779;&#5767;&#5778;<\/strong> (*medu) = mead<br>\n<strong>&#5771;&#5779;&#5767;&#5767;&#5777;&#5772;&#5779;&#5765;&#5780;<\/strong> (meddogeni) = <em>personal name &ldquo;mead-born&rdquo;<\/em><br>\n<strong>&#5771;&#5779;&#5767;&#5763;&#5763;&#5780; <\/strong> (medvvi) = <em>personal name &ldquo;meady&rdquo;<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mid<\/strong> [m&#690;i&eth;] = mead<br>\n<strong>medb<\/strong> = strong, intoxicating (liquor)<br>\n<strong>Medb<\/strong> = Maeve (<em>personal name<\/em>)<br>\n<strong>Midgen<\/strong> = <em>personal name &ldquo;mead-born&rdquo;<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mid, midh<\/strong> = mead<br>\n<strong>medb<\/strong> = strong, intoxicating (liquor)<br>\n<strong>Medb<\/strong> [m&#690;e&eth;&beta; \/ m&#690;&#603;&#611;&beta;] = Maeve (<em>personal name<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>me&aacute;<\/strong> [m&#690;&aelig;h \/ m&#690;a(h)] = mead<br>\n<strong>M&eacute;abh<\/strong> [m&#690;e&#720;v&#736; \/ m&#690;e&#720;w \/ m&#690;e&#720;w&#601;] = Maeve (<em>personal name<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>meadh<\/strong> [mj&#612;&#611;] = mead<br>\n<strong>meadhach<\/strong> = fuddled with mead, like mead, abounding in mead<br>\n<strong>Meadhbh<\/strong> [mj&#612;&#720;v] = Maeve (<em>personal name<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>meddagh<\/strong> = mead-maker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*me&eth;<\/strong> [m&#603;&#720;&eth;] = mead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>med<\/strong> = mead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>met, med<\/strong> = mead<br>\n<strong>meddawt, meddavt, meddwdod<\/strong> = drunkenness, inebriation, intoxication<br>\n<strong>meddfaeth, metveith, meduaeth, medweith<\/strong> = nourished on mead, having feastedon mead, mead-feast<br>\n<strong>medgell, meddgell<\/strong> = mead-cellar, drink-cellar<br>\n<strong>met kirn, medgyrn, metgyrn, meddgyrn<\/strong> = mead-horn, drinking-horn<br>\n<strong>metv, medw, meddw<\/strong> = drunk<br>\n<strong>medwyt, medwi, meddwi<\/strong> [&#712;m&#603;&eth;wi] = to get drunk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>medd<\/strong> [me&#720;&eth;] = mead<br>\n<strong>meddaidd<\/strong> = like mead, sweet<br>\n<strong>medd-dod, meddwdod<\/strong> = drunkenness, inebriation, intoxication<br>\n<strong>meddfaeth<\/strong> = luxurious, soft, gentle, delicate, pampered, effeminate<br>\n<strong>meddw<\/strong> [&#712;m&#603;&eth;u] = drunk, intoxicated, fuddled, tipsy<br>\n<strong>meddwi<\/strong> [&#712;m&#603;&eth;wi] = to be(come) drunk or tipsy, to be intoxicated or inebriated, to make drunky<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>medh, medu, meddou<\/strong> = mead<br>\n<strong>medhas<\/strong> = drunkenness, intoxication<br>\n<strong>medho<\/strong> = drunken, intoxicated<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>medh<\/strong> = mead, hydromel<br>\n<strong>medhow<\/strong> = drunk, intoxicated<br>\n<strong>medhwenep<\/strong> = drunkenness, intoxication<br>\n<strong>medhwi<\/strong> = to intoxicate, make drunk<br>\n<strong>medhwynsi<\/strong> = drunkenness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>medot<\/strong> = mead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mez<\/strong> = mead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>mez<\/strong> [me&#720;(s)] = mead<br>\n<strong>mezv<\/strong> [m&#603;(z)w] = drunk, wobbly (furniture)<br>\n<strong>mezventi<\/strong> = alcoholism<br>\n<strong>mezvier<\/strong> = drunkard<br>\n<strong>mezvierezh<\/strong> = drunkenness<br>\n<strong>mezvi&ntilde;<\/strong> [&#712;m&#603;(z)v&#297;] = to get drunk<br>\n<strong>mezvus<\/strong> [&#712;m&#603;(z)vys] = intoxicating, heady<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from PIE <em>*m&eacute;d&#688;u<\/em> (honey, honey wine, mead), possibly related to Proto-Semitic <em>*mata&#7731;-<\/em> (sweet) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/medu\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>mead<\/strong> in English, <strong>mead<\/strong> in English, <strong>mj&ouml;&eth;ur<\/strong> (mead) in Icelandic, <strong>&#1084;&#1077;&#1076;&#1074;&#1077;&#1076;&#1100;<\/strong> [m&#690;&#618;d&#712;v&#690;et&#690;] (bear, large clumsy person, lit. &ldquo;honey eater&rdquo;) in Russian, <strong>mesi<\/strong> (nectar) in Finnish, and possibly <strong>&#34588;<\/strong> (m&igrave; \/ mitsu &ndash; honey) in Chinese and Japanese and <strong>&#48128;<\/strong> (mil &ndash; beeswax, honey) in Korean [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/m%C3%A9d%CA%B0u\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*w&#299;nom<\/strong> = wine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Leptonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>&#66326;&#66313;&#66317;&#66319;&#66316;<\/strong> (uinom) = wine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&iacute;n = wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;n acat = vinegar<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&iacute;n<\/strong> = wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;n&aacute;n<\/strong> = cheap wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;nda<\/strong> = pertaining to wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;nmar<\/strong> = having abundance of wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;ntan<\/strong> = vineyard<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&iacute;on<\/strong> [f&#690;i&#720;n&#810;&#736;] = wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;onchaor<\/strong> = grape<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;oncheanna&iacute;<\/strong> = wine merchant, vintner<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;onda<\/strong> = vinous, pertaining to wine<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;ondaite<\/strong> = wine-coloured<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;onghort<\/strong> [&#712;f&#690;i&#720;n&#736;&#716;&#611;&#596;&#638;&#736;t&#736;] = vineyard<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;onmhar<\/strong> = rich in wine, vinous<br>\n<strong>f&iacute;onsaothr&uacute;<\/strong> = viticulture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&igrave;on<\/strong> [fi&#601;n] = wine<br>\n<strong>f&igrave;on-chaor<\/strong> [fi&#601;n x&#623;&#720;r] = grape<br>\n<strong>f&igrave;on-chrann<\/strong> = grapevine<br>\n<strong>f&igrave;on-fhoghar<\/strong> = wine harvest, vintage<br>\n<strong>f&igrave;on-geur<\/strong> = vinegar<br>\n<strong>f&igrave;on-lios<\/strong> = vineyard<br>\n<strong>f&igrave;onadair<\/strong> = wine-maker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feeyn<\/strong> = wine<br>\n<strong>feeyney<\/strong> = of wine, vinous<br>\n<strong>feeyneyder<\/strong> = wine-maker, vintner<br>\n<strong>feeyneydys<\/strong> = viticulture<br>\n<strong>berrish-feeyney<\/strong> = grape<br>\n<strong>feeyn geayr<\/strong> = vinegar<br>\n<strong>fouyr feeyney<\/strong> = vintage<br>\n<strong>garey feeyney<\/strong> = vineyard<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gwin<\/strong> = wine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>guin<\/strong> = wine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gvin, guin, gwin<\/strong> = wine<br>\n<strong>gwinblas<\/strong> = mansion where wine is dispensed in abundance<br>\n<strong>gwindeveirn<\/strong> = wine-tavern<br>\n<strong>gwindy, gwin-d&#375;<\/strong> = wine-house, wine-tavern, wine-cellar, banqueting house<br>\n<strong>guinegyr, gwinegyr<\/strong> = vinegar<br>\n<strong>guinlann, gwinllan(n)<\/strong> = vineyard, vine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwin<\/strong> [&#609;wi&#720;n] = wine, fermented liquor made from the juice of fruits (apples, elderberries, rhubarb, gooseberries, etc), like wine, pleasant, sweet, fine, excellent<br>\n<strong>gwinbren<\/strong> = vine<br>\n<strong>gwindy<\/strong> = wine-house, wine-tavern, wine-cellar, banqueting house<br>\n<strong>gwinegr<\/strong> = vinegar<br>\n<strong>gwinllan<\/strong> = vineyard, vine, copse, grove, wood, plantation<br>\n<strong>gwinwr, gwinydd<\/strong> = vintner, vine-grower, vine-dresser, vineyard owner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwin, guin<\/strong> = wine<br>\n<strong>gwinbren, guinbren<\/strong> = vine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwin<\/strong> [&#609;wi&#720;n] = wine<br>\n<strong>gwinbren<\/strong> = vine<br>\n<strong>gwinlan<\/strong> = vineyard<br>\n<strong>gwinyer<\/strong> = winemaker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>guin<\/strong> = wine<br>\n<strong>guiniin<\/strong> = vines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>guin, guyn<\/strong> = wine<br>\n<strong>guiny, guyni<\/strong> = vines<br>\n<strong>guynieyer<\/strong> = vineyard <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwin<\/strong> [&#609;w&#297;&#720;n \/ &#609;&#613;&#297;&#720;n] = wine<br>\n<strong>gwinegr<\/strong> [&#609;w&#297;n&#712;&#603;k(r)] = vinegar<br>\n<strong>gwini<\/strong> [&#712;&#609;&#613;&#297;&#720;ni] = vines<br>\n<strong>gwinieg<\/strong> [&#609;&#613;&#297;.&#712;ni&#720;.&#603;k] = vineyard<br>\n<strong>gwinier<\/strong> [&#609;w&#297;.&#712;ni&#720;.&#603;r \/ &#609;&#613;&#297;.&#712;ni&#720;.&#603;r] = winemaker<br>\n<strong>gwinioniezh<\/strong> [&#609;&#613;&#297;.n&#596;&#771;&#712;ni&#720;.&#603;s] = oenology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Latin <em>v&#299;num<\/em> (wine, grapes, grapevine), from Proto-Italic <em>*w&#299;nom<\/em> (wine), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*w&oacute;yh&#8321;nom<\/em> (wine, vine). The Welsh and Cornish words come from Latin via Proto-Celtic, the Breton and Goidelic words were borrowed direct from Latin, and the Leptonic word comes direct from Proto-Italic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/w%C4%ABnom\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>Words from the same roots include <strong>wine<\/strong>, <strong>vine<\/strong>, <strong>vinegar<\/strong> and <strong>oenology<\/strong> (the scientific study of wines and winemaking) in English, <strong>wijn<\/strong> (wine) in Dutch, <strong>vino<\/strong> (wine) in Italian, <strong>wino<\/strong> (wine) in Polish, and possibly <strong>&#4808;&#4845;&#4757;<\/strong> (w&auml;yn &ndash; grape) in Amharic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/w%C3%A9yh%E2%82%81%C5%8D\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &ndash; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for mead, wine and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *medu = mead, wine, alcoholic drink *medwos = drunk Celtiberian Mezu-kenos = personal name &#8220;mead-born&#8221; Gaulish medu = mead Medu-genos = personal name &#8220;mead-born&#8221; Primitive Irish medu = mead Primitive Irish *\u168b\u1693\u1687\u1692 (*medu) = mead \u168b\u1693\u1687\u1687\u1691\u168c\u1693\u1685\u1694 (meddogeni) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,142,16,17,139,26,81,19,20,129,96,25,65,21,83,141,140,3,36,4,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,10,40,105,42,11,12,13,60,106,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-amharic-","category-breton","category-celtiberian","category-chinese---","category-kernewek-cornish","category-dutch-nederlands","category-english","category-etymology","category-finnish-suomi","category-food","category-gaulish","category-icelandic-islenska","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-japanese-","category-korean-","category-language","category-latin","category-leptonic","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-polish-polski","category-primitive-irish","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-proto-italic","category-russian-","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8207","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8207"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8207\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8740,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8207\/revisions\/8740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8207"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8207"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}