{"id":8186,"date":"2024-05-24T22:01:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T21:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8186"},"modified":"2024-05-26T13:58:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-26T12:58:36","slug":"the-end","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/05\/24\/the-end\/","title":{"rendered":"The End"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>end<\/strong>, <strong>after<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/53642499027\/in\/album-72177720316131418\/\" title=\"Kyle of Lochalsh \/ Caol Loch Aillse\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/53642499027_c505dd59e2_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Kyle of Lochalsh \/ Caol Loch Aillse\"\/><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*d\u012bwedom<\/strong> = end<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dead<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u02b2e] = end, conclusion, limit<br \/>\n<strong>d\u00e9idenach<\/strong> = final, last<br \/>\n<strong>deired<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u02b2er\u02b2\u0259\u00f0] = remainder, residue, end, rear, conclusion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dead, deud, diud<\/strong> = end, conclusion, limit<br \/>\n<strong>i ndead, inna dead<\/strong> = below, further on, after, behind, since<br \/>\n<strong>co dead<\/strong> = forever, to the end, always<br \/>\n<strong>fo deoid<\/strong> = = at last, in the end, ultimately<br \/>\n<strong>deired<\/strong> = remainder, residue, end, rear, conclusion<br \/>\n<strong>deiredach<\/strong> = coming at the end, latest, last<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diaidh<\/strong> [d\u02b2i\u0259\u025f \/ d\u02b2i\u0259]<br \/>\n<strong>as diaidh<\/strong> = after, behind<br \/>\n<strong>diaidh ar\/i ndiaidh<\/strong> = gradually<br \/>\n<strong>i ndiaidh<\/strong> [\u0259\u02c8n\u02b2i\u0259\u025f \/ \u0259\u02c8n\u0320\u02b2e\u02d0j] = after, later, subsequently<br \/>\n<strong>ina ndiaidh sin<\/strong> [\u026an\u02e0\u0259 \u02c8ji\u0259 \u0283in] = afterwards, after that<br \/>\n<strong>deireadh<\/strong> = end, conclusion, termination<br \/>\n<strong>deireanach<\/strong> = last, late, latter, recent<br \/>\n<strong>deireana\u00ed<\/strong> = lateness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>d\u00e8idh<\/strong> [d\u02b2e\u02d0] =  after<br \/>\n<strong>an d\u00e8idh<\/strong> [\u0259n\u032a\u02b2\u02c8d\u02b2e\u02d0] = after, behind<br \/>\n<strong>d\u00e8idheanach<\/strong> = last, hindmost<br \/>\n<strong>deireadh<\/strong> [d\u02b2er\u02b2\u0259\u0263] = end, rear, stem, remains, leftovers<br \/>\n<strong>deireannach<\/strong> [d\u02b2er\u02b2\u0259n\u02e0\u0259x] = final, last, ultimate, hindmost, latter, late, tardy, slow, posterior, backward<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>jei<\/strong> = afterwards, after, behind<br \/>\n<strong>jei shoh<\/strong> = henceforth<br \/>\n<strong>jei-cheeayllagh<\/strong> = retarded, backward<br \/>\n<strong>jerrey<\/strong> = back, close, conclusion, effect, end, expiration, expiry, extreme, finale, finish<br \/>\n<strong>jerrinagh<\/strong> = absolute, belated, closing, end, final, last<br \/>\n<strong>jerrinaght<\/strong> = absoluteness, final, finality<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*diwe\u00f0<\/strong> [\u02c8l\u0254\u02d0n] = end, ending<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh (Kembraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diued<\/strong> = end<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diuet, diwet, dyuet, diwed, di\u1efded<\/strong> = end, close, conclusion<br \/>\n<strong>diwedho, diwed<\/strong> = to end, finish, close<br \/>\n<strong>diwedar, diweddar<\/strong> = late, recent, modern, deceased<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diwedd<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u026au\u032f\u025b\u00f0] = end, close, conclusion, consumation, termination, extremity, death, event, issue<br \/>\n<strong>diweddaf, diwedd(u)<\/strong> = to end, finish, close, terminate, perish, put an end to<br \/>\n<strong>diweddar<\/strong> [d\u026au\u032f\u02c8\u025b\u00f0ar] = late, recent, modern, deceased<br \/>\n<strong>diweddaru<\/strong> = to modernize, get or become late<br \/>\n<strong>diweddaf<\/strong> [d\u026au\u032f\u02c8\u025b\u03b8av] = last, final, previous, most recent<br \/>\n<strong>ar y diwedd<\/strong> = in the end, at the end, at last, ultimately, finally<br \/>\n<strong>o&#8217;r diwedd<\/strong> = at last, finally<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diwedh, dewedh<\/strong> = an end, bound, goal, limit<br \/>\n<strong>diwedha<\/strong> = late, utmost<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhas<\/strong> = late<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhe<\/strong> = to end, finish, accomplish<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhva<\/strong> = an ending place, end, conclusion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diwedh<\/strong> = end, outcome<br \/>\n<strong>heb diwedh<\/strong> = endlessly, continuously, eternal<br \/>\n<strong>war an diwedh<\/strong> = at long last, finally, in the long term<br \/>\n<strong>diwedha<\/strong> = to end, expire<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhans<\/strong> = expiry<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhes<\/strong> = late<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhva<\/strong> = destination, end, ending<br \/>\n<strong>diwedhys<\/strong> = ended, late, over<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>diued<\/strong> = end<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>divez, diuez<\/strong> = end<br \/>\n<strong>diuezaff<\/strong> = last, final<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>diwezh<\/strong> [\u02c8diw\u02d0\u025b(s)] = end, final<br \/>\n<strong>diwezha\u00f1<\/strong> [di.\u02c8we\u02d0.z\u00e3] = last, final<br \/>\n<strong>diwezhat<\/strong> [di\u02c8we\u02d0(z)at] = late, remained, backward<br \/>\n<strong>diwezhataat<\/strong> = to postpone, adjorn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Celtic  <em>*d\u012bwedeti<\/em> (to stop), <em>*d\u012b-<\/em> (from, away) and <em>*wedeti<\/em> (to lead), from Proto-Indo-European <em>*w\u00e9d\u02b0eti<\/em> (to lead), from <em>*wed\u02b0-<\/em> (to bind, secure, pledge, guarantee, lead) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/d%C4%ABwedom\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same roots include <strong>engage<\/strong>, <strong>gage<\/strong>, <strong>wage<\/strong>, <strong>wager<\/strong> and <strong>wed<\/strong> in English, and <strong>gager<\/strong> (to guarantee, wager, bet) in French [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/wed%CA%B0-\">source<\/a>]. The word <strong>Taoiseach<\/strong> (the Head of the Irish government), possibly comes from the same roots [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Taoiseach#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for end, after and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *d\u012bwedom = end Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) dead [\u02c8d\u02b2e] = end, conclusion, limit d\u00e9idenach = final, last deired [\u02c8d\u02b2er\u02b2\u0259\u00f0] = remainder, residue, end, rear, conclusion Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) dead, deud, diud = end, conclusion, limit i ndead, inna [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,44,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,10,40,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8186"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8198,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8186\/revisions\/8198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}