{"id":8136,"date":"2024-04-30T15:32:44","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T14:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=8136"},"modified":"2024-10-24T16:50:51","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T15:50:51","slug":"meaty-flesh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/04\/30\/meaty-flesh\/","title":{"rendered":"Meaty Flesh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&rsquo;re looking at the words for <strong>meat<\/strong>, <strong>flesh<\/strong>, <strong>breast<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/p_y_d\/2506117371\/in\/photolist-4rt79u-PQMi9-4Psvoc-4aKc4b-NYkhp-2mRGFE4-2p4f9Jj-2jhKJ4v-fFR3-9tsspP-2oKqsFd-9uK9Hh-2jjwuZK-4fEZLs-QVVGbB-rArCmT-TPV9Lr-2fwxU1X-TCrDEr-TPV9F6-iyXWE-5TRMo1-4iFLzF-4r58mU-eDuGD-25K5WNL-aEHqiA-6qr4gr-2VE9U-6MiG7o-2od8jmo-FkdWR-5mnsDw-9s8S3B-bfrLY-czU1HL-4RBSvG-3ckBXY-4AXDRt-5P1zcW-6NaeHd-9YFs6h-FkenR-6eUgQE-wXDZE-2nGyojH-TPV9Hv-iEHKcv-iKqqg-4WFwdv\" title=\"MEAT\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2406\/2506117371_42353b87fd_z.jpg\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" alt=\"MEAT\"><\/a><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*k&#299;kos<\/strong> = breast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Primitive Irish<\/th>\n<td><strong>&#5769;&#5769;&#5780;&#5769;&#5776;<\/strong> (ccica-) = breast<br>\n<strong>&#5769;&#5769;&#5780;&#5769;&#5776;&#5771;&#5780;&#5765;&#5780;<\/strong> (ccicamini) = <em>male given name<\/em><\/td>\n\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&iacute;ch<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;x] = breast<br>\n<strong>C&iacute;chmuine<\/strong> [&#712;k&#690;i&#720;xmun&#690;e] = <em>male given name<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&iacute;ch<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#720;x] = pap, breast, nipple, teat<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;chech, c&#299;gech<\/strong> [&#712;k&#690;i&#720;x&#690;&#601;x] = big-chested<br>\n<strong>Cichmuine, Cichmhuine, C&iacute;chmaine<\/strong> = <em>male given name<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&iacute;och<\/strong> [ci&#601;x] = breast, pap, papilla, protuberance<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;ochach<\/strong> = mammary<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;ochbheart<\/strong> = bra(ssiere)<br>\n<strong>c&iacute;och-chruthach<\/strong> = mammiform<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&igrave;och<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#601;x] = breast, pap<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;ochach<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#601;x&#601;x] = mammary, pertainning to breasts, ample-bosomed<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;ochag<\/strong><br>\n<strong>c&igrave;och<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#601;xag] = valve, small breast<br>\n<strong>c&igrave;ocharan<\/strong> [k&#690;i&#601;xan] = suckling infant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>keeagh<\/strong> [ki&#720;x] = breast, bud, nipple, pap, teat<br>\n<strong>keeaghagh<\/strong> = mammary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kig<\/strong> = meat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cic, kic<\/strong> = meat<br>\n<strong>cigva<\/strong> meat market, butcher&rsquo;s shop, shambles, slaughter-house, carnage<br>\n<strong>cicbran, cicuran, kigvrain, kicfran<\/strong> = raven<br>\n<strong>kicawc, kigawc<\/strong> = meaty, fleshy<br>\n<strong>kiccyd, kygyd, kigydd<\/strong> = butcher<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cig<\/strong> [ki&#720;&#609;] = meat, flesh<br>\n<strong>cigaf, cigo<\/strong> = to fatten, become fleshy<br>\n<strong>cigaidd<\/strong> = meaty, fleshy, bloody, cruel, carnivorous,<br>\n<strong>cigfa<\/strong> meat market, butcher&rsquo;s shop, shambles, slaughter-house, carnage<br>\n<strong>cigfran<\/strong> = raven<br>\n<strong>cigog<\/strong> = meaty, fleshy<br>\n<strong>cigydd<\/strong> = butcher<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>cic, chic<\/strong> = meat, flesh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cig, kig<\/strong> = meat, flesh<br>\n<strong>cigliu<\/strong> = flesh-coloured<br>\n<strong>cigver, kiguer<\/strong> = flesh-fork<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kig<\/strong> = meat, flesh<br>\n<strong>kiger, kigores<\/strong> = butcher<br>\n<strong>kigereth<\/strong> = butchery, slaughterhouse<br>\n<strong>kigliw<\/strong> = flesh (colour), pink<br>\n<strong>kigti, kigva<\/strong> = butcher&rsquo;s, butchery, slaughterhouse<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>cic<\/strong> = meat, flesh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>quic<\/strong> = meat, flesh<br>\n<strong>quicguec<\/strong> = fleshy, muscled<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kig<\/strong> [ki&#720;k] = meat, flesh<br>\n<strong>kigder<\/strong> = overweight<br>\n<strong>kigek<\/strong> = fleshy, muscular, plump<br>\n<strong>kigenn<\/strong> [&#712;ki&#720;&#609;&#603;n] = complexion, muscule<br>\n<strong>kigennan, kigenna&ntilde;<\/strong> = to build muscule, to heal<br>\n<strong>kigennek<\/strong> [ki&#712;&#609;&#603;n&#720;ek] = muscule<br>\n<strong>kiger<\/strong> [&#712;ki&#720;&#609;&#603;r] = butcher<br>\n<strong>kigerezh<\/strong> [ki.&#712;&#609;&#603;&#720;.r&#603;s] = butcher&rsquo;s shop<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: assumed to be of expressive\/imitative origin [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/k%C4%ABkos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brollach<\/strong> = breast, bosom, chest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brollach, brothlach<\/strong> = breast, bosom, chest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brollach<\/strong> [b&#736;&#601;&#638;&#736;&#712;l&#810;&#736;ax\/&#712;b&#736;&#638;&#736;&#596;l&#810;&#736;&#601;x] = breast, bosom, front, beginning, preface, prologue<br>\n<strong>brollaiocht<\/strong> = close wrestling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brollach<\/strong> [br&#596;l&#810;&#736;&#601;x] = bosom, breast, bust, chest, brisket<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brollagh<\/strong> = bosom, breast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: related to the Old Irish <em>bruinne<\/em> (breast) and <em>br&uacute;<\/em> (belly) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/brollach\">source<\/a>]. See also the post about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/05\/12\/hills\/\">Hills<\/a><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*we&#632;olis<\/strong> = flesh, meat (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fe&oacute;il, f&eacute;uil<\/strong> [f&#690;e&#720;u&#815;l&#690;] = flesh, meat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fe&oacute;il, fe&oacute;l<\/strong> = flesh, meat<br>\n<strong>fe&oacute;laigid<\/strong> = to make or form flesh<br>\n<strong>fe&oacute;lairecht<\/strong> = butchery, slaughter<br>\n<strong>fe&oacute;lamail<\/strong> = the flesh, worldly<br>\n<strong>fe&oacute;lmar<\/strong> = fleshy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feoil<\/strong> [f&#690;o&#720;l&#690;\/f&#690;&#596;&#720;l&#690;] = flesh, meat<br>\n<strong>feoilteach<\/strong> = carnivorous<br>\n<strong>feoilteoir<\/strong> = carnivore<br>\n<strong>feoils&eacute;ant&oacute;ir<\/strong> = vegetarian<br>\n<strong>feoilaire<\/strong> = butcher<br>\n<strong>feoilmhar<\/strong> = fleshy, fat, flabby<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fe&ograve;il<\/strong> [fj&#596;&#720;l&#810;&#736;] = flesh, meat<br>\n<strong>fe&ograve;il-itheach<\/strong> [fj&#596;&#720;l&#810;&#736; i&ccedil;&#601;x] = carnivorous<br>\n<strong>fe&ograve;il-itheadair<\/strong> [fj&#596;&#720;l&#810;&#736; i&ccedil;&#601;d&#618;r&#690;] = carnivore<br>\n<strong>fe&ograve;il-sheachnair<\/strong> = vegetarian<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feill<\/strong> [fe&#720;l&#690;] = flesh, meat<br>\n<strong>feillagh<\/strong> = fleshy, meaty<br>\n<strong>feill-eeagh<\/strong> = carnivorous<br>\n<strong>feilleyder<\/strong> = butcher<br>\n<strong>feill-haghnagh<\/strong> = vegetarian (adj)<br>\n<strong>feill-haghneyder<\/strong> = vegetartian (person)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: uncertain [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/f%C3%A9oil#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cnes<\/strong> = skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cnes, cnis, cneis, cneas<\/strong> = skin, surface, body, flesh, bosom, breast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cneas<\/strong> [cn&#690;as&#736;\/c&#638;&#690;as&#736;] = skin, good appearance<br>\n<strong>cneasach<\/strong> = covered with skin, cutaneous<br>\n<strong>cneasa&iacute;<\/strong> = close companion, spouse, healer<br>\n<strong>cneasaigh<\/strong> = to cicatrize, heal<br>\n<strong>cneasluiteach<\/strong> = skintight<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cneas<\/strong> [kr&#690;&#7869;s] = skin, bosom<br>\n<strong>cneasachadh<\/strong> [kr&#690;es&#601;x&#601;&#611;] = (act of) squeezing, tightening, pressing, making slender, curing, healing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kn&#333;to-<\/strong> = flesh (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>knaud, cnaut, kna&#7933;t, knawt<\/strong> = flesh<br>\n<strong>knowdio<\/strong> = to incarnate, gather flesh, be conceived<br>\n<strong>kna&#7933;ta&#7933;l, kna&#7933;da&#7933;l, knoawdol<\/strong> = bodily, carnal, physical, sensual, fleshy, plump<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cnawd<\/strong> [knau&#815;d] = flesh<br>\n<strong>cnawdaidd<\/strong> = pertaining to the flesh, carnal<br>\n<strong>cnawd(i)edig<\/strong> = fleshy, carnal<br>\n<strong>cnawdiad<\/strong> = incarnation, putting on of flesh<br>\n<strong>cnawdiaf, cnawdio<\/strong> = to incarnate, gather flesh, be conceived<br>\n<strong>cnawdig<\/strong> = fleshy, carnal, fat, plump<br>\n<strong>cnawdol<\/strong> = bodily, carnal, physical, sensual, fleshy, plump<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kneus<\/strong> = skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kneud<\/strong> = carnality, fleshliness (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from PIE <em>*kneu-t-<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/cy.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cnawd\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>More Celtic words for <strong>breast<\/strong> and <strong>meat<\/strong> can be found on the posts about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/05\/12\/hills\/\">Hills<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2024\/03\/20\/central-hearts\/\">Central Hearts<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/02\/24\/baskets\/\">Baskets<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/01\/29\/wings\/\">Wings<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/11\/22\/bones\/\">Bones<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/03\/29\/fatty-lard\/\">Fatty Lard<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2019\/07\/08\/food\/\">Food<\/a> <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikisource.org\/wiki\/An_Etymological_Dictionary_of_the_Gaelic_Language\">An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionaryq.com\/gaelg\/\">Fockleyreen: Manx &ndash; English Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/corpus.gaelg.im\/\">Gaelg Corpus<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/page\/n5\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon cornu-britannicum : a dictionary of the ancient Celtic language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Devri : Le dictionaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionnaires bilingues de Francis Favereau \/ Edition Skol Vreizh<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for meat, flesh, breast and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *k\u012bkos = breast Primitive Irish \u1689\u1689\u1694\u1689\u1690 (ccica-) = breast \u1689\u1689\u1694\u1689\u1690\u168b\u1694\u1685\u1694 (ccicamini) = male given name Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) c\u00edch [k\u02b2i\u02d0x] = breast C\u00edchmuine [\u02c8k\u02b2i\u02d0xmun\u02b2e] = male given name Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,96,21,3,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,41,42,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-food","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-parts-of-the-body","category-primitive-irish","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8136"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8136\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8541,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8136\/revisions\/8541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}