{"id":7316,"date":"2023-06-15T14:54:14","date_gmt":"2023-06-15T13:54:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=7316"},"modified":"2023-06-18T12:38:15","modified_gmt":"2023-06-18T11:38:15","slug":"sevenfold","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/06\/15\/sevenfold\/","title":{"rendered":"Sevenfold"},"content":{"rendered":"

Words for seven<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages:<\/p>\n

\"seven\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n*sextam<\/strong> = seven
\n*sextametos<\/strong> = seventh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Old Irish (Goídelc)<\/th>\nsecht<\/strong> [sʲext] = seven
\nsechtmad<\/strong> = seventh
\nsechtae<\/strong> = seven things
\nsechtmoga<\/strong> = seventy
\nsechtmain<\/strong> = week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\nsecht<\/strong> [ɕext] = seven, seven times, seven things
\nsechtmad, sechtmet, ṡec[t]maid<\/strong> = seventh, one of seven; a period of seven days
\nsechtae, sechta<\/strong> = sevenfold, septenary, septenary
\nsechtmoga, sechtmogo, sechtmogat<\/strong> = seventy
\nsechtmain(e)<\/strong> = week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\nseacht<\/strong> [ʃaxt̪ˠ\/ʃæxt̪ˠ]= seven
\nseacht déag<\/strong> = seventeen
\nseachtú<\/strong> = seventh (7ᵗʰ), seventh part
\nseachtach<\/strong> = seventh (in music)
\nseachtain<\/strong> = week
\nseachtainiúil<\/strong> = weekly
\nseachtar<\/strong> = seven people\/things
\nseachtó<\/strong> = seventy
\nseachtbhliantúil<\/strong> = septennial (a period or cycle of seven years)
\nseachtchodach<\/strong> = sevenfold
\nseachtfhillte<\/strong> = folded in seven, sevenfold<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig)<\/th>\nseachd<\/strong> [ʃɛxg] = seven
\nseachdamh<\/strong> [ʃɛxgəv] (7ᵐʰ) = seventh (7ᵗʰ)
\nseachdnar<\/strong> [ʃɛxgn̪ər] = seven people
\nseachd-fillte<\/strong> = sevenfold
\nseachd-shliosach<\/strong> [ʃesgəd] = heptagon(al)
\nseachd deug<\/strong> = seventeen
\nseachdad<\/strong> [ʃɛxgəd] = seventy, the 70s
\nseachdain<\/strong> [ʃɛxgɛn̪ʲ] = week
\nseachdaineil<\/strong> [ʃɛxgɪn̪ʲal] = weekly
\ndeireadh-seachdain, ceann-seachdain<\/strong> = weekend
\nNa Seachd-Reultan<\/strong> = the Pleiades, the Seven Sisters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\nshiaght<\/strong> [ʃaːxt] = seven, septet
\nshiaghtoo, (yn) chiaghtoo<\/strong> = seventh
\nshiaght jeig<\/strong> = seventeen
\nshiaght jeigoo<\/strong> = seventeenth
\nshiaght filley<\/strong> = septuple, sevenfold
\nshiaghtin<\/strong> = week, heptagon
\njerrey shiaghtin<\/strong> = weekend<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gaulish<\/th>\nsextam<\/strong> = seven
\nsextametos<\/strong> = seventh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n*seiθ<\/strong> [sɛi̯θ] = seven
\n*seɨθβ̃ed<\/strong> [hwɛˈxɛːd] = seventh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cumbric<\/th>\nmithy, lethera, saites<\/strong> = seven<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\nsseith, seith<\/strong> [sei̯θ] = seven
\nseithued, seythuet, seithuet<\/strong> = seventh
\nseith dyblyc, saith ddyblyg<\/strong> = sevenfold
\nseyth nyn, seyth dyn<\/strong> = seven persons, seven men<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\nsaith<\/strong> [sai̯θ] = seven, sevenpence
\nseithfed<\/strong> (7ed) [ˈsei̯θvɛd\/ˈsei̯θvad] = seventh
\nsaithdeg<\/strong> = seventy
\nsaithdegau<\/strong> = seventies
\nsaithdegfed<\/strong> = sevenieth
\nsaithddyblyg<\/strong> = sevenfold
\nseithawd<\/strong> = a group of seven people or things, septet, seventh (in music)
\nseithblyg<\/strong> = sevenfold, septuple, have 7 parts or arms (candelabrum)
\nseithliw<\/strong> = seven colours, seven-coloured, iridescent
\nseithnyn<\/strong> = seven persons, seven men
\nseithochr<\/strong> = heptagon(al), septangular<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Old Cornish<\/th>\nsyth<\/strong> = seven<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\nseith, syth, sŷth<\/strong> = seven
\nseithvas, sythvas<\/strong> = seventh
\nseitag, seitek<\/strong> = seventeen
\nseithun, seithan, sythyn<\/strong> = week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\nseyth<\/strong> [səiθ] = seven
\nseythves<\/strong> = seventh
\nseythen<\/strong> = week
\nseythennyek, seythednek<\/strong> = weekly
\npennseythen<\/strong> = weekend<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\nseith<\/strong> = seven<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\nseiz, seyz<\/strong> = seven
\nseizuet, seizüet, seihuit, seizved<\/strong> = seventh
\nseizdec, seitec, seytecq, zeitec<\/strong> = seventeen
\nseitêcvèd, seitekved, zeiteget<\/strong> = seventeenth
\nsizun, syzun, sehun, siun<\/strong> = week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\nseizh<\/strong> [ˈxwɛx] = seven
\nseizhved<\/strong> = seventh
\nseitek<\/strong> = seventeen
\nseitegvet<\/strong> = seventeenth
\nsizhun<\/strong> = week<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Etymology<\/strong>: from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥<\/em> (seven) [source<\/a>]. Words from the same PIE root include seven<\/strong>, and words beginning with hepta-\/sept(a\/i)-<\/strong>, such as heptastyle<\/strong> (having 7 columns), septemplex<\/strong> (sevenfold), septasyllabic<\/strong> (having 7 syllables) and septilateral<\/strong> (having 7 sides) in English, and words related to seven in other Indo-European languages [source<\/a>].<\/p>\n

The Old Irish word sechtmain<\/em> was borrowed from the Late Latin septimāna<\/em> (week), from septimānus<\/em> (related to the 7th element of a series), from the Latin septimus<\/em> (7th) [source<\/a>]. Words for week in Cornish and Breton probably came from the same roots.<\/p>\n

A week in Welsh is wythnos<\/strong> (“8-night”), as weeks in Wales have an extra night. A weekend is penwythnos<\/strong> and a fortnight (2 weeks) is pythefnos<\/strong> (“15-night”).<\/p>\n

Sources: Wiktionary<\/a>, Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, Teanglann.ie<\/a>, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, In Dúil Bélrai English – Old Irish glossary<\/a>, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, TermOfis<\/a>, Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, Geriafurch<\/a>, English – ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Words for seven and related things in Celtic languages: Proto-Celtic *sextam = seven *sextametos = seventh Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) secht [s\u02b2ext] = seven sechtmad = seventh sechtae = seven things sechtmoga = seventy sechtmain = week Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) secht [\u0255ext] = seven, seven times, seven things sechtmad, sechtmet, \u1e61ec[t]maid = seventh, one of seven; […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,128,19,20,25,21,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,11,12,13,23,91,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-cumbric","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-time","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7316","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7316"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7329,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7316\/revisions\/7329"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}