{"id":7294,"date":"2023-05-26T13:24:46","date_gmt":"2023-05-26T12:24:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=7294"},"modified":"2023-05-26T13:24:47","modified_gmt":"2023-05-26T12:24:47","slug":"short-cuts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/05\/26\/short-cuts\/","title":{"rendered":"Short Cuts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>short<\/strong>, <strong>cut<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages:<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/anglerp\/464712749\/in\/photolist-H4LUM-bNVWZK-dsYTjo-29ppn3o-e6ThsA-27jFhTb-5zgmvL-nYupVU-5zgkE1-qT4D6G-aKW1VM-e6TgnS-G61T4-ahHv4d-9pkj8e-aJu1n6-ErUnA5-xuCHJe-bwKEja-256b2a9-9bwdm9-nQzYaA-rjZpDr-oQ7ygB-8MJkSc-ac7Z5A-aiecLK-7JRfXn-2TP6Z4-frbYvC-7GcA7H-nCq2As-haG98-tKv8y8-MywXu8-qDAMvR-hYBpt3-9wfrm1-eeTT88-aVuhev-9eHV8q-oa4K9m-aeaWHE-7cAC8y-83w7Te-JQ1Nau-7WGMX4-2EAj1-cRnMFb-dvJNH\" title=\"Scout Cardigan Corgi\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/224\/464712749_141f568ae3_z.jpg\" alt=\"Scout Cardigan Corgi\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*birros<\/strong> = short<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>berr<\/strong> [b\u02b2er\u0348] = short<br \/>\n<strong>berraid<\/strong> = to shear, clip, shave, cut, shear, tonsure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>berr, bearr<\/strong> = short<br \/>\n<strong>berrad<\/strong> = to cut, clip, shave, cut, tonsure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bearr<\/strong> [b\u02b2\u0251\u02d0\u027e\u02e0\/b\u02b2a\u02d0\u027e\u02e0] = to clip, cut, trim, cut (hair), shave, fleece (sb)<br \/>\n<strong>bearradh<\/strong> = cutting<br \/>\n<strong>bearrth\u00f3ir<\/strong> = trimmer, shearer<br \/>\n<strong>bearrth\u00f3ireacht<\/strong> = trimming, cutting speech<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>be\u00e0rr<\/strong> = short, brief (<em>archaic<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>be\u00e0rr<\/strong> [bja\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0] = to cut, shave, crop, shear, pare, prune, clip, poll, dehorn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>baarey<\/strong> = to bare, clip, cut, dress, poll, prune, shave,  trimmed<br \/>\n<strong>baareyder<\/strong> = barber, cutter, shaver, clipper<br \/>\n<strong>baarys<\/strong> = tonsure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*birros<\/strong> = a coarse kind of thick woollen cloth; a woollen cap or hood worn over the shoulders or head&lt;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*b\u0268rr<\/strong> [\u02c8b\u0268r\u0348] = short<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>birr, byrr<\/strong> = short, small, brief<br \/>\n<strong>b\u0177r-br\u0177d<\/strong> = a short meal of meat<br \/>\n<strong>uyrder, byrder<\/strong> = shortness, brevity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>byr<\/strong> [b\u0268\u031er\/b\u026ar] = short, small, brief, concise, condensed, abrupt, curt, stingy, sparing, deficient, faulty<br \/>\n<strong>byrbryd<\/strong> = light meal, lunch, snack<br \/>\n<strong>byrbwyll<\/strong> = rash, reckless, thoughtless<br \/>\n<strong>byrder<\/strong> = shortness, brevity, smallness, conciseness, scarity, deficiency<br \/>\n<strong>byrdra<\/strong> = shortness, brevity, smallness, curtness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ber<\/strong> = short, diminutive, brief<br \/>\n<strong>beranal<\/strong> = asthma, shortness of breath<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>berr<\/strong> [b\u025b\u0279] = short, brief<br \/>\n<strong>berrhe<\/strong> = to abbreviate, shorten<br \/>\n<strong>berrheans<\/strong> = abrreviation<br \/>\n<strong>berrskrifa<\/strong> = to summarise<br \/>\n<strong>berrwelyek<\/strong> = short-sighted<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>berr, ber, b\u00e8r<\/strong> = short, brief<br \/>\n<strong>berr-ha-berr<\/strong> = very short, shortly briefly<br \/>\n<strong>berraat<\/strong> = to shorten, abbreivate, reduce<br \/>\n<strong>berradenn<\/strong> = shortening<br \/>\n<strong>berradur<\/strong> = abbreviation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>berr<\/strong> = short, brief<br \/>\n<strong>berr-ha-berr<\/strong> = very short, shortly briefly<br \/>\n<strong>berradenn<\/strong> = shortening<br \/>\n<strong>berradur<\/strong> = abbreviation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Latin and Gaulish, include <strong>beret<\/strong> in English, <strong>b\u00e9ret<\/strong> (beret) in French, <strong>berret<\/strong> (cap) in Gascon, <strong>biretta<\/strong> (a square cap worm by Roman Catholic priests) in English and Italian, <strong>berretto<\/strong> (beanie, cap) in Italian, <strong>barrete<\/strong> (biretta, cap) in Portuguese, <strong>birrete<\/strong> (biretta) in French, and <strong>\u03b2\u03af\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong> [\u02c8\u03b2ir.ros] (a type of cloak or mantle) in Ancient Greek [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/birros\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gerros<\/strong> = short<br \/>\n<strong>*gari-<\/strong> = short<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gerr, gearr<\/strong> = short, a short time, castrated<br \/>\n<strong>gerraid<\/strong> = to cut, mutilate, shorten, carve<br \/>\n<strong>garait<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261ar\u0259d\u02b2] = short<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gerr<\/strong> [\u0261\u02b2er\u0348] = short<br \/>\n<strong>gairaid<\/strong> = to cut short, cut off, mutilate<br \/>\n<strong>garit, garait, gairit<\/strong> = short (time\/distance\/length)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gearr<\/strong> [\u025f\u0251\u02d0\u027e\u02e0\/\u025fa\u02d0\u027e\u02e0] = short; to cut, shorten, reduce<br \/>\n<strong>gearrach\u00e1n<\/strong> = cutting remark<br \/>\n<strong>gearradh<\/strong> = cutting, cut, levy, rate, speed<br \/>\n<strong>gearr\u00e1n<\/strong> = gelding, pack-horse, small horse, nag, strong-boned woman<br \/>\n<strong>gearr\u00f3g<\/strong> = short bit, scrap, short drill or furrow, short stocky girl, short answer<br \/>\n<strong>gearrth\u00f3g<\/strong> = cutting, snippet, trimmings, cutlet<br \/>\n<strong>gearrth\u00f3ir<\/strong> = cutter, chisel<br \/>\n<strong>gairid<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261a\u027e\u02b2\u0259d\u02b2] = short, near, close<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ge\u00e0rr<\/strong> [g\u02b2a\u02d0r\u032a\u02e0] = short, thick-set, squat, dumpy, brief, concise, succinct, scanty; to cut, carve, sever, dock<br \/>\n<strong>goirid<\/strong> [g\u0264r\u02b2\u026ad\u02b2] = short, brief, brusque<br \/>\n<strong>giorraich<\/strong> [g\u02b2ir\u032a\u026a\u00e7] = abbreviate, abrige, shorten, curtail<br \/>\n<strong>giorrachadh<\/strong> [g\u02b2ir\u032a\u02e0\u0259x\u0259\u0263] = abbreviation, abridgement, summary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>giare<\/strong> =  abbreviated, abridged, abrupt, brief, brusque, compact, concise, curt, short, summary<br \/>\n<strong>giarey<\/strong> = to abbreviate, abridge, axe, carve castrate, clip, cut<br \/>\n<strong>girraghey<\/strong> = to abbreviate, abridge, contract, shorten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*\u01f5\u02b0er-<\/em> (short). Words from the same PIE root include <strong>\u0939\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0935<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0266\u027e\u0250s\u032a.\u028b\u0250] (short, small, dwarfish, little, low; a dwarf) in Sanskrit, and <strong>\u0939\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0935<\/strong> [\u0266\u027e\u0259s\u032a.\u028b\u1d4a] (a short vowel) in Hindi, and possibly <strong>girl<\/strong> in English [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/gerr#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhfiveg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for short, cut and related things in Celtic languages: Proto-Celtic *birros = short Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) berr [b\u02b2er\u0348] = short berraid = to shear, clip, shave, cut, shear, tonsure Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) berr, bearr = short berrad = to cut, clip, shave, cut, tonsure Irish (Gaeilge) bearr [b\u02b2\u0251\u02d0\u027e\u02e0\/b\u02b2a\u02d0\u027e\u02e0] = to clip, cut, trim, cut [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,39,16,26,19,20,44,25,111,21,83,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,27,45,10,93,11,12,13,124,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-ancient-greek","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-hindi-","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-occitan","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-portuguese-portugues","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-sanskrit-","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7294","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7294"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7294\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7295,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7294\/revisions\/7295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7294"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7294"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}