{"id":7213,"date":"2023-03-23T13:43:52","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T13:43:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=7213"},"modified":"2023-04-24T17:23:10","modified_gmt":"2023-04-24T16:23:10","slug":"sweet-and-gentle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/03\/23\/sweet-and-gentle\/","title":{"rendered":"Sweet and Gentle"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>dear<\/strong>, <strong>gentle<\/strong>, <strong>sweet<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/maryshattock\/52196407833\/in\/photolist-2nwqey6-2mg6UZ9-5CjoBk-2ohjsuT-odbNM1-2mfDHeP-2bRdSJh-dTpQzA-gfPTqy-bkrgD4-o8E5eH-9BAMgG-98FiHq-d9pg9q-vfKHNM-Knq4Cq-87REwM-Qvd3B5-6uUdv4-2nV2JjC-2ogoqoc-Y46qnG-dc5emt-2kSPgzC-2heUEyx-okjQVo-nVbVK9-2nyV4bm-2ntLVNy-5rBgWf-4UxUEe-2nCkwkn-2jzjHdX-ogKHrz-4vAYdy-2kAsRsm-QMVTSK-bk4rQW-2nAi1BE-3FPGCq-2hbAgs-2hMzsTo-e5ustv-6gd2Lr-XcUHpy-2j3WtQV-chigY9-7nM8sf-2og4XYK-2koG24g\" title=\"Brodie Bichon Frise 9 weeks old\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/52196407833_06efdae19e_z.jpg\" alt=\"Brodie Bichon Frise 9 weeks old\" width=\"640\" height=\"467\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*koimos<\/strong> = dear, nice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>Coemo<\/strong> = <em>name<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&aacute;em<\/strong> [ko&#720;i&#815;&#7805;] = beloved, dear, fair, lovely, friend, noble<br>\n<strong>ca&iacute;me<\/strong> = beauty, loveliness, charity, kindliness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&aacute;em, c&aacute;omh<\/strong> = dear, precious, beloved, belonging to the family; fair, beautiful, lovely<br>\n<strong>c&aacute;emach<\/strong> = a noble<br>\n<strong>c&aacute;emaid<\/strong> = treats kindly, is gracious towards, cherishes<br>\n<strong>c&aacute;emaigid<\/strong> = to make smooth<br>\n<strong>c&aacute;emdae<\/strong> = fair, beautiful<br>\n<strong>c&aacute;emthach<\/strong> = friend, companion; company, companionship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>caomh<\/strong> [ke&#720;v&#736;\/ki&#720;v&#736;\/ki&#720;w] = dear one, companion, gentle, noble, person, dear, mild, pleasant, lovely, smooth<br>\n<strong>caomhantas<\/strong> = conservation, preservation<br>\n<strong>caoimhe<\/strong> = gentleness, mildness, sweetness, loveliness, smoothness<br>\n<strong>caomhach<\/strong> = attendant, protective<br>\n<strong>caomhna&iacute;<\/strong> = companion<br>\n<strong>caoimhnaigh<\/strong> to cherish, preserve, conserve, protect<br>\n<strong>caomhn&oacute;ir<\/strong> = guardian, protector, patron<br>\n<strong>caomhn&uacute;<\/strong> = preservation, conservation, protection<br>\n<strong>macaomh<\/strong> = young person, youth, boy, lad, cub (scout)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>caomh<\/strong> [k&#623;&#720;v] = kind, gentle, tender, beloved; kindness, gentleness, friend, beloved, object<br>\n<strong>caomhnadh<\/strong> [k&#623;&#771;&#720;vn&#601;&#611;] = saving, conservation, economising, reserving, booking, reservation, sparing<br>\n<strong>caomhnachas<\/strong> [k&#623;&#834;vn&#601;x&#601;s] = economy, frugality<br>\n<strong>caomhail<\/strong> [k&#623;&#720;val] = friendly, gentle, kind<br>\n<strong>caomhan<\/strong> [k&#623;&#720;van] = kind\/mild-mannered person, nobleman<br>\n<strong>caomhag<\/strong> [k&#623;&#720;vag] = affectionate\/gentle woman, lass(ie)<br>\n<strong>caomhalachd<\/strong> [k&#623;&#720;v&#601;l&#810;&#736;&#601;xg] = kindness<br>\n<strong>caomhradh<\/strong> [k&#623;&#771;&#720;vra] = euphemism<br>\n<strong>caomh-chompanach<\/strong> = bosom friend\/pal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*k&#649;&beta;&#771;<\/strong> = ?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ku, cu, c&ucirc;<\/strong> = dear, beloved<br>\n<strong>kideb, kudeb<\/strong> = fondness, affection, dearness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cu<\/strong> [k&#616;&#720;\/ki&#720;] = dear, beloved, amiable, pleasant, precious, beautiful; dear one, precious thing<br>\n<strong>cuaidd<\/strong> = loving, affectionate, precious<br>\n<strong>cudeb, cudab<\/strong> = fondness, affection, dearness<br>\n<strong>cudeg<\/strong> = fair and amiable<br>\n<strong>cuder<\/strong> = fondness, affection<br>\n<strong>mamgu<\/strong> = grandmother<br>\n<strong>tadcu<\/strong> = grandfather<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cuf, c&ucirc;f<\/strong> = dear, amiable, beloved, loving<br>\n<strong>cuef<\/strong> = dear, kindly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kuv<\/strong> = affectionate, amiable, amicable, dear, kind, kindly, pleasant; beloved, darling<br>\n<strong>kuv kolon<\/strong> = sweetheart<br>\n<strong>kuvder<\/strong> = kindness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>cum<\/strong> = bright, brilliant, light, candle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cuff, c&ucirc;n, cu&ntilde;, kunv<\/strong> = affable, soft, sweet, gentle, mild<br>\n<strong>cuffhat, cu&ntilde;haat, ku&ntilde;vaat<\/strong> = to become affable<br>\n<strong>cuffhadur, cu&ntilde;hadur, ku&ntilde;vadur<\/strong> = affability, moral sweetness<br>\n<strong>cuffheat, kuneet, ku&ntilde;vaet<\/strong> = softened, soothed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ku&ntilde;v<\/strong> [&#712;k&#7929;&#720;] = benign, mild<br>\n<strong>ku&ntilde;vded<\/strong> = mildness<br>\n<strong>tad-ku&ntilde;v<\/strong> = great grandfather<br>\n<strong>mab-ku&ntilde;v<\/strong> = great grandson<br>\n<strong>moereb-ku&ntilde;v<\/strong> = great aunt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> uncertain [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/koimos\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The name <strong>Kevin<\/strong> comes from the Irish name <strong>Caoimh&iacute;n<\/strong> [&#712;ki&#720;v&#690;i&#720;n&#690;] from the Middle Irish <em>Caoimhghin<\/em> [&#712;k&#601;i&#7805;&#690;&#669;i&#720;n&#690;] from the Old Irish <em>C&oacute;emgein<\/em> [&#712;koi&#7805;&#690;&#611;&#690;in&#690;], (also written <em>C&aacute;emgein\/C&#509;imgen<\/em>), from <em>c&aacute;em<\/em> (beloved, dear) and <em>gein<\/em> (birth). Variants include <strong>Kevan<\/strong>, from the Irish diminutive version <em>Caoimhe&aacute;n<\/em>, and <strong>Caoimhe<\/strong> (anglicised as Keeva or Kweeva), a feminie version [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kevin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Versions of Kevin in other Celtic languages include <strong>Caomhan<\/strong> in Scottish Gaelic, <strong>Keveen<\/strong> in Manx, and <strong>Cefin<\/strong> in Welsh.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kanis\/*kani-<\/strong> = good, nice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ca&iacute;n<\/strong> [&#712;ka&#720;i&#815;n&#690;] = fine, good, fair, beautiful, lovely<br>\n<strong>ca&iacute;ngn&iacute;m<\/strong> [&#712;ka&#720;i&#815;n&#690;&#611;&#690;n&#690;i&#720;&#7805;] = good deed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ca&iacute;n<\/strong> = fine, good, fair, beautiful, soft, smooth, clement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>caoin<\/strong> [ki&#720;n&#690;] = smooth, delicate, gentle, refined<br>\n<strong>caoinbh&eacute;as<\/strong> = gentle, decent, habit<br>\n<strong>caoinbh&eacute;asach<\/strong> = gentle-mannered, decent<br>\n<strong>caoind&eacute;anta<\/strong> = fine, delicate (<em>feature\/figure<\/em>)<br>\n<strong>caoine<\/strong> = smoothness, gentleness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>caoin<\/strong> [k&#623;&#720;n&#810;&#690;] = kind, mild, pleasant gentle, tender, delightful; dry, seasoned (<em>hay<\/em>)<br>\n<strong>caoin-bheusach<\/strong> = refined<br>\n<strong>feur-caoin<\/strong> = hay<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>keain<\/strong> = sweet-tempered, tender (<em>memory<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cein, kein<\/strong> = fine, fair, beautiful; the first and best liquor brought to the hall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cain<\/strong> [kai&#815;n] = fine, fair, beautiful, bright, excellent, refined<br>\n<strong>cain wybodau, celfau cain<\/strong> = belles lettres, fine arts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>qan, qen, quen<\/strong> = beautiful, brilliant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ken<\/strong> = beautiful, brilliant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown, possibly from a non-Proto-Indo-European language [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/kanis\">source<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &ndash; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for dear, gentle, sweet and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *koimos = dear, nice Gaulish Coemo = name Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) c\u00e1em [ko\u02d0i\u032f\u1e7d] = beloved, dear, fair, lovely, friend, noble ca\u00edme = beauty, loveliness, charity, kindliness Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) c\u00e1em, c\u00e1omh = dear, precious, beloved, belonging to the family; fair, beautiful, lovely c\u00e1emach [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,25,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7213"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7253,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7213\/revisions\/7253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}