{"id":7073,"date":"2023-01-17T17:35:45","date_gmt":"2023-01-17T17:35:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=7073"},"modified":"2023-02-22T14:23:21","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T14:23:21","slug":"scotland","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/01\/17\/scotland\/","title":{"rendered":"Scotland"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>Scotland<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/omniglot\/26041228212\/in\/album-72157606762986559\/\" title=\"Views from Sabhal M\u00f2r Ostaig\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/1495\/26041228212_4c35c9b38d_z.jpg\" alt=\"Views from Sabhal M\u00f2r Ostaig\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*albiy\u016b<\/strong> = luminous world, upper world, world; high mountain, alp; alpine pasture, Britain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>Albiorix<\/strong> = <em>place name<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Albiorica<\/strong> = <em>place name<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Albu<\/strong> [\u02c8albu] = Scotland, Britain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealgcausecause)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Albu<\/strong> = Scotland, Britain<br \/>\n<strong>Albanach<\/strong> = an inhabitant of Albu, Scottish<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Alba<\/strong> [\u02c8al\u02e0\u0259b\u02e0\u0259] = Scotland (<em>dated<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>Albain<\/strong> [\u02c8al\u0259b\u02e0\u0259n\u02b2] = Scotland<br \/>\n<strong>Gaeilge na hAlban<\/strong> = Scottish Gaelic<br \/>\n<strong>Albainis<\/strong> = Scots (language)<br \/>\n<strong>Albanach<\/strong> = Scotsman, Scot, Scottish<br \/>\n<strong>Albain Nua<\/strong> = Nova Scotia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Alba<\/strong> [\u02c8al\u032a\u02e0ab\u0259] = Scotland<br \/>\n<strong>Albannach<\/strong> = Scot, Scotsman, Scottish<br \/>\n<strong>Albinish<\/strong> = Scots (language)<br \/>\n<strong>G\u00e0idhlig (na hAlba)<\/strong> = Scottish Gaelic<br \/>\n<strong>Alba Nuadh<\/strong> = Nova Scotia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Nalbin, Albin, Albey<\/strong> = Scotland<br \/>\n<strong>Albinagh<\/strong> = Scots, Scotch, Scottish<br \/>\n<strong>Albinee<\/strong> = Scottish people<br \/>\n<strong>Albinish<\/strong> = Scots (language)<br \/>\n<strong>Gaelg Albinagh, Gaelg ny Halbey<\/strong> = Scottish Gaelic<br \/>\n<strong>(Yn) Albin Noa, Nalbin Noa<\/strong> = Nova Scotia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*\u0117l\u03b2\u0268\u00f0<\/strong> [e\u031dl\u02c8\u03b2\u0268\u02d0\u00f0] = world<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>elbid<\/strong> [\u02c8elv\u0268\u00f0] = (upper) world, earth, land, country, district<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eluit, eluyt, eluyd<\/strong> = world. earth, land, country, district<br \/>\n<strong>eluyten, eluyden, elvydenn<\/strong> = earth, land, country, region<br \/>\n<strong>Albbu<\/strong> = Scotland<br \/>\n<strong>Albanyeit<\/strong> = Scot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>elfydd<\/strong> = world. earth, land, country, district, neighbourhood; element<br \/>\n<strong>elfydden<\/strong> = earth, land, country, region<br \/>\n<strong>elfyddiaeth<\/strong> = chemistry<br \/>\n<strong>elfyddol&nbsp;<\/strong> = material<br \/>\n<strong>(yr) Alban<\/strong> [\u02c8alban] = Scotland<br \/>\n<strong>Albanaidd<\/strong> = Scottish<br \/>\n<strong>Albaneg<\/strong> = Scots (language), Scottish Gaelic, Pictish<br \/>\n<strong>Albanes<\/strong> = Scottish woman or girl<br \/>\n<strong>Albanwr<\/strong> = Scot (m)<br \/>\n<strong>Alban Newydd<\/strong> = Nova Scotia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Alban<\/strong> = Scotland, Scot (m)<br \/>\n<strong>albanek<\/strong> = Scottish<br \/>\n<strong>Albanes<\/strong> = Scot (f)<br \/>\n<strong>Alban Nowydh<\/strong> = Nova Scotia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>albaneg<\/strong> = Scots (language)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>Albanad, albanat<\/strong> = Scottish<br \/>\n<strong>albaneg, albanek<\/strong> = Scots (language)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2082elb\u02b0\u00f3s<\/em> (white). <strong>Alban<\/strong> in Welsh and Cornish was borrowed from Irish or Scottish Gaelic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/alb%CA%B0%C3%B3s\">Source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root include <strong>Albion<\/strong> (England &#8211; poetic) and <strong>Alps<\/strong> in English, <strong>Albi\u014dn<\/strong> (Britain) in Gallo-Latin, <strong>Alb\u0101nia<\/strong> (Caucasian Albania, Albania, Scotland) in Latin, and words for the Alps in many other languages [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/albiy%C5%AB\">Source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE root include <strong>albino<\/strong> and <strong>elf<\/strong> in English, <strong>albus<\/strong> (white, clear, bright) in Latin, and <strong>alb<\/strong> (white, clean, pure) in Romanian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/alb%CA%B0%C3%B3s\">Source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The country of <strong>Albania<\/strong> got its English name from the Byzantine Greek <em>\u1f08\u03bb\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/em> (Alban\u00eda), which referred to an ancient region and kingdom south of Caucasus mountains, east of Armenia and west of the Caspian Sea, also known as <strong>Caucasian Albania<\/strong>. The Greek name came from the Latin <em>Alb\u0101nus<\/em> (Albania), which refers to Albania, Caucasian Albania or Scotland, and probably came from Proto-Celtic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Albania#English\">Source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Scotland in Breton is <strong>Bro Skos<\/strong> and Nova Scotia is <strong>(Bro-)Skos Nevez<\/strong>. <strong>Bro<\/strong> means country or region, and comes from the Proto-Brythonic <em>*bro\u0263<\/em> (country, region, territory), from the Proto-Celtic <em>*mrogis<\/em> (border, march, region, country, territory, province), from the PIE <em>*mor\u01f5-<\/em> (frontier, border). Cognates in other Celtic languages include <strong>bro<\/strong> (region, country, land, border, limit) in Welsh, and <strong>bro<\/strong> (country, land) in Cornish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/mrogis\">Source<\/a>]. <strong>Skos<\/strong> was probably borrowed from the French <strong>Ecosse<\/strong> (Scotland).<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for Scotland and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *albiy\u016b = luminous world, upper world, world; high mountain, alp; alpine pasture, Britain Gaulish Albiorix = place name Albiorica = place name Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) Albu [\u02c8albu] = Scotland, Britain Middle Irish (Gaoidhealgcausecause) Albu = Scotland, Britain Albanach = an inhabitant of Albu, Scottish Irish [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,25,21,3,36,22,5,37,7,27,10,40,11,12,13,120,23,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-romanian-limba-romana","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7073"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7149,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7073\/revisions\/7149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}