{"id":7057,"date":"2023-01-10T11:40:54","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T11:40:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=7057"},"modified":"2023-11-11T14:31:15","modified_gmt":"2023-11-11T14:31:15","slug":"taking-hold","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2023\/01\/10\/taking-hold\/","title":{"rendered":"Taking Hold"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for to <strong>take<\/strong>, <strong>hold<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mwf2005\/5044652170\/in\/photolist-8FMaky-ajhk9G-KQp23Q-8pnCgF-2zduCB-cpKWhJ-aiPSvz-2ixz2aw-V3c6r5-rLQEbF-2gbeZUt-p4LTwV-2hgohSn-ac9muf-gq1L3m-8rYf2L-fo3fL7-cUNddy-aeQe8W-8pnCiF-8pnChH-gMwona-VFQBiV-kZTeL-8c5qNg-64iHUV-2r6CAA-29NPUw-2h3Gz4d-Hhk1LQ-Mcsar7-2nJbLEj-NtLi1M-2hiz1Rb-2nJgFMC-2nHFWDb-JsYf89-2nHAcBy-28M69vw-2nHGvxD-2nbNTE8-fxX8SX-fycmJS-fxXDPb-2nHEjNZ-V3cLDy-5w5TjR-28uFeaB-H5Pjsa-2nARdUo\" title=\"Breton Dancers\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4084\/5044652170_355d8f6b35_z.jpg\" alt=\"Breton Dancers\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gabyeti<\/strong> = to grab, seize, take, hold<br \/>\n<strong>*gabagl\u0101<\/strong> = taking<br \/>\n<strong>*atigabagl\u0101<\/strong> = distraint (the legal right of a landlord to seize the property of a tenant in the event of nonpayment of rent)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Celtiberian<\/th>\n<td><strong>kabizeti<\/strong> =  (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gabi-<\/strong> = to give (?)<br \/>\n<strong>*gabali<\/strong> = taking, seizure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gaibid<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261av\u02b2i\u00f0\u02b2] = to hold, grasp, take, seize, capture, gain (victory), put on (clothing), recite, declare<br \/>\n<strong>gab\u00e1l<\/strong> = taking<br \/>\n<strong>argaib<\/strong> [ar\u02c8\u0261av\u02b2] = to seize, capture<br \/>\n<strong>athgab\u00e1il<\/strong> = recovery<br \/>\n<strong>congaibid<\/strong> [kon\u02c8\u0261av\u02b2] = to contain, preserve, keep, uphold<br \/>\n<strong>conocaibid<\/strong> [kon\u02c8ho\u0261\u0259v\u02b2] = to raise, rise, uplift, exalt, extol<br \/>\n<strong>fogaibid<\/strong> [fo\u02c8\u0261av\u02b2] = to find, discover, get, gain, obtain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gaibid<\/strong> = to hold, grasp, take, seize, capture, gain (victory), put on (clothing), recite, declare<br \/>\n<strong>gab\u00e1il<\/strong> = taking<br \/>\n<strong>athgab\u00e1il<\/strong> = the process of recovery of debts, etc. by distraint, plunder, booty<br \/>\n<strong>aurgaibid<\/strong> = to seize, capture<br \/>\n<strong>congmaid<\/strong> = to contain, preserve, keep, uphold<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gabh<\/strong> [\u0261av\u02b2\/\u0261o(\u02d0)] = to take, arrest, go, come<br \/>\n<strong>gabh\u00e1il<\/strong> = taking<br \/>\n<strong>aisghabh<\/strong> = to retake, recover possession of<br \/>\n<strong>athghabh\u00e1il<\/strong> = recapture, recovery, re-engagement<br \/>\n<strong>gabh mo leithsc\u00e9al<\/strong> = excuse me<br \/>\n<strong>urghabh<\/strong> = to seize, capture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gabh<\/strong> [gav] = take, go, recite, break (in)<br \/>\n<strong>ath-ghabh<\/strong> = retake, recover, regain, impound<br \/>\n<strong>gabh mo lethsgeul<\/strong> = excuse me, pardon<br \/>\n<strong>gabhail<\/strong> [gahal] = taking, lease, tenure, conquest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gow<\/strong> = to take<br \/>\n<strong>gow my leshtal<\/strong> = excuse me, sorry, I beg your pardon<br \/>\n<strong>goaill<\/strong> = acceptance, affect, apprehend, apprehension, arrest, capture, catch, contraction, engage, seizure, receive, take<br \/>\n<strong>aaghoaill<\/strong> = to recapture, reconquer, re-engage, retake<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gabal-<\/strong> = breadth, side<br \/>\n<strong>*gava\u0263l<\/strong> = to hold, grasp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>gabael<\/strong> = to hold, grasp, grip<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymreac)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gauayleu, gauael<\/strong> = to hold, grasp, grip<br \/>\n<strong>gauaelant, gauaelu, gavailio<\/strong> = to hold tight, take hold, clutch<br \/>\n<strong>adauael, adafael<\/strong> = distraint (in law), distress, pledge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gafael<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261ava\u0268\u032fl\/\u02c8\u0261a\u02d0vai\u032fl] = to hold, grasp, grip<br \/>\n<strong>gafaeladwy<\/strong> = available<br \/>\n<strong>gafaelaf, gafaelio<\/strong> = to hold tight, take hold, clutch, grip, arrest, grapple, snatch, seize<br \/>\n<strong>gafaeliad<\/strong> = a holding, hold, grasp, capture, attachment, comprehension, adherence, spasm<br \/>\n<strong>adafael<\/strong> = distraint (in law), distress, pledge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gaval<\/strong> = to hold, lay hold of, grasp, have<br \/>\n<strong>gavel<\/strong> = a hold, a grasp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gavel<\/strong> = capacity, grasp<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>gabael<\/strong> = to hold (?)<br \/>\n<strong>adgabael<\/strong> = to recover (?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*g\u02b0eh\u2081b\u02b0-<\/em> (to grab, take) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/gabyeti\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>The Spanish word <strong>gavilla<\/strong> (sheaf, gang, band) comes from the same Proto-Celtic root, via the Late Latin <em>gabella<\/em> and the Gaulish <em>*gabali<\/em> (taking, seizure) [<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/gavilla\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE roots include <strong>able<\/strong>, <strong>debt<\/strong>, <strong>debit<\/strong>, <strong>doubt<\/strong> and <strong>habit<\/strong> in English, <strong>avere<\/strong> (to have) in Italian, <strong>avoir<\/strong> (to have) in French, and <strong>haber<\/strong> (to hold, possess) in Spanish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/g%CA%B0eh%E2%82%81b%CA%B0-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for to take, hold and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *gabyeti = to grab, seize, take, hold *gabagl\u0101 = taking *atigabagl\u0101 = distraint (the legal right of a landlord to seize the property of a tenant in the event of nonpayment of rent) Celtiberian kabizeti = (?) Gaulish *gabi- = to give (?) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,17,26,19,20,44,25,21,83,3,22,6,37,7,27,8,10,40,11,12,13,23,82,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-celtiberian","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7057","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7057"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7057\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7708,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7057\/revisions\/7708"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7057"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7057"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7057"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}