{"id":6713,"date":"2022-07-19T13:44:44","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T12:44:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6713"},"modified":"2023-12-09T15:07:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-09T15:07:37","slug":"rotten-fragrance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/07\/19\/rotten-fragrance\/","title":{"rendered":"Rotten Fragrance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for <strong>rotten<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/lepimento\/3032112974\/in\/photolist-5BWnxU-2kTTYJn-o5DoY-iNoqN-naXKB-y8Fre-2PwYK2-2PBqBf-2kTLVVC-5fvpD-4HX1Fv-7vUho6-2hctRTw-ieHWv-2kTTYxF-4Sm8g-2hKGimv-mx8Ko-3aMwvg-3aMGoa-nksevH-2giijkd-xZmN2R-5f5Rt-3aMEWV-nUeV8M-zkNfUE-3aSd75-6jqMsv-nnb3m-74S2xH-7ghDBq-3aME6D-2jGBWg5-HHGn3B-84Y1qm-2jYCdjG-21KgroE-61gXs5-rUZETc-VcJqGz-56kpyt-TMqFQ1-2j8kFdj-56pyLw-4HWdJx-2jQPrea-7UTVHH-7zHsTJ-7UXbvq\" title=\"Rotten wood\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3251\/3032112974_cf607e9ff5_z.jpg\" alt=\"Rotten wood\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*bragnos<\/strong> = rotten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>brennos<\/strong> = rotten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>br\u00e9n<\/strong> [b\u02b2r\u02b2e\u02d0n] = foul, putrid, rotten, stinking<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>br\u00e9an<\/strong> [b\u02b2\u027e\u02b2i\u02d0a\u032fn\u02e0 \/ b\u02b2\u027e\u02b2e\u02d0n\u02e0] = foul, putrid, rotten; to pollute, putrefy<br \/>\n<strong>br\u00e9anlach<\/strong> = filthy place, cesspool<br \/>\n<strong>br\u00e9an\u00f3g<\/strong> = refuse heap<br \/>\n<strong>br\u00e9antach\u00e1n<\/strong> = stinker<br \/>\n<strong>br\u00e9antas<\/strong> = rottenness, stench, filth<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>breun<\/strong> [br\u02b2e\u02d0n] = foetid, putrid, disgusting, filthy, nasty, stinking<br \/>\n<strong>breunlach<\/strong> = sinking bog<br \/>\n<strong>breunachd<\/strong> = corruption, rottenness<br \/>\n<strong>breunan<\/strong> = dunghill, dirty person, dirty\/smelly object, crabbit\/grumpy person, grouch<br \/>\n<strong>breunad<\/strong> = degree of foetidness\/putridness, degree of disgustingness\/filthiness\/nastiness, degree of stink<br \/>\n<strong>breuntas<\/strong> = stench, stink, putrefaction, putridness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>breinn<\/strong> = foetid, loathsome, malodorous, nasty, offensive, pestilential, putrid, rancid, rotten, smelly, stinking<br \/>\n<strong>breinnaghey<\/strong> = to become smelly, putrefy, taint, stink<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*bra\u0268n<\/strong> = foul, stinking putrid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brean<\/strong> = rotten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>braen<\/strong> [bra\u02d0\u0268\u032fn \/ brai\u032fn] = rotten, putrid, corrupt, mouldy, withered, fragile; rot, putrefaction, corruption, decay<br \/>\n<strong>braen(i)ad<\/strong> = rotting, decomposition, rottenness, putridness<br \/>\n<strong>braenu<\/strong> = to rot, putrefy, make\/become corrupt, become mouldy<br \/>\n<strong>braenedig<\/strong> = rotten, putrefied, corrupt, festering, gangrenous, mouldy, wounded<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>breyn<\/strong> = putrid, rotten<br \/>\n<strong>breyna<\/strong> = to decay, rot<br \/>\n<strong>breynans<\/strong> = decay<br \/>\n<strong>breynder<\/strong> = rot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>brein<\/strong> = rotten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>brein<\/strong> [\u02c8br\u025b\u0303jn] = rotten, uncultivated (land)<br \/>\n<strong>breinadur<\/strong> = corruption<br \/>\n<strong>breina\u00f1, breini\u00f1<\/strong> = to rot, decay<br \/>\n<strong>breinidigezh<\/strong> = putrefaction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*b\u02b0reHg-<\/em> (to smell, have a strong odour) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/bragnos\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same PIE root include <strong>flair<\/strong>, <strong>fragrant<\/strong>, and <strong>bray<\/strong> in English, and <strong>\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (to be fastidious\/squeamish, to disdain) in Russian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/b%CA%B0reHg-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Gaulish word <strong>brennos<\/strong> was borrowed into Vulgar Latin and ended up as <strong>berner<\/strong> (to trick, fool, hoodwink) in French, via the Old French <em>bren<\/em> (bran, filth, excrement). The English word <strong>bran<\/strong> comes from the same Gaulish root, via the Middle English <em>bran(ne) \/ bren<\/em> and the Old French <em>bren<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/bran#English\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Galician word <strong>bra\u00f1a<\/strong> (mire, bog, marsh, moorland) and the Asturian word <strong>bra\u00f1a<\/strong> (pasture, meadowland) are thought to come from the Proto-Celtic <em>*bragnos<\/em>, possibly via Celtiberian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/bra%C3%B1a#Galician\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for rotten and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *bragnos = rotten Gaulish brennos = rotten Old Irish (Gaoidhealg) br\u00e9n [b\u02b2r\u02b2e\u02d0n] = foul, putrid, rotten, stinking Irish (Gaeilge) br\u00e9an [b\u02b2\u027e\u02b2i\u02d0a\u032fn\u02e0 \/ b\u02b2\u027e\u02b2e\u02d0n\u02e0] = foul, putrid, rotten; to pollute, putrefy br\u00e9anlach = filthy place, cesspool br\u00e9an\u00f3g = refuse heap br\u00e9antach\u00e1n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,125,16,17,26,19,20,44,24,25,21,3,22,5,77,7,27,78,10,11,12,13,106,23,43,98,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-asturian-asturianu","category-breton","category-celtiberian","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-galician","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-english-englisch","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-french-franceis","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-russian-","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-vulgar-latin-sermo-vulgaris","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6713"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7767,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6713\/revisions\/7767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}