{"id":6704,"date":"2022-07-12T16:28:41","date_gmt":"2022-07-12T15:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6704"},"modified":"2024-04-27T14:41:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-27T13:41:16","slug":"brushes-and-broom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/07\/12\/brushes-and-broom\/","title":{"rendered":"Brushes and Broom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for <strong>brush<\/strong>, <strong>broom<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/webethere\/5380325277\/in\/photolist-9crzfV-4LbnEG-2mFrwwT-2nfcrBU-2mGhVfw-VL7b-2j6a9f2-b6ftTP-5WJmzq-8WX5-kaCTB-fJe2p5-dKyF3K-5wUv3R-42GdNg-eRd1j8-aFBjyi-571B1q-2nkSxhN-4X3s2q-4UCNqc-bVG35-6dhY3H-2mGChhB-2bQZSKg-rzBT9-2kJemv8-EAGfJ4-2kRDR6Y-2m3EyFZ-2jjVT47-2iWn72w-2m54tZz-2mVYA3z-2kEGocH-2g6BoaF-7Wu9tp-2gnNmC3-zhtuW8-4E3rwy-fHWtSM-eESUnX-fsqwQn-4C75iJ-4neXTE-5yBLcR-nyhWy6-5JM8Pu-4PFE7L-uWuADP\" title=\"brooms\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5086\/5380325277_3033eaf4b9_z.jpg\" alt=\"brooms\" width=\"640\" height=\"278\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sc\u00faap<\/strong> [sku\u0259\u032fb] = brush, broom, sheaf, bundle<br \/>\n<strong>sc\u00faapad<\/strong> = act of sweeping<br \/>\n<strong>sc\u00faapaire<\/strong> = sweeper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scuab<\/strong> [s\u02e0ku\u0259b\u02e0] = besom, broom; brush; sheaf, armful, bundle; to sweep<br \/>\n<strong>scuabach<\/strong> = sweeping, flowing; gusty<br \/>\n<strong>scuabach\u00e1n<\/strong> = sweeping, sweepings<br \/>\n<strong>scuabadh<\/strong> = to sweep, wash<br \/>\n<strong>scuabad\u00f3ir<\/strong> = sweeper<br \/>\n<strong>scuab\u00e1n<\/strong> = little besom, little brush, little sheaf, armful, bundle<br \/>\n<strong>scuab fiacla<\/strong> = toothbrush<br \/>\n<strong>scuab ghruaige<\/strong> = hairbrush<br \/>\n<strong>scuab ingne<\/strong> = nailbrush<br \/>\n<strong>scuab ph\u00e9inte<\/strong> = paintbrush<br \/>\n<strong>sreangscuab<\/strong> = wire brush<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sguab<\/strong> [sgu\u0259b] = broom, besom, brush, sheaf<br \/>\n<strong>sguabte<\/strong> = brushed, swept<br \/>\n<strong>sguabanta<\/strong> = tidy, trim, clean<br \/>\n<strong>sguabadh<\/strong> = brushing, sweeping<br \/>\n<strong>sguabachan<\/strong> = brush<br \/>\n<strong>sguabag<\/strong> = gusty, wind, whisk, sheaf (of corn)<br \/>\n<strong>sguabadair<\/strong> = vacuum cleaner<br \/>\n<strong>sguabair<\/strong> = sweeper<br \/>\n<strong>sguab-aodaich<\/strong> = clothes brush<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skeab<\/strong> = besom, broom<br \/>\n<strong>skeabey<\/strong> = brush, brushing, brush over, brush up, sweep, sweeping<br \/>\n<strong>skeabit<\/strong> = brushed, swept<br \/>\n<strong>skeaban daah, skeaban-slaa<\/strong> = paintbrush<br \/>\n<strong>skeaban feeackle<\/strong> = toothbrush<br \/>\n<strong>skeaban folt\/fuilt<\/strong> = hairbrush<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*\u0268sk\u0289b<\/strong> = brush, broom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>escup, yscub, ysgub<\/strong> = brush, broom<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ysgub<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0259s\u0261\u0268\u031eb \/ \u02c8\u0259s\u0261\u026ab] = sheaf, wheatsheaf, bundle; brush, broom, besom, quiver of arrows<br \/>\n<strong>ysgubell<\/strong> = brush, broom, besom, mop, bunch (of flowers)<br \/>\n<strong>ysgubo<\/strong> = to brush, sweep (away), make into sheaves<br \/>\n<strong>ysgubol<\/strong> = sweeping<br \/>\n<strong>ysgubwr<\/strong> = sweeper, sweep<br \/>\n<strong>ysgub blu<\/strong> = feather duster<br \/>\n<strong>priodas (coes) ysgub<\/strong> = informal wedding in which the parties jump over a broomstick in the presence of witnesses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>scibia<\/strong> = to sweep, brush<br \/>\n<strong>sciber<\/strong> = barn, any large room<br \/>\n<strong>scubilen<\/strong> = whip, scourge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skub<\/strong> = sweeping<br \/>\n<strong>skubell, skubyllen<\/strong> = broom, brush<br \/>\n<strong>skubellik<\/strong> = paintbrush<br \/>\n<strong>skubell sugna<\/strong> = vacuum cleaner<br \/>\n<strong>skubell-wolghi<\/strong> = mop<br \/>\n<strong>skuber, skubores<\/strong> = sweeper<br \/>\n<strong>skubus<\/strong> = sweeping<br \/>\n<strong>skubya<\/strong> = to brush, sweep<br \/>\n<strong>skubyllen dhes<\/strong> = toothbrush<br \/>\n<strong>skubyon<\/strong> = refuse, sweepings<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skub<\/strong> [\u02c8sky\u02d0p] = broom, brush, blade; sweep<br \/>\n<strong>skubell<\/strong> = broom, brush, blade; sweep<br \/>\n<strong>skubell-vroust(a\u00f1)<\/strong> = scrubbing brush<br \/>\n<strong>skuberez<\/strong> = sweeper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Latin <em>sc\u014dpa<\/em> (broom) Proto-Indo-European <em>*skeh\u2082p-<\/em> (to prop) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/scopa#Latin\">source<\/a>]. Words from the same Latin root include <strong>scopa<\/strong> (broom) in Italian, <strong>escoba<\/strong> (broom) in Spanish, and <strong>shqop\u00eb<\/strong> (heather, heath, briar) in Albanian [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/scopa#Latin\">source<\/a>]..<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/33465428@N02\/8972596633\/in\/photolist-eESUnX-GZDEhX-23aA4qE-2Vzcbf-qJ4svM-JvjuLM-G4czjM-c74kVw-njizck-feQ9W-cgE4ns-6732mC-6qNRkk-4MLD3W-JowXLn-KuT5UZ-oB2sjj-oMSRvQ-2eFcB-5X3E3Z-2u5YZ2-dJveoP-7pVzd9-DkvXrZ-R51Jk5-kSjjvy-7AHJbH-5pXky4-9G61kg-5z8Yw-693aAH-4Piiwv-nfPuFZ-9YJTss-HdUmkr-38wTd-orDhEd-DyEfu-cPGw2-deh5aK-7PumKm-ekj57u-Q4BP-G9jz3G-yb2L8-nmoZKy-6zAhW6-bVG35-9wz6de-3b6m1w\" title=\"Broom\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5349\/8972596633_71e00df8ec_z.jpg\" alt=\"Broom\" width=\"640\" height=\"491\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*banatlo-<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*balano-<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Celtiberian<\/th>\n<td><strong>*b\u00e1lago-, *b\u00e1laco-<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>bealaidh<\/strong> [b\u025bl\u032a\u02e0\u026an] = broom (shrub)<br \/>\n<strong>bealaidh-Frangach, bealaidh-Sasannach<\/strong> = laburnum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*banatlo-<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>banadil, banadyl, banadl<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>banadl, banal<\/strong> [\u02c8banadl] = broom (shrub)<br \/>\n<strong>banadl Ffrainc<\/strong> = laburnum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>banathel<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>banal<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>banadhel<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton (Brethonoc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>balan<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>balain, balazn<\/strong> = broom (shrub)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>balan<\/strong> [\u02c8b\u0251\u02d0l\u00e3n] = broom (shrub)<br \/>\n<strong>balaneg<\/strong> [b\u00e3.\u02c8n\u0251\u02d0.lek] = broom grove<br \/>\n<strong>balaenn<\/strong> [ba\u02c8l\u0251\u02d0\u025bn] = broom, brush<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>According to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ceantar.org\/Dicts\/MB2\/mb03.html\">An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language<\/a> by Alexander MacBain (1982), there is a cognate in Irish: <strong>beally\/i<\/strong>, however it doesn&#8217;t appear in any of the Irish dictionaries I&#8217;ve checked.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*b\u02b0enH-tlom<\/em> (way, path)  in the sense of \u201ccleared path (in a wood)\u201d [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/banatlom\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The French word <strong>balai<\/strong> (broom, broomstick, brush) comes from the Gaulish <em>*balano-<\/em>, via Old French, Middle Breton and Old Breton [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/balai#French\">source<\/a>].  The Spanish word <strong>b\u00e1lago<\/strong> (straw, Spanish broom), comes from the same Gaulish root, via the Celtiberian <em>*b\u00e1lago-\/*b\u00e1laco-<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/b%C3%A1lago\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words same PIE roots possibly include <strong>bana<\/strong> (course, path, trajectory) in Swedish, <strong>baan<\/strong> (road, path, track, job, orbit) in Dutch, and <strong>Bahn<\/strong> (route, trail, railway)in German [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic\/ban%C5%8D\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The shrub known as broom in Britain and Ireland is also known as common broom or Scotch broom, or <em>Cytisus scoparius<\/em> in Latin. It is a deciduous leguminous shrub native to western and Central Europe. Broom can also refer to similar plants, such as French broom and Spanish broom  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cytisus_scoparius\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Twigs from the broom, and from other plants, can be tied to a stout stick and used to sweep things. Such implements are traditionally known as <strong>besoms<\/strong> or <strong>broom besoms<\/strong>, and became known simply as <strong>brooms<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Besom\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/my.kualo.com\/uk\/go\/00572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.kualo.com\/rewards\/uk-unlimited2-468x60.gif\" width=\"468\" height=\"60\" border=\"0\"\nalt=\"Unlimited Web Hosting - Kualo\"\/><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for brush, broom and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) sc\u00faap [sku\u0259\u032fb] = brush, broom, sheaf, bundle sc\u00faapad = act of sweeping sc\u00faapaire = sweeper Irish (Gaeilge) scuab [s\u02e0ku\u0259b\u02e0] = besom, broom; brush; sheaf, armful, bundle; to sweep scuabach = [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,66,16,26,19,20,44,25,21,83,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,78,10,11,12,13,23,82,72,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-albanian","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-french-franceis","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-trees","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6704","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6704"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6704\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8134,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6704\/revisions\/8134"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}