{"id":6696,"date":"2022-07-06T17:11:54","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T16:11:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6696"},"modified":"2022-07-06T17:11:55","modified_gmt":"2022-07-06T16:11:55","slug":"waterfalls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/07\/06\/waterfalls\/","title":{"rendered":"Waterfalls"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for <strong>waterfall<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/8087430@N04\/51434107059\/in\/photolist-2mn4f6i-2m3W2Yi-2m3Ribg-2kZajos-2kRL8oz-2kJ4eYc-2kJ4f1G-2kJ4fa4-2kJ4f7U-2kJ4f3R-2kGEzFz-2kQaQPx-2kQbjHp-2kQbjDX-2kWs2q4-2kWaUU7-2kWfnQf-29B9QRo-2cnL53K-28FDkfF-28YcoKq-28Yd8Dm-27iRH9m-28FDuda-MWdDNf-LiKRpZ-28FDA4i-27iRKjo-MWdYRL-29Zr3BL-MWdWZj-29Zr6gd-28YcXoG-28Yd6U9-27iRyyL-27iRBNw-28FDnsB-LiKJMa-27iRD6m-LiKKcP-28nAuQo-27msw5Q-27msyZ7-YxiJif-X2Cfzo-XpohJF-WkJUi1-KS5Rja-F7gYqh-Foama9\" title=\"IMGR8167-ed\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/51434107059_3fbf0452ec_z.jpg\" alt=\"IMGR8167-ed\" width=\"640\" height=\"426\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*riyatros<\/strong> = waterfall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>r\u00edathor<\/strong> = torrent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>riathar<\/strong> = torrent (<em>literary<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>r\u00e9\u00e1tir<\/strong> = torrent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>raeadyr, raiader, rhaiadr<\/strong> = cataract, waterfall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>rhaeadr<\/strong> [\u02c8r\u0325\u02b0e\u0268\u032f.adr\u0329 \/ \u02c8r\u0325\u02b0ei\u032f.adr\u0329] = waterfall, cataract, cascade, torrent<br \/>\n<strong>rhaeadru<\/strong> = to fall or pour in a cascade or waterfall, fall steeply, gush, flow, stream<br \/>\n<strong>rhaeadraidd <\/strong> = like a waterfall<br \/>\n<strong>rhaeadriad<\/strong> = the act of falling or flowing like a waterfall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h\u2083reiH-<\/em> (to flow) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/rhaeadr\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ess<\/strong> = rapids, waterfall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eas<\/strong> = waterfall, cascade, cataract; swift current, rapid<br \/>\n<strong>easach<\/strong> = having, abounding in waterfalls, cascading<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eas<\/strong> [es] = waterfall, cataract, cascade<br \/>\n<strong>easach<\/strong> [es\u0259x] = abounding in waterfalls<br \/>\n<strong>easachan<\/strong> [es\u0259xan] = small waterfall<br \/>\n<strong>easan<\/strong> [esan] = small waterfall; thin gruel<br \/>\n<strong>easgraich<\/strong> [esgr\u026a\u00e7] = torrent<br \/>\n<strong>easraich<\/strong> [esr\u026a\u00e7] = plunge pool, waterfall lake; bustle, commotion<br \/>\n<strong>eas muilinn<\/strong> = mill-race<br \/>\n<strong>con-eas<\/strong> = multiple waterfalls<br \/>\n<strong>poll-easa<\/strong> = plunge pool<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>eas<\/strong> = cascade, cataract, chute, shoot, waterfall<br \/>\n<strong>easan<\/strong> = small waterfall, small cataract<br \/>\n<strong>mwyllin roie&#8217;n eas<\/strong> = water mill<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/eas#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ysgwt, ysgwd, ysg\u0175d<\/strong> = waterfall, cataract, cascade<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sgwd<\/strong> [sku\u02d0d] = waterfall, cataract, cascade, chute, millstream, mill-race, sluice, floodgate (<em>South Wales<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown [<a href=\"https:\/\/welsh-dictionary.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html?sgwd\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pistill<\/strong> = waterfall, cataract, cascade<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pistyll<\/strong> = waterfall, cataract, cascade, chute, millstream, mill-race, sluice, floodgate (<em>South Wales<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>pistyll yr ysgyfaint<\/strong> = trachea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>pistyl<\/strong> = little waterfall<br \/>\n<strong>pistylla<\/strong> = to spout<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: possibly from the Latin <em>pistillum<\/em> (pestle), which is also the root of the English word <strong>pestle<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/welsh-dictionary.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html?pistyll\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dowrlam<\/strong> = waterfall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lamm-dour<\/strong> = waterfall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from <strong>dowr \/ dour<\/strong> (water) and <strong>lam \/ lamm<\/strong> (leap).<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for waterfall and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *riyatros = waterfall Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) r\u00edathor = torrent Irish (Gaeilge) riathar = torrent (literary) Old Welsh r\u00e9\u00e1tir = torrent Middle Welsh (Kymraec) raeadyr, raiader, rhaiadr = cataract, waterfall Welsh (Cymraeg) rhaeadr [\u02c8r\u0325\u02b0e\u0268\u032f.adr\u0329 \/ \u02c8r\u0325\u02b0ei\u032f.adr\u0329] = waterfall, cataract, cascade, torrent [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,22,27,10,40,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6696"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6696\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6700,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6696\/revisions\/6700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}