{"id":6676,"date":"2022-06-16T14:56:58","date_gmt":"2022-06-16T13:56:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6676"},"modified":"2022-06-16T14:56:59","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T13:56:59","slug":"second-others","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/06\/16\/second-others\/","title":{"rendered":"Second Others"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today we’re looking at the words for second<\/strong> or other<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n

\"Second,<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n*alyos<\/strong> [\u02c8al.jos] = other, second<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leptonic<\/th>\n\ud800\udf00\ud800\udf0b\ud800\udf09\ud800\udf0f\ud800\udf14 (alios)<\/strong> = second, other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gaulish<\/th>\nallos, alos<\/strong> = second, other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\naile<\/strong> = other, second
\nindala<\/strong> [in\u0348\u02c8dala] = other (of two)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\naile, oile, eile<\/strong> = other, second, another
\nindala<\/strong> = one (of two), less often, the other, later, the second<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\neile<\/strong> [\u02c8\u025bl\u02b2\u0259] = other, another, next, more, else
\ndara<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u032a\u02e0\u0251\u027e\u02e0\u0259 \/ \u02c8d\u032a\u02e0a\u027e\u02e0\u0259] = second (2\u207f\u1d48), next, other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\neile<\/strong> [el\u0259] = other, another, else
\neileadh<\/strong> [el\u0259\u0263] = other
\neilich<\/strong> [el\u026a\u00e7] = alienate
\neileachadh<\/strong> = (act of) alienating, alienation, othering
\ndala<\/strong> [dal\u032a\u02e0\u0259] = second (2\u207f\u1d48)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\nelley<\/strong> = other, else, another, additional, alternative
\nderrey<\/strong> = second in command, till, pending
\nyn derrey<\/strong> = second (2\u207f\u1d48)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n*\u0117l<\/strong> [\u02c8e\u031d\u02d0l\u02d1] = second, other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\nail, eil, eyl<\/strong> = second, other<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\nail<\/strong> [ai\u032fl] = second, like, similar, equivalent, equal; son, grandson, heir, descendant; helper, supporter
\nailgylchu<\/strong> = to recycle
\neilaidd<\/strong> = secondary
\neilfed<\/strong> = second (number<\/em>)
\neilaid<\/strong> = second (of time<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Cornish<\/th>\neil<\/strong> = second, another<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\neyl<\/strong> = one of two, second
\neyla<\/strong> = to second
\neylafinans<\/strong> = refurbishment
\neylgelghya<\/strong> = to recycle
\neylskrifa<\/strong> = to copy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Breton)<\/th>\neil<\/strong> = second<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\neil<\/strong> [\u02c8\u025bjl] = second
\neilvet<\/strong> = second (number<\/em>)
\neilad<\/strong> = second, copy, reproduction
\neila\u00f1<\/strong> = to accompany, copy
\neiladi\u00f1<\/strong> = to duplicate
\neiladuri\u00f1<\/strong> = to reproduce, reproduction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n

Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European *h\u2082\u00e9lyos<\/em> (other, another), from *h\u2082el-<\/em> (beyond, other) [source<\/a>]. The Old Irish word indala<\/em>, which is the root of the Irish dara<\/strong>, the Scottish Gaelic dala<\/strong> and the Manx derrey<\/strong>, comes from the Old Irish ind<\/em> (the) and aile<\/em> (second) [source<\/a>]..<\/p>\n

Some words from the same PIE roots include else<\/strong>, all<\/strong> and ultra<\/strong> in English, al<\/strong> (all, all of) in Dutch, eller<\/strong> (else, otherwise) in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, and \u0561\u0575\u056c<\/strong> (ayl – another, other) in Armenian [source<\/a>].<\/p>\n

Sources: Wiktionary<\/a>, Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, Teanglann.ie<\/a>, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English – Old Irish glossary<\/a>, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, TermOfis<\/a>, Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, Geriafurch<\/a>, English – ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

\"The<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today we’re looking at the words for second or other and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *alyos [\u02c8al.jos] = other, second Leptonic \ud800\udf00\ud800\udf0b\ud800\udf09\ud800\udf0f\ud800\udf14 (alios) = second, other Gaulish allos, alos = second, other Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) aile = other, second indala [in\u0348\u02c8dala] = other (of two) Middle Irish (Go\u00eddelc) aile, oile, eile = other, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,114,16,26,63,81,19,20,25,21,3,4,22,5,6,37,7,113,27,10,11,12,13,23,64,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-armenian-","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-danish-dansk","category-dutch-nederlands","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-leptonic","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-norwegian-norsk","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-swedish-svenska","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6676"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6678,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6676\/revisions\/6678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}