{"id":6530,"date":"2022-04-22T13:27:05","date_gmt":"2022-04-22T12:27:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6530"},"modified":"2023-11-26T18:19:33","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T18:19:33","slug":"sisters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/04\/22\/sisters\/","title":{"rendered":"Sisters"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&rsquo;re looking at the words for <strong>sister<\/strong> and related people in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/crazycups\/2702148695\/in\/photolist-57MdEB-v5r1B-hBt6d-5qFv9A-jSxXT-4vnTez-6rDCDU-FTBJn-8Mdm2W-8jc2Ys-LUtoCj-2ksKYDz-8snjTt-2j9dFAp-4GXpMg-2ZrFmK-dZG8GY-ksUbU-2ksKYTY-2MRy6U-ecNtF-7v66f5-u8ovF-Gvq4XU-57RqLL-4KYJdA-527Gj-oMJGSt-2kSA8RF-5uT8c8-REQJAk-JZZ6k-jxP7j-P4txq-2n4SMsk-JTDhek-Hubm-2g2XwtP-5k132a-cSotf-55zsHb-4khSD1-yBev-N9c7x-zikDS1-7YDsPV-dH1Xu-dQiPAB-7K8HQ-2i2NWhm\" title=\"Sisters\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3264\/2702148695_16d5835e18_z.jpg\" alt=\"Sisters\" width=\"640\" height=\"482\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*swes&#363;r<\/strong> [&#712;swe.su&#720;r] = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>suiorebe<\/strong> = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>siur<\/strong> = sister, kinswoman, female relation<br>\n<strong>derb&#7777;iur<\/strong> [&#712;d&#690;er&#690;v&#690;.f&#690;i.ur] = sister (<em>by blood \/ in a religious community<\/em>)<br>\n<strong>sinser&#7777;iur<\/strong> [&#712;s&#690;ins&#690;er&#716;hi.ur] = elder sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>siur<\/strong> = sister, kinswoman, female relation<br>\n<strong>derbsiur<\/strong> = sister (<em>by blood \/ in a religious community<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>si&uacute;r<\/strong> [&#643;u&#720;&#638;&#736;] = sister, kinswoman; Sister (<em>member of a religious community<\/em>); (nursing) sister<br>\n<strong>deirfi&uacute;r<\/strong> = sister<br>\n<strong>deirfi&uacute;r athar<\/strong> = paternal aunt<br>\n<strong>deirfi&uacute;r m&aacute;thar<\/strong> = maternal aunt<br>\n<strong>deirfi&uacute;r c&eacute;ile<\/strong> = sister-in-law<br>\n<strong>leathch&uacute;pla deirf&eacute;ar<\/strong> = twin sister<br>\n<strong>in&iacute;on deirf&eacute;ar<\/strong> = brother&rsquo;s son, niece<br>\n<strong>mac deirf&eacute;ar<\/strong> = sister&rsquo;s son, nephew<br>\n<strong>deirf&eacute;ar<\/strong> = sisterly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>si&ugrave;ir<\/strong> [&#643;u&#720;r&#690;] = sister (<em>archaic<\/em>)<br>\n<strong>piuthar<\/strong> [pju.&#601;] = sister<br>\n<strong>pi&ugrave;thrag<\/strong> [pju&#720;rag] = little sister, sis<br>\n<strong>piutharail<\/strong> [pju.&#601;ral] = sisterly<br>\n<strong>peathrachas<\/strong> [p&#603;r&#601;x&#601;s] = sisterhood, soroity<br>\n<strong>piuthar-ch&egrave;ile<\/strong> = sister-in-law<br>\n<strong>piuthar leth-aon<\/strong> = twin sister<br>\n<strong>piuthar-altraim<\/strong> = foster-sister<br>\n<strong>piuthar-athar<\/strong> = paternal aunt<br>\n<strong>piuthar-m&agrave;thar<\/strong> = maternal aunt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>shuyr<\/strong> [&#643;u&#720;r] = sister<br>\n<strong>shayragh, shuyroil<\/strong> = sisterly<br>\n<strong>shuyrys<\/strong> = sisterhood<br>\n<strong>shuyr (v)ayrey<\/strong> = aunt<br>\n<strong> shuyr gholtit<\/strong> = foster-sister<br>\n<strong>shuyr lannoonagh<\/strong> = twin sister<br>\n<strong>shuyr &lsquo;sy leigh<\/strong> = sister-in-law<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*hwehir<\/strong> = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>chwaer<\/strong> = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>chwaer<\/strong> [&chi;wa&#720;&#616;&#815;r \/ &chi;wai&#815;r] = sister, half-sister, female mate or partner; maiden, sweetheart, mistress; nun, sister (in hospital)<br>\n<strong>chwaer efell<\/strong> = twin sister<br>\n<strong>chwaer faeth<\/strong> = foster sister<br>\n<strong>chwaer fedydd<\/strong> = god-sister<br>\n<strong>chwaer yng nghyfraith<\/strong> = sister-in-law<br>\n<strong>hanner chwaer<\/strong> = half-sister, step-sister<br>\n<strong>chwaerol<\/strong> = sisterly<br>\n<strong>chwaeroliaeth<\/strong> = sisterhood<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>huir<\/strong> = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hoer, huir, wuir, h&ocirc;r<\/strong> = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernwek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>hwor<\/strong> = sister<br>\n<strong>hanter-hwor<\/strong> = half-sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>guoer<\/strong> = sister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>hoar, choar<\/strong> = sister (female sibling, nun)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>c&rsquo;hoar<\/strong> = sister<br>\n<strong>c&rsquo;hoarig<\/strong> = sis, little sister; twin sister<br>\n<strong>c&rsquo;hoarelezh<\/strong> = sisterhood<br>\n<strong>c&rsquo;hoar-gaer, c&rsquo;hoareg<\/strong> = sister-in-law, stepsister<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*sw&eacute;s&#333;r<\/em> (sister) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/swes%C5%ABr\">source<\/a>]. Words for sister in many Indo-European languages come from the same roots [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/sw%C3%A9s%C5%8Dr\">source<\/a>]. <\/p>\n<p>Here&rsquo;s a traditional Scottish Gaelic song about sisters &ndash; A&rsquo; phiuthrag &rsquo;sa phiuthar<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fn0LHiKaBJY\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.japanesepod101.com\/member\/go.php?r=759259&amp;i=b0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/images\/banners\/banner_japanesepod.jpg\" alt=\"The Fastest Way to Learn Japanese Guaranteed with JapanesePod101.com\" width=\"630\" height=\"83\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for sister and related people in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *swes\u016br [\u02c8swe.su\u02d0r] = sister Gaulish suiorebe = sister Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) siur = sister, kinswoman, female relation derb\u1e61iur [\u02c8d\u02b2er\u02b2v\u02b2.f\u02b2i.ur] = sister (by blood \/ in a religious community) sinser\u1e61iur [\u02c8s\u02b2ins\u02b2er\u02cchi.ur] = elder sister [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,108,25,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,9,10,11,12,13,23,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-family","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6530","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6530"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6530\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7748,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6530\/revisions\/7748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6530"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6530"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6530"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}