{"id":6489,"date":"2022-04-02T14:46:14","date_gmt":"2022-04-02T13:46:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6489"},"modified":"2022-04-02T14:52:03","modified_gmt":"2022-04-02T13:52:03","slug":"knotty-bulges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/04\/02\/knotty-bulges\/","title":{"rendered":"Knotty Bulges"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today we’re looking at the words for knots<\/strong>, bulges<\/strong>, and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n

\"Knot<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n*odbos<\/strong> = knot, bulge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\nodb<\/strong> [o\u00f0b] = knot (in a wood); lump, swelling, protuberance; difficulty, problem
\nodbach<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\nfodb, fobd<\/strong> = knot (in a wood); lump, swelling, protuberance; difficulty, problem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\nfadhb<\/strong> [f\u02e0\u0259ib\u02e0] = knot (in a wood); callosity; lump (from blow); lumpy object; knotty problem, poser
\nfadhbach<\/strong> = knotty, callous, lumpy; problematical, puzzling
\nfadhbairne<\/strong> = lumpy object
\nfadhb\u00e1n<\/strong> = (small) knot, lump
\nfadhb\u00f3g<\/strong> = (small) lump, whopping lie<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\nfaob<\/strong> [f\u026f\u02d0b] = lump, knob, knot (in wood)
\nfaobach<\/strong> [f\u026f\u02d0b\u0259x] = lumpy, knotty<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\nuddan<\/strong> = lump, node, knob<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\noddf<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0254\u00f0v] = hard swelling or growth, hump, knob (on horn), gall, burl, knot (in wood), tuber, bulb, knob, lump, node
\noddfog<\/strong> = knobby, bulbous, tuberous, having a hump
\noddfynnog<\/strong> = bulbous, tubercular, tuberous<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Etymology<\/strong> possibly from the Proto-Indo-European *h\u2083\u00e9sth\u2081 \/ *h\u2082\u00f3st<\/em> (bone) [source<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\ncolmm\u00e9ne<\/strong> = skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\ncolum<\/strong> = skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\nkulym, clwm, cwlm, kwlwm<\/strong> = knot, tie, bond
\nkylymy, klymv, clymmu, c(y)lymaf, c(y)lymu<\/strong> = to tie, bind<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Welsh (Cymraeg<\/th>\ncwlwm<\/strong> [\u02c8k\u028al\u028am \/ \u02c8ku\u02d0l\u028am] = knot, tie; bond, connection, union, fetter, plot; bunch, cluster, bundle; node, nodule, knot in timber
\ncwlwm gwlwm<\/strong> = knot tied twice
\nclymu<\/strong> [\u02c8kl\u0259m\u0268\u031e \/ \u02c8kl\u0259mi] = to tie, bind, set, unite, couple, rally
\nclymog<\/strong> = knotted, knotty, gnarled, tied, intricate, complex<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Cornish<\/th>\ncolm<\/strong> = knot, tie, bond
\ncolma<\/strong> = to bind, tie
\ncolmen<\/strong> = knot, tie, bond, halter
\ncolmur<\/strong> = binder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\nkolm<\/strong> = knot
\nkelmi<\/strong> = to knot
\nkelmys<\/strong> = knotted<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Breton<\/th>\nscoulm, sclom, sklom<\/strong> = knot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\nskoulmo\u00f9, skoulm<\/strong> = knot
\nkoulouma\u00f1, kolomi\u00f1<\/strong> = to knot<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Etymology<\/strong> uncertain<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n*nad-sko-<\/strong> = to bind<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\nsnaidm<\/strong> [sn\u0348a\u00f0\u02b2m\u02b2] = bond, contract, knot, pact
\nsnaidmid<\/strong> = to bind, knot
\nnasicid<\/strong> = to bind
\nairnaidmid<\/strong> = to bind, pledge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\nsnaidm<\/strong> = knot, bond<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\nsnaidm<\/strong> = knot, bond, constriction, contortion, tie, brace, problem, difficulty, problem; to knot, bind, tie, entwine, join, unite, knit
\nsnaidmeach<\/strong> = knotted, knotty
\nsnaidmeacht<\/strong> = knottiness
\nsnaidmead\u00f3ir<\/strong> = knotter, binder, tier, setter
\nsnaidmeach<\/strong> = knotty, knotted
\nnasc<\/strong> = to tie, tether, chain, link, clasp, bond<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\nsnaidhm<\/strong> [sn\u032a\u02e0aim] = knot, joint, knotting, tying a knot
\nsnaidhmeach<\/strong> [sn\u032a\u02e0aim\u0259x] = knotty, abounding in knots
\nsnaidhmte<\/strong> [sn\u032a\u02e0aimd\u02b2\u0259] = knotted, tied with a knot
\nnasg<\/strong> [n\u032a\u02e0asg] = tie-band, membrane of an egg, skeleton
\nnasgadh<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\nsniem<\/strong> = bow, knot, snare; to knot
\nsniemmit<\/strong> = joined, knitted, knotted, noosed, tied
\nsniemmagh<\/strong> = knotted
\nsniemmey<\/strong> = join, knit, knot, knotting, noose, tie, tying
\nnast<\/strong> = award, bond, gift, gratuity, betroth
\nnaisht<\/strong> = affianced, bind, engaged<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Middle Breton<\/th>\nnasca<\/strong> = to bind<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\nnaska\u00f1<\/strong> = to hinder, impede, obstruct<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Etymology<\/strong> from the Proto-Indo-European *gned-\/*gnod-<\/em> (to bind) [source<\/a>]. The English word knot<\/strong> comes from the same PIE root, via Middle English, Old English and Proto-Germanic [source<\/a>].<\/p>\n

Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n

Sources: Wiktionary<\/a>, Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, Teanglann.ie<\/a>, eDIL – Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English – Old Irish glossary<\/a>, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, TermOfis<\/a>, Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, Geriafurch<\/a>, English – ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

\"italki<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today we’re looking at the words for knots, bulges, and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *odbos = knot, bulge Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) odb [o\u00f0b] = knot (in a wood); lump, swelling, protuberance; difficulty, problem odbach Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) fodb, fobd = knot (in a wood); lump, swelling, protuberance; difficulty, problem Irish (Gaeilge) fadhb [f\u02e0\u0259ib\u02e0] […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,22,5,6,37,7,27,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6489"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6497,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6489\/revisions\/6497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}