{"id":6468,"date":"2022-03-26T20:43:31","date_gmt":"2022-03-26T20:43:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6468"},"modified":"2023-12-03T17:36:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-03T17:36:51","slug":"festive-feasts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/03\/26\/festive-feasts\/","title":{"rendered":"Festive Feasts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&rsquo;re looking at the words for <strong>festival<\/strong>, <strong>feast<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/nationalassemblyforwales\/3678300364\/in\/photolist-6B3fxN-qsxbCh-guzXor-guzppA-guAPmH-kJm1RE-dZzdnD-guAS4K-kJm1z7-guB3bi-qsKq9k-8sgzgy-guAWcV-kJjwN6-guAdQ8-kJiVgM-guzJSy-guzHZb-kJiYjF-guzrqu-kJm1DL-hWurB6-guBYfv-kJiTUP-kJm6ZW-8sge1A-hWu5nn-EwvwGm-kJm6es-kJm78G-hUKVTu-hWshok-kJiYyt-guzD2L-kJm6Pf-8sgBxJ-dZEVtw-guzyG3-kJiXJc-dZzdh6-kJjyQ2-kJjwT6-kJm2s9-kJm1Rj-kJjytF-kJjxpX-8scW52-dZEV5m-kJiTLn-dZEUV5\" title=\"Crowds with St David's Flags \/ Tyrfa, Baner Dewi Sant\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2590\/3678300364_369c4999ed_z.jpg\" alt=\"Crowds with St David's Flags \/ Tyrfa, Baner Dewi Sant\" width=\"640\" height=\"425\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*l&#299;tus<\/strong> = feast, celebration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>l&iacute;th<\/strong> [l&#840;&#690;i&#720;&theta;] = festival, feast-day, festivity, luck<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>l&iacute;th<\/strong> = festival, feast-day, festivity, entertainment, rejoicing, luck, properity<br>\n<strong>l&iacute;thech<\/strong> = festive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>l&iacute;th<\/strong> [&#712;f&#690;e&#720;l&#690;&#601;] = festival, festivity, rejoicing; (good) omen, good luck, prosperity<br>\n<strong>l&iacute;theach<\/strong> = festive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>l&igrave;, l&igrave;the<\/strong> [l&#810;&#690;i&#720;] =paint, colour, tinge, hue, complexion, properity, happiness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lyt, lid<\/strong> = ceremony, rite<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lid<\/strong> = ceremony, rite, worship, jubilation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> possibly from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*leyH-<\/em> (flow) [<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\/page\/n245\/mode\/2up?view=theater&amp;ui=embed&amp;wrapper=false&amp;q=feast\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*west&#257;<\/strong> = food, feast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feis, fess, feiss<\/strong> = entertainment, feast; night&rsquo;s lodging<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feis(s), fess<\/strong> = spending the night, sleeping, accommodation for the night, entertainment for the night, food, supper, feast, festival<br>\n<strong>fes(s)id<\/strong> = spend the night, stops (in a place), remains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feis<\/strong> [f&#690;&#603;&#643;] = festival, carnival; act of sleeping, accommodation, entertainment, bed and supper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&egrave;is<\/strong> [fe&#720;&#643;] = festival<br>\n<strong>f&egrave;ist<\/strong> [fe&#643;d&#690;] = entertainment, feast<br>\n<strong>f&egrave;istear<\/strong> [fe&#720;&#643;d&#690;&#601;r] = entertainer<br>\n<strong>f&egrave;isteas<\/strong> [fe&#720;&#643;d&#690;&#601;s] = entertainment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feish<\/strong> = assembly, carnival, festival, fete<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwest<\/strong> = night&rsquo;s stay\/lodging, night&rsquo;s sleep\/rest, lodging, hospitality<br>\n<strong>guestei, gwestai<\/strong> = guest, visitor, visiting stranger, sojourner; beggar, parasite, host<br>\n<strong>guesti, gwesti<\/strong> = to stay, rest, remain, lodge, lodging, abode, welcome, reception, sustenance, guest, lodger<br>\n<strong>gwestwyr, gwestywr<\/strong> = guest visitor, host<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwest<\/strong> [&#609;we&#720;sd\/&#609;w&#603;sd] = night&rsquo;s stay\/lodging, night&rsquo;s sleep\/rest, lodging, hospitality, welcome, entertainment, provision, maintenance, food-rent, feast, banquet; guest, visitor<br>\n<strong>gwestai<\/strong> = guest, visitor, visiting stranger, sojourner; beggar, parasite, host<br>\n<strong>gwesti<\/strong> = to stay, rest, remain, lodge, lodging, abode, welcome, reception, sustenance, guest, lodger<br>\n<strong>gwest(i)wr<\/strong> = guest visitor, host<br>\n<strong>gwestu<\/strong> = to spend a night, sleep, rest, lodge, visit, feast, borrow, beg, sponge (upon)<br>\n<strong>gwesty<\/strong> = lodging, guest-house, inn, hotel<br>\n<strong>gwestya<\/strong> = to lodge, live in lodgings, show hospitality to (guests), welcome<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwester<\/strong> = guest<br>\n<strong>gwesti<\/strong> = guesthouse<br>\n<strong>gwestva<\/strong> = hospitality<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>guest<\/strong> = feast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> possibly from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*h&#8322;wes-<\/em> (to reside) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/feis#Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*wlid&#257;<\/strong> = food, feast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fled<\/strong> [f&#690;l&#690;e&eth;] = banquet, feast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fled<\/strong> = feast, banquet, carousal, beverage<br>\n<strong>fletech<\/strong> = a banqueting-house or hall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fle&aacute;<\/strong> [f&#690;l&#690;a&#720; \/ f&#690;l&#690;&#593;&#720; \/ f&#690;l&#690;&aelig;&#720;] = (drinking) feast<br>\n<strong>fle&aacute; cheoil<\/strong> = festival of music<br>\n<strong>fle&aacute;ch<\/strong> = festive, convivial<br>\n<strong>fle&aacute;chas<\/strong> = festivity, conviviality<br>\n<strong>fleadhaigh<\/strong> = to feast, carouse&lt;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fleadh<\/strong> [fl&#612;&#611;] = feast, reception<br>\n<strong>fleadh-bainnse<\/strong> = wedding reception<br>\n<strong>fleadhach<\/strong> [fl&#612;&#611;&#601;x] = feasting, banqueting, entertaining<br>\n<strong>fleadhadh<\/strong> = (act of) conviving, gathering for feasting\/td&gt;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>fleah<\/strong> = banquet, feast<br>\n<strong>fleah foalley<\/strong> = barbeque<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*gwle&eth;<\/strong> [&#712;&#609;wl&#603;&#720;&eth;] = feast, banquet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Welsh<\/th>\n<td><strong>guled<\/strong> = feast, banquet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwledd<\/strong> = feast, banquet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwledd<\/strong> [&#609;wle&#720;&eth;] = feast, banquet, repast, carousal, revelry, sumptuous meal<br>\n<strong>gwleddu<\/strong> = to partake of a feast or banquet, feed with relish or enjoyment, carouse, revel, observe a festival<br>\n<strong>gwleddol<\/strong> = convivial, festive, banqueting, feasting, feaster<br>\n<strong>gwleddoldeb<\/strong> = festivity<br>\n<strong>gwleddwr<\/strong> = banqueter, guest, frequenter of feasts, reveller, carouser<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwledh<\/strong> = banquet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>glo&ecirc;<\/strong> = feast, banquet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> possibly from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*wldeh&#8322;<\/em>, from <em>*welh&#8321;-<\/em> (to wish, desire, want) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/wlid%C4%81\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go&iacute;delc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&eacute;il<\/strong> = festival, feast-day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&eacute;il, fel<\/strong> = a festival, feast-day<br>\n<strong>f&eacute;ilire<\/strong> = a calendar, almanac<br>\n<strong>fletech<\/strong> = a banqueting-house or hall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&eacute;ile<\/strong> [&#712;f&#690;e&#720;l&#690;&#601;] = festival, feast (day)<br>\n<strong>f&eacute;ilire<\/strong> = calendar<br>\n<strong>f&eacute;ilti&uacute;il<\/strong> = pertaining to festival, festive; periodic, recurrent, regular, punctual<br>\n<strong>f&eacute;ilti&uacute;lacht<\/strong> = observance of feast days, seasonableness, regularity, punctuality<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G&agrave;idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>f&eacute;ill<\/strong> [fe&#720;l&#810;&#736;(&#601;)] = feast, festival, holy day fair, sale, market<br>\n<strong>f&eacute;illeachd<\/strong> [fe&#720;l&#810;&#736;&#601;x&#609;] = festivity, festivities<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>feaill<\/strong> [&#712;solan] = festival, holy day<br>\n<strong>feailley<\/strong> = feast, festival, f&ecirc;te, holiday, holy day, sacred<br>\n<strong>feaillys<\/strong> = festivity, sacredness, vacation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gwyl, g&#373;yl<\/strong> = holiday, holy-day, religious festival<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>g&#373;yl<\/strong> [&#712;hal&#603;n \/ &#712;halan] = holiday, holy-day, religious festival, f&ecirc;te; watch, guard, vigil<br>\n<strong>g&#373;yl y Banc<\/strong> = Bank Holiday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>goil<\/strong> = festival, holiday<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gool<\/strong> = fair, feast, festival, vigil, wake<br>\n<strong>Gool Enys<\/strong> = carnival<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton (Brezonec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>goel<\/strong> = (religious) festival, f&ecirc;te<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>gouel<\/strong> = (religious) festival, f&ecirc;te<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong> from the Latin <em>vigilia<\/em> (wakefulness, watch), from <em>vigil<\/em> (awake), from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*we&#501;-<\/em> (to be strong) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/f%C3%A9ile\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The English words <strong>vigil<\/strong>, <strong>vigilant<\/strong> come from the same Latin root, and <strong>wake<\/strong> and <strong>watch<\/strong> come from the same PIE root, via Proto-Germanic [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/we%C7%B5-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &ndash; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D&uacute;il B&eacute;lrai English &ndash; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/lexiconcornubrit00willuoft\/mode\/2up\">Lexicon Cornu-britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/shareasale.com\/r.cfm?b=1775355&amp;u=184793&amp;m=70611&amp;urllink=&amp;afftrack=\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.shareasale.com\/image\/70611\/728x90_00.jpg\" alt=\"italki - Win cash rewards for learning any language\" width=\"630\" height=\"78\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for festival, feast and related things in Celtic languages. Words marked with a * are reconstructions. Proto-Celtic *l\u012btus = feast, celebration Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) l\u00edth [l\u0348\u02b2i\u02d0\u03b8] = festival, feast-day, festivity, luck Middle Irish (Gaoidhleag) l\u00edth = festival, feast-day, festivity, entertainment, rejoicing, luck, properity l\u00edthech = festive Irish (Gaeilge) l\u00edth [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,27,8,10,40,11,12,67,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-old-welsh","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-germanic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6468"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6468\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7754,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6468\/revisions\/7754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}