{"id":6413,"date":"2022-02-23T16:10:57","date_gmt":"2022-02-23T16:10:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6413"},"modified":"2022-08-19T12:56:12","modified_gmt":"2022-08-19T11:56:12","slug":"druids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/02\/23\/druids\/","title":{"rendered":"Druids"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for <strong>druids<\/strong> in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/czmj\/3900572893\/in\/photolist-6WFsqM-FNGS2c-5BG7DN-5BG7KU-SHGLKJ-89rYyz-pZG88T-2isziep-NkBfMh-2kDWmGy-Lmapro-ycbn4o-qYH8Zs-qYPazD-rXh5X-rg8z4c-GSsx9b-2jiigP4-6WKtpW-So3g3Y-rgbeRE-3c5tfP-rgbaVy-qjg5U3-6VwL9K-2mTDkVV-rgePbc-qYHd6y-6VwJkD-82vu7B-rgbeho-qYGaLJ-4EKhu7-fe5WVU-HX7kAg-6VwEQk-3wq1jF-mHx6Qx-2kkJJ8k-cpU4iL-bQe4Be-24JwL2b-rdWx87-2kAq1Nt-2k7nLrC-2kkqUMm-GHp3PQ-rgb9P5-6VALSN-6VAQN3\" title=\"Druids\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3481\/3900572893_4869455bca_z.jpg\" alt=\"Druids\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*druwits<\/strong> = druid, priest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*druwits \/ *druwides<\/strong> = druid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dru\u00ed<\/strong> [\u02c8dru\u02d0i\u032f] = druid, sorcerer, magician<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>draoi<\/strong> [d\u032a\u02e0\u027e\u02e0i\u02d0] = druid, wizard, magician, augur, diviner, trickster<br \/>\n<strong>dra\u00edocht<\/strong> = druidic art, druidism, witchcraft, magic, charm, enchantment<br \/>\n<strong>dra\u00edochtach<\/strong> = magicial, bewitching, entrancing<br \/>\n<strong>dra\u00edod\u00f3ir<\/strong> = magician<br \/>\n<strong>dra\u00edod\u00f3ireacht<\/strong> = magic, sly, cunning, hypocrisy, trickery, secretiveness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>draoidh<\/strong> [dr\u026fj] = druid, sorcerer, magician, wizard<br \/>\n<strong>draoidheachd<\/strong> [dr\u026fj\u0259xg] = magic, sorcery, druidism<br \/>\n<strong>draoidheil<\/strong> [dr\u0264jal] = druidic(al), magic(al)<br \/>\n<strong>ce\u00f2-draoidh<\/strong> = magic mist<br \/>\n<strong>eun-draoidh<\/strong> = augur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>druaight<\/strong> = charm, druid<br \/>\n<strong>druaightagh<\/strong> = smithcraft, smithery, smithywork<br \/>\n<strong>druaightys<\/strong> = charming, druid, druidism, magic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*dr\u00fcw<\/strong> [\u02c8dryu\u032f] = druid, seer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>dryw<\/strong> [dr\u0268u\u032f\/dr\u026au\u032f] = druid, seer<br \/>\n<strong>derwydd<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u025brw\u0268\u031e\u00f0 \/ \u02c8d\u025brw\u026a\u00f0] = prophet, wise man, druid<br \/>\n<strong>derwyddaidd<\/strong> = druidical<br \/>\n<strong>derwyddiaeth<\/strong> = druidism, the druid cult<br \/>\n<strong>derwyddol<\/strong> = druidic, druidical<br \/>\n<strong>archderwydd<\/strong> = archdruid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>druw<\/strong> = druid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>drewydh<\/strong> = druid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>drouiz<\/strong> [\u02c8dru\u02d0.is] = druid<br \/>\n<strong>drouizek \/ drouizel<\/strong> = druidic<br \/>\n<strong>drouizelezh \/ drouiziezh<\/strong> = druidism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Celtic <em>*daru<\/em> (oak) and <em>*wid-\/*windeti<\/em> (to know, to see), from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*d\u00f3ru<\/em> (tree) and <em>*weyd<\/em> (to see, know) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/druwits\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Gaulish words for druid were borrowed by Ancient Greek, as <em>\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u0390\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9<\/em> (dru\u1e2fdai), and Latin, as <em>Druid\u0113s<\/em>. The Latin word was borrowed into French as <strong>druide<\/strong>, which was borrowed into English as <strong>druid<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Druides#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Proto-Brythonic word <strong>*dr\u00fcw<\/strong> was borrowed into Old English as <em>dr\u0233<\/em> (sorcerer, magician), which became <em>dr\u012b(mann)\/dri\u0292(mann)<\/em> (sorcerer, magician) in Middle English [<a href=\"https:\/\/quod.lib.umich.edu\/m\/middle-english-dictionary\/dictionary\/MED12613\">source<\/a>]. A few modern druids use the word <strong>drymann<\/strong>, or something similiar, to refer to themselves.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s a traditional Welsh tune called Y Derwydd (The Druid):<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NLjteIPRPaU\" title=\"YouTube video player\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=CwUGAAAAQAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/create.blubrry.com\/resources\/podcast-media-hosting\/?code=omniglot\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_blubrry.png\" alt=\"Blubrry podcast hosting\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for druids in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *druwits = druid, priest Gaulish *druwits \/ *druwides = druid Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) dru\u00ed [\u02c8dru\u02d0i\u032f] = druid, sorcerer, magician Irish (Gaeilge) draoi [d\u032a\u02e0\u027e\u02e0i\u02d0] = druid, wizard, magician, augur, diviner, trickster dra\u00edocht = druidic art, druidism, witchcraft, magic, charm, enchantment dra\u00edochtach = magicial, bewitching, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,44,25,21,3,22,77,27,9,71,10,11,12,13,23,72,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-french","category-gaulish","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-english-englisch","category-nouns","category-old-cornish","category-old-english-aenglisc","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-trees","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6413"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6766,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6413\/revisions\/6766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}