{"id":6378,"date":"2022-02-08T15:05:15","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T15:05:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6378"},"modified":"2022-02-08T15:05:17","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T15:05:17","slug":"material","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/02\/08\/material\/","title":{"rendered":"Material"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for <strong>material<\/strong>, <strong>substance<\/strong> and related things in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/psgrayson\/3684907419\/in\/photolist-6BC7Ax-2iF7qnH-2m9xmXu-4pwS77-2kEbG8C-2kEceiu-Tg1EFW-3mntL2-2jrme38-fJAzED-5U9vfU-msVL6-GzTHR-4psQNc-4psQje-4psRir-2kawaRm-kwFGxB-4pwUaf-WzJA4y-3Xe3t2-F1XUyh-2iFHnMY-crMXwQ-4oGpbZ-fJAzBP-fJAzDX-47BSqQ-5rm9Uu-JfGM7G-2fa5J6X-2n2qD9D-aUmFXr-2inRnDK-2kibQuF-NeNALi-ny6aY-6o5728-6u1arp-4Gy4Gq-Rs11f-56eGQ-4bEh2-9CtEtG-bGqawg-bGqbEn-2kifzea-4pBgXh-fJAzD8-kffMpZ\" title=\"Materials\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/2547\/3684907419_cfe8f25cf0_z.jpg\" alt=\"Materials\" width=\"640\" height=\"279\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>damnyos<\/strong> = material, substance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>damnae<\/strong> = heir; matter, cause, reason, motive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>damhna<\/strong> = matter, substance, subject, cause; eligible person<br \/>\n<strong>damhna dorcha<\/strong> = dark matter<br \/>\n<strong>damhnaigh<\/strong> = to materialize, shape, form<br \/>\n<strong>damhn\u00fa<\/strong> = materialization, formation<br \/>\n<strong>damhn\u00fail<\/strong> = material<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>damhna<\/strong> [d\u00e3\u0169n\u0259] = stuff, material, matter; cause, reason<br \/>\n<strong>damhnadh<\/strong> = band, tie; matter out of which anything is formed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*d\u0117\u03b2\u0303n\u0268\u00f0<\/strong> = material, stuff, matter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>deunit \/ defnyd \/ devnydh<\/strong> = material, stuff, matter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>defnydd<\/strong> [\u02c8d\u025bvn\u0268\u031e\u00f0\/\u02c8d\u025bvn\u026a\u00f0] = material, stuff, matter, substance, essence, element, constituent part, particle, make-up, nature; use service, application, purpose, end, effect<br \/>\n<strong>defnyddio<\/strong> = to use<br \/>\n<strong>defnyddiol<\/strong> = useful<br \/>\n<strong>defnyddiwr<\/strong> = user, consumer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>daffnez<\/strong> = back<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>devnydh<\/strong> = ingredient, material, stuff, use<br \/>\n<strong>devnydha<\/strong> = to utilise<br \/>\n<strong>devnydhyer<\/strong> = user<br \/>\n<strong>devnydhys<\/strong> = used<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>daffnez<\/strong> = matter, material<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>danuez<\/strong> = matter, material<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>danvez<\/strong> = matter, commodity, fabric, material, fortune, subject, content, future, disposition<br \/>\n<strong>danvezel<\/strong> = material<br \/>\n<strong>danvezela\u00f1<\/strong> = to materialize<br \/>\n<strong>danvezelezh<\/strong> = material<br \/>\n<strong>danvezenn<\/strong> = material, substance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*dem-<\/em> (to build (up)) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/damnyos\">source<\/a>]. The English words such as <strong>domestic<\/strong>, <strong>dominate<\/strong>, <strong>dominion<\/strong> and <strong>timber<\/strong> come from the same PIE root [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Category:English_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_root_*dem-\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>adbar<\/strong> [\u02c8a\u00f0var] = material, matter, reason<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>\u00e1bhar<\/strong> [\u02c8au\u027e\u02e0\/\u02c8\u0251\u02d0v\u02e0\u0259\u027e\u02e0\/\u02c8\u0251\u02d0w\u0259\u027e\u02e0\/\u02c8\u00e6\u02d0w\u0259\u027e\u02e0] = matter, material, cause, reason, subject, topic, object<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e1bharatha<\/strong> = material, relevant<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e1bharachas<\/strong> = materialism<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e1bhara\u00ed<\/strong> = materialist<br \/>\n<strong>\u00e1bhara\u00edoch<\/strong> = materialistic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>adhbar<\/strong> [\u0264\u02d0v\u0259r] = cause, ground, reason, motive, purpose, material, object, topic, source<br \/>\n<strong>adhbharachas<\/strong> [\u0264\u02d0v\u0259r\u0259x\u0259s] = materialism<br \/>\n<strong>adhbharachadh<\/strong> [\u0264\u02d0v\u0259r\u0259x\u0259\u0263] = causing, effecting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>oyr<\/strong> [o\u02d0r] =  cause, incentive, matter, motive, occasion, reason<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Old Irish <em>ad-<\/em> and <em>feraid<\/em> (grant, afford, supply) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/adbar#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>stuth<\/strong> [sduh] = material (in general), stuff, substance, matter<br \/>\n<strong>stuth dorcha<\/strong> = dark matter<br \/>\n<strong>bun-stuth<\/strong> = raw material, essence<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>stoo<\/strong> = material, stuff, substance, matter<br \/>\n<strong>bun-stoo<\/strong> = element, elementary, raw material<br \/>\n<strong>stoo-beaghee<\/strong> = foodstuffs<br \/>\n<strong>stoo-lleihys<\/strong> = drugs, medicine<br \/>\n<strong>stoo-sthie<\/strong> = content<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>stwff<\/strong> = stuff, material, substance, cloth, fabric, stuffing<br \/>\n<strong>stwffio<\/strong> = to stuff, fill, cram, shove<br \/>\n<strong>stwffiwr<\/strong> = stuffer, pushy person, taxidermist<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>stoff<\/strong> = material, stuff<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the English <strong>stuff<\/strong>, from the Middle English <em>stuffen<\/em> (to equip, furnish), from the Old French <em>estof(f)er<\/em> (to equip, stuff), from the Old High German <em>stoff\u014dn<\/em> (to stop, halt, stuff, insert), from the Proto-West-Germanic <em>stopp\u014dn<\/em>  (to stop, halt, plug, stuff, insert), possibly from the Latin <em>stupp\u014d<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/stuff\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logainm.ie\/en\/s?txt=gls%3a106-lios&amp;pag=-1\">logainm.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=CwUGAAAAQAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Gerlyvyr Cernewec<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/create.blubrry.com\/resources\/podcast-media-hosting\/?code=omniglot\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_blubrry.png\" alt=\"Blubrry podcast hosting\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at the words for material, substance and related things in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic damnyos = material, substance Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) damnae = heir; matter, cause, reason, motive Irish (Gaeilge) damhna = matter, substance, subject, cause; eligible person damhna dorcha = dark matter damhnaigh = to materialize, shape, form damhn\u00fa = materialization, formation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16,26,19,20,21,3,36,22,5,6,7,27,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adjectives","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6378"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6380,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6378\/revisions\/6380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}