{"id":6336,"date":"2022-01-06T11:41:55","date_gmt":"2022-01-06T11:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6336"},"modified":"2022-01-06T20:16:14","modified_gmt":"2022-01-06T20:16:14","slug":"knifes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2022\/01\/06\/knifes\/","title":{"rendered":"Knives"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at words for <strong>knife<\/strong>, and related words, in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/grenadegod\/2677476814\/in\/photolist-55ALzm-2hiYyX5-28aDsNm-56CtaU-DhPnk-7BjvSx-29WSxxm-56ASUG-37c7yL-DeGzu-56AT3m-56ASSG-56ASVY-56ASYq-56AT1y-29X8DLd-DeLqm-MhDK2Z-28hAGjo-2aYgU2L-2aYgLZj-DeGNE-NUGg7G-2b3DV2T-MhzyEz-2b3DDgV-29EiT2V-NUVhx1-28hFdNS-5SBukH-NUYLYy-2b3DWVx-2b3E5xB-2b3Dtvn-29EjhyK-2b3E7MX-29X8JjG-29X8Gjj-DeGFx-2b3DgU6-29E2LD6-DeGUT-NUYSVd-NUYfdW-29EiUDH-NUGofE-MhDa4t-28hF9rA-29Ej8Ci-MhDbze\" title=\"My Sgian Dubh\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3104\/2677476814_26fe2e1073_z.jpg\" alt=\"My Sgian Dubh\" width=\"640\" height=\"160\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*skiyen\u0101<\/strong> = knife<br \/>\n<strong>*skeno-<\/strong> = knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sc\u00edan<\/strong> [\u02c8\u0261avul] = knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>scian<\/strong> [\u0283ci\u0259n\u02e0\/\u0283ci\u02d0n\u032a\u02e0] = knife, edge, side<br \/>\n<strong>scian ar\u00e1in<\/strong> = bread knife<br \/>\n<strong>scian bhoird<\/strong> = table knife<br \/>\n<strong>scian feola<\/strong> = carving knife<br \/>\n<strong>scian fola<\/strong> = lancet<br \/>\n<strong>scian ph\u00f3ca<\/strong> = pocket knife, penknife<br \/>\n<strong>scianchl\u00e1r<\/strong> = knife board<br \/>\n<strong>sciantaca<\/strong> knife rest<br \/>\n<strong>sceanra<\/strong> = knives, cutlery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>sgian<\/strong> [sg\u02b2i\u0259n] = knife, blade (<em>of a peat spade<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>sgian-dubh<\/strong> = skean dhu<br \/>\n<strong>sgian-bh\u00f9ird<\/strong> = table knife<br \/>\n<strong>sgian-pheann<\/strong> = penknife<br \/>\n<strong>sgian- ph\u00f2ca(id)<\/strong> = pocket knife<br \/>\n<strong>sgian-arain<\/strong> = bread knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skynn<\/strong> = knife<br \/>\n<strong>skynn annee<\/strong> = scalpel<br \/>\n<strong>skynn arran<\/strong> = bread knife<br \/>\n<strong>skynn attey<\/strong> = dagger, dirk, poniard, stiletto<br \/>\n<strong>skynn foalley<\/strong> = carving knife<br \/>\n<strong>skynn phenney\/phoagey\/phoggaid<\/strong> = penknife<br \/>\n<strong>skynn vuird<\/strong> = table knife<br \/>\n<strong>skynneyder<\/strong> = cutler<br \/>\n<strong>skynneydys<\/strong> = cutlery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>esg\u00efen \/ ysgien \/ sg\u00efen \/ yskien<\/strong> = knife, sword, rapier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>ysg\u00efen \/ sgien<\/strong> = knife, sword, rapier, cutter, parer, chopper, scymeter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>squei(g)aff<\/strong> = to cut<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>skeja\u00f1<\/strong> = to cut, sever, split; severing, cutting, sectioning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*skei-<\/em> (to cut) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/sc%C3%ADan#Old_Irish\">source<\/a>]. The Welsh words were probably borrowed from Old Irish.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kullell<\/strong> = knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>celeell, kyllell, kallel<\/strong> = knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cyllell<\/strong> [\u02c8k\u0259\u026c\u025b\u026c\/\u02c8k\u0259\u026ca\u026c] = knife<br \/>\n<strong>cyllell bapur<\/strong> = paper knife<br \/>\n<strong>cyllell fara<\/strong> = bread knife<br \/>\n<strong>cyllell fwrdd<\/strong> = table knife<br \/>\n<strong>cyllell gerfio<\/strong> = carving knife<br \/>\n<strong>cyllell glun<\/strong> = dagger<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>collel<\/strong> = knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kollell<\/strong> = knife<br \/>\n<strong>kelyllik<\/strong> = pocket knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kontell<\/strong> [\u02c8k\u0254\u0303nt\u025bl] = knife<br \/>\n<strong>kontell amann<\/strong> = butter knife<br \/>\n<strong>kontell geuz, kontell fourmaj<\/strong> = cheese knife<br \/>\n<strong>kontell-vara<\/strong> = bread knife<br \/>\n<strong>kontellazh<\/strong> = cutlass<br \/>\n<strong>kontelleg<\/strong> = knife<br \/>\n<strong>kontilli, kontellerezh<\/strong> = cutlery<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Latin <strong>cultellus<\/strong> (small knife, dagger), from <em>culter<\/em> (knife, razor), possibly from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*(s)kelH-<\/em> (to cut, slipt, separate)  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cyllell\">source<\/a>], which is the root of the English word <strong>shelf<\/strong>  [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/(s)kelH-\">source<\/a>], or from the PIE <em>*(s)ker-<\/em> (to cut off), which is also the root of such English words as <strong>carnival<\/strong>, <strong>carnivore<\/strong>, <strong>cortex<\/strong>, <strong>curt<\/strong>, <strong>sharp<\/strong>, <strong>shear<\/strong> and <strong>share<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Category:English_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_root_*(s)ker-_(cut)\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>English words from the same Latin root (<strong>cultellus<\/strong>) include: <strong>cutlass<\/strong> and <strong>cutlery<\/strong> [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/cultellus#Latin\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logainm.ie\/en\/s?txt=gls%3a106-lios&amp;pag=-1\">logainm.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/devri.bzh\/\">Le dictionnaire diachronique du breton<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/geriafurch.bzh\/br\">Geriafurch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/create.blubrry.com\/resources\/podcast-media-hosting\/?code=omniglot\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_blubrry.png\" alt=\"Blubrry podcast hosting\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Today we&#8217;re looking at words for knife, and related words, in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *skiyen\u0101 = knife *skeno- = knife Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) sc\u00edan [\u02c8\u0261avul] = knife Irish (Gaeilge) scian [\u0283ci\u0259n\u02e0\/\u0283ci\u02d0n\u032a\u02e0] = knife, edge, side scian ar\u00e1in = bread knife scian bhoird = table knife scian feola = carving knife scian fola = lancet scian [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,26,19,20,21,3,36,22,7,27,8,9,10,11,12,13,23,43,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-breton","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-verbs","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6336"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6336\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6342,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6336\/revisions\/6342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}