{"id":6245,"date":"2021-10-29T13:35:23","date_gmt":"2021-10-29T12:35:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6245"},"modified":"2021-10-29T13:35:25","modified_gmt":"2021-10-29T12:35:25","slug":"courts-and-forts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2021\/10\/29\/courts-and-forts\/","title":{"rendered":"Courts and Forts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>courts<\/strong>, <strong>forts<\/strong> and related words in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/davidbrookes\/27966535767\/in\/photolist-JBiNKa-61BvnZ-61ZVhd-2ghit3F-2ghhXVX-VT5yLy-VT5yxs-4s9fNQ-2ghicdF-2ghhXvD-2ghhWXV-2ghhVp4-2ghhVJT-2ghireR-eiVbd7-WgHtbF-2ghiqqM-2hjn28h-M1eYnL-56evxt-2ghhTs3-2ghhWit-96Vpt-8xGUs4-2ghioPq-2d5AXVh-WtkauK-VT5yp1-2c42jYJ-eiPqT4-VsPH9W-2c42m63-2msbaRL-8URgP2-VsMueW-4ujKu3-VsPAkW-4XCKr-rLLDA6-2iS6zpo-s63i5F-r9i8J8-2mAgXyd-rNwkBQ-KUGf8V-T3T8S9-4DBCeD-DjKi8k-2dcmPBu-R929e1\" title=\"Lismore Castle\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/1742\/27966535767_108948cd65_z.jpg\" alt=\"Lismore Castle\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>les<\/strong> [l\u02b2es\u02b2] = the space about a house enclosed by a bank or rampart, farmyard, courtyard; settlement, city; palisade, stockade, rampart; ringfort, circular earthwork<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lios<\/strong> [l\u0320\u02b2\u026as\u02e0\/l\u0320\u02b2\u028as\u02e0] = enclosed ground of a (ancient) dwelling-house, enclosed space, garth; ringfort; fairy mound; ring, halo<br \/>\n<strong>liosach\u00e1n<\/strong> = fairy fort, fairy mound<br \/>\n<strong>urlios<\/strong> = forecourt, front enclosure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lios<\/strong> [l\u032a\u02b2is] = garden, yard<br \/>\n<strong>c\u00f9irt-lios<\/strong> = (court)yard<br \/>\n<strong>fion-lios<\/strong> = vineyard<br \/>\n<strong>lios-\u00e0raich<\/strong> = (plant) nursery<br \/>\n<strong>lios-c\u00e0il<\/strong> = kaleyard, vegetable garden<br \/>\n<strong>lios-mheas<\/strong> = orchard<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>llis, llys<\/strong> = court, palace, manor house, hall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>llys<\/strong> [\u026c\u0268\u02d0s\/\u026ci\u02d0s] = court (of law), palace, manor house, hall, imposing building, habitation of king, prince, nobleman; courtyard, enclosed space<br \/>\n<strong>Llys Bach y Dosbarth<\/strong> = Magistrates\u2019 Court<br \/>\n<strong>llys sirol<\/strong> = county court<br \/>\n<strong>llys trosedd(au) \/ troseddol<\/strong> = criminal court<br \/>\n<strong>Llys y Goron<\/strong> = Crown Court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lys<\/strong> = court<br \/>\n<strong>breuslys<\/strong> = court of law<br \/>\n<strong>lyskanasedh<\/strong> = diplomacy<br \/>\n<strong>lyskanasek<\/strong> = diplomatic<br \/>\n<strong>lyskannas<\/strong> = diplomat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>les<\/strong> = court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>lez<\/strong> = court<br \/>\n<strong>lez-vrezel<\/strong> = council of war<br \/>\n<strong>lez kastizel<\/strong> = criminal court<br \/>\n<strong>Lez veur<\/strong> = High Court<br \/>\n<strong>lez-varn<\/strong> = tribunal, court<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: unknown<\/p>\n<p>The Irish and Scottish Gaelic words are mainly used in place names, such as <strong>Lios D\u00fain Bhearna<\/strong> (Lisdoonvarna) and <strong>Lios Tuathail<\/strong> (Listowel) in Ireland, and <strong>Lios M\u00f2r<\/strong> (Lismore) in Scotland.<\/p>\n<p>Words marked with a * are reconstructions.<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.logainm.ie\/en\/s?txt=gls%3a106-lios&amp;pag=-1\">logainm.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/create.blubrry.com\/resources\/podcast-media-hosting\/?code=omniglot\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/images\/banners\/banner_blubrry.png\" alt=\"Blubrry podcast hosting\" width=\"728\" height=\"90\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for courts, forts and related words in Celtic languages. Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) les [l\u02b2es\u02b2] = the space about a house enclosed by a bank or rampart, farmyard, courtyard; settlement, city; palisade, stockade, rampart; ringfort, circular earthwork Irish (Gaeilge) lios [l\u0320\u02b2\u026as\u02e0\/l\u0320\u02b2\u028as\u02e0] = enclosed ground of a (ancient) dwelling-house, enclosed space, garth; ringfort; fairy mound; ring, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,26,19,20,21,3,5,7,27,10,23,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaeilge-irish","category-language","category-middle-breton","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6245"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6247,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245\/revisions\/6247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}