{"id":6101,"date":"2021-08-04T17:32:44","date_gmt":"2021-08-04T16:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/?p=6101"},"modified":"2023-02-22T15:40:53","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T15:40:53","slug":"hurdle-fences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2021\/08\/04\/hurdle-fences\/","title":{"rendered":"Hurdle Fences"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Words for <strong>hurdles<\/strong>, <strong>fences<\/strong> and related words in Celtic languages.<\/p>\n<p><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/jimfromcanada\/51109660888\/in\/photolist-2kSonxN-2kNbyv6-YZUfKD-2mbcia5-ebMB6v-nGYvia-cjwr9h-9TnUMj-9hMoQA-L7r5w-a8PAJ5-ByUyuq-8amhXz-2kuwHyP-2jtLWRJ-2kYqZWp-83gLWj-6Gfe5G-2kSRuGh-2jHHU5m-TTS4Ya-243rR5Y-2kPQeBc-7FmVnN-2knt7LB-2knoE42-EbttmP-8Kdwz3-PMfQem-2knt7PT-2kbGk1A-bV7XKR-k5N7Z7-2knoE5E-2kbCzKL-2iSF5wf-2jJ1cA6-9E46yy-2iAK6is-bCbqLj-TGnU21-DdUzgk-4B8tZH-bR66Sr-am8JnV-aeJoGS-4TyHoL-vRDL9r-2k1rie6-5GCTqV\" title=\"timeless gateway\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/51109660888_f0ee7b5ffc_z.jpg\" alt=\"timeless gateway\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"><\/a><script async=\"\" src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Celtic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*kl\u0113t\u0101<\/strong> = wattled frame, palisade, hurdle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Gaulish<\/th>\n<td><strong>*cleta<\/strong> = hurdle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cl\u00edath<\/strong> = hurdle, litter, stretcher, wattlework<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cl\u00edath<\/strong> = hurdle; wattle panels of walls, doors or gates; woven fence, palisade, outwork<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Irish (Gaeilge)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cliath<\/strong> [kl\u02b2i\u0259] = wattled, latticed, frame, hurdle, phalanx, staff, stave (<em>music<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>cliathach<\/strong> = ribbed frame, engagement, battle<br \/>\n<strong>cliathobair<\/strong> = wattle-work, wickerwork<br \/>\n<strong>cliath\u00f3g<\/strong> = (small) hurdle<br \/>\n<strong>cliath\u00f3ir<\/strong> = hurdler, hurdle-maker<br \/>\n<strong>cliathr\u00e1s<\/strong> = hurdle race<br \/>\n<strong>cliathreatha\u00ed<\/strong> = hurdler<br \/>\n<strong>cliathreatha\u00edocht<\/strong> = hurdling<br \/>\n<strong>Baile \u00c1tha Cliath<\/strong> Dublin (\u201cHurdle Ford Settlement\u201d)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Scottish Gaelic (G\u00e0idhlig)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cliath<\/strong> [kli\u0259] = grid, lattice, grate, grating, shoal (of fish), hurdle, harrow, stockade, stave, staff (<em>music<\/em>)<br \/>\n<strong>cliathag<\/strong> = small hurdle<br \/>\n<strong>cliath-bhogsa<\/strong> = crate<br \/>\n<strong>cliath-dhuilleag<\/strong> = spreadsheet<br \/>\n<strong>obair-chliath<\/strong> = trellis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Manx (Gaelg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cleeah<\/strong> = lattice, wicker, fret, darn, stave, staff, grid, stretcher, grate, grating, criss-cross, school of fish<br \/>\n<strong>cleea<\/strong> = hurdle<br \/>\n<strong>cleeader<\/strong> = hurdler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Proto-Brythonic<\/th>\n<td><strong>*klu\u0268d<\/strong> = palisade, hurdle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Welsh (Kymraec<\/th>\n<td><strong>cluyt, clwyt<\/strong> = hurdle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Welsh (Cymraeg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>clwyd<\/strong> [klu\u02d0\u0268\u032fd \/ kl\u028ai\u032fd] = movable hurdle, wattle, lattice, rack, crate, gate, door; protection, cover, defence<br \/>\n<strong>clwydo<\/strong> = to wattle, weave, hurdle, tangle; roost, sleep<br \/>\n<strong>clwydaid<\/strong> = a crateful, pannierful, kilnful<br \/>\n<strong>clwydedd<\/strong> = door, gate<br \/>\n<strong>clwydwaith<\/strong> = wickerwork, wattle<br \/>\n<strong>clwydwr<\/strong> = gate-keeper, porter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Old Cornish<\/th>\n<td><strong>cluit<\/strong> = hurdle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Cornish (Cernewec)<\/th>\n<td><strong>cluit, clita<\/strong> = hurdle, wattle, crate, wattled gate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Cornish (Kernewek)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kloos<\/strong> = fence, rack<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Middle Breton<\/th>\n<td><strong>klouet, cloet, kloued, klwed<\/strong> = hurdle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Breton (Brezhoneg)<\/th>\n<td><strong>kloued<\/strong> = fence, barrier, gate, railings, grating, grid<br \/>\n<strong>klouedenn<\/strong> = openwork, fence, skylight, harrow, portcullis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong>: from the Proto-Indo-European <em>*\u1e31l\u00e9yteh\u2082<\/em> (leaning, sloped, inclined) from <em>*\u1e31ley-<\/em> (to lean, incline) [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European\/%E1%B8%B1l%C3%A9yteh%E2%82%82\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same Proto-Celtic root, via Gaulish and Latin, include <strong>claie<\/strong> (wicker rack, trellis, hurdle) in French and <strong>cheda<\/strong> (wattled laterals at the base of a traditional cart) in Galician [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic\/land%C4%81\">source<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Words from the same PIE root include <strong>client<\/strong>, <strong>climate<\/strong>, <strong>clinic<\/strong>, <strong>incline<\/strong> and <strong>lean<\/strong> in English, <strong>leunen<\/strong> (to lean) in Dutch, <strong>lehnen<\/strong> (to lean) in German, <strong>chin\u00e0re<\/strong> (to bend) in Italian, <strong>clemente<\/strong> (lenient) in Spanish [<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_root_*%E1%B8%B1ley-_(incline)\">source<\/a>], <strong>cl\u00e9<\/strong> (left) and <strong>cleith<\/strong> (pole, cudgel, wattle) in Irish, <strong>cledd<\/strong> (left hand\/side) in Welsh, and related words in Celtic languages [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/2018\/10\/03\/left-north\/\">more details<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Sources: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/\">Wiktionary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faclair.com\/\">Am Faclair Beag<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mannin.info\/Mannin\/fockleyr\/m2e.php\">Online Manx Dictionary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teanglann.ie\/en\/fgb\/ceann\">Teanglann.ie<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/dil.ie\/\">eDIL &#8211; Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk\/sengoidelc\/duil-belrai\/english.html\">In D\u00fail B\u00e9lrai English &#8211; Old Irish glossary<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/geiriadur.ac.uk\/gpc\/gpc.html\">Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cornishdictionary.org.uk\/browse?field_word_value=penn\">Gerlyver Kernewek<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.arkaevraz.net\/dicobzh\/index.php\">Dictionaire Favereau<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brezhoneg.bzh\/87-termofis.htm\">TermOfis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wales.ac.uk\/Resources\/Documents\/Research\/CelticLanguages\/EnglishProtoCelticWordList.pdf\">English &#8211; ProtoCeltic WordList<\/a> (PDF), <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/embed\/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic\">Etymological Dictionary Of Proto Celtic<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Words for hurdles, fences and related words in Celtic languages. Proto-Celtic *kl\u0113t\u0101 = wattled frame, palisade, hurdle Gaulish *cleta = hurdle Old Irish (Go\u00eddelc) cl\u00edath = hurdle, litter, stretcher, wattlework Middle Irish (Gaoidhealg) cl\u00edath = hurdle; wattle panels of walls, doors or gates; woven fence, palisade, outwork Irish (Gaeilge) cliath [kl\u02b2i\u0259] = wattled, latticed, frame, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,26,81,19,20,25,61,21,83,3,36,22,5,6,37,7,27,9,10,11,12,13,23,82,18,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-breton","category-kernewek-cornish","category-dutch-nederlands","category-english","category-etymology","category-gaulish","category-german","category-gaeilge-irish","category-italian-italiano","category-language","category-latin","category-gaelg-manx","category-middle-breton","category-middle-cornish","category-middle-irish","category-middle-welsh-kymraec","category-nouns","category-old-cornish","category-old-irish-goidelc","category-proto-brythonic","category-proto-celtic","category-proto-indo-european","category-gaidhlig-scottish-gaelic","category-spanish-espanol","category-cymraeg-welsh","category-words"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6101"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7164,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6101\/revisions\/7164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/celtiadur\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}